Design for Engineering The Universal Systems Model 2006

The Universal System Models n The four components of the Universal Systems Model are:

Steering Wheel Control Transportation example: Sub System Cruise Control Vehicle Speed Signal Cable to

Communication System E-mail Keyboard Computer Monitor CPU Electricity Save for later Typing Process Send

Construction System Bookcase Wood, Screws, Nails, Glue Hammer, Saw, Clamps, Screw drivers Gluing Plans

Medical Stress test Patient Testing Equipment Test Facility Walking On Treadmill X-ray Technician Nurse

Standards Addressed n Standard 2. Students will develop an understanding of the core concepts

Standards Addressed Continued • Y. The stability of a technological system is influenced by

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Design for Engineering The Universal Systems Model 2006 Greg Heitkamp This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author's and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).

The Universal System Models n The four components of the Universal Systems Model are: • Input – What is put into the system • Output – What comes out of the input and process • Process – All the activity that is required and take place to get the desired result. • Feedback – The reaction of the input, output and process of a system. Used to reinforce or alter the elements of a system

Steering Wheel Control Transportation example: Sub System Cruise Control Vehicle Speed Signal Cable to Throttle Valve Vacuum Control Valve Input Cruise Control Computer Set speed Process Vacuum Actuator Brake Pedal Switch Clutch Pedal Switch Feedback Output Throttle Position Sensor Throttle Valve Control Speed Provides Constant Speed Allows the Computer to Reset Valve

Communication System E-mail Keyboard Computer Monitor CPU Electricity Save for later Typing Process Send email over Internet to receiver's mailbox Input Email Not answer Email goes Through Internet Answer E-mail Gets read Feedback Receiver decides what to do with e-mail Output Receiver gets E-mail

Construction System Bookcase Wood, Screws, Nails, Glue Hammer, Saw, Clamps, Screw drivers Gluing Plans Materials Tools Process Input Capital Measuring Right Type Of Wood Sawing Building Feedback Correct Finish Smooth Finish Planning Noise Sawing Finished Bookcase Output Waste Correct Size Painting Staining Hammering Sawdust

Medical Stress test Patient Testing Equipment Test Facility Walking On Treadmill X-ray Technician Nurse Feedback Results are Incomplete Results are good Results Are bad X-ray taken Process Input Doctor Electrodes measure heart rate Barium Dye injected for X-ray Patient Gets tired from workout Time for Waiting for test Output Test Results Are Collected Test Does Not Work Equipment Works to get test results

Standards Addressed n Standard 2. Students will develop an understanding of the core concepts of technology. • W. Systems thinking applies logic and creativity with appropriate compromises in complex real-life problems. • X. Systems, which are the building blocks within larger technological, social, and environmental systems.

Standards Addressed Continued • Y. The stability of a technological system is influenced by all of the components of a system, especially those in the feedback loop. Standard 14: Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use medical technologies. • K. Medical technologies include prevention and rehabilitation, medical and surgical procedures, genetic engineering, and the systems within which is protected and maintained