DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF GRINDING ATTACHMENT ON LATHE

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF GRINDING ATTACHMENT ON LATHE MACHINE

CONTENTS �ABSTRACT �INTRODUCTION �OVER VIEW OF LATHE MACHINE �OVER VIEW OF GRINDING MACHINE �COMPONENTS ON ATTACHMENT �APPLICATIONS OF GRINDING ON LATHE �ADVANTAGES �DISADVANTAGES �FUTURE SCOPE �CONCLUSION

ABSTRACT �Grinding attachment is special attachment which is purposely made for lathe to perform grinding operation in lathe. While in turning or facing process we can obtain only Max 2 delta surface finish with tool marks. But by this attachment we can obtain 4 Delta surface finish without tool marks and scoring marks.

INTRODUCTION �In modern manufacturing and assembling, high dimensional accuracy and fine surface finish play an important role. The grinding process is commonly used as finishing process. �One of the best low cost methods of producing such parts is by a cylindrical grinding attachment on a lathe machine. Lathe present study heavy duty lathe was retrofitted with a grinding attachment.

OVER VIEW OF LATHE MACHINE � A lathe is a machine that shapes pieces of material. The most common lathes are woodworking ones. The wood sits between two parts of the lathe called the headstock and the tailstock. � The two parts hold the work in place and spin it quickly. When using wooden lathes the pieces are shaped by hand with a chisel, while lathes that shape other materials, such as metal, have chisels attached to an adjustable carriage that holds the cutting tools in contact with the spinning metal. The carriage is controlled remotely by the operator.

Line diagram of lathe

Operations of lathe machine v. Facing v. Turning v. Drilling v. Tapering v. Threading v. Boring v. Chamfering

Over view on grinding machine �Grinding is a process of removing material metal by the application of abrasives which are bonded to from a rotating wheel. The work piece rotates about a fixed axis and the surfaces machined are concentric to that the axis. �Grinding is used to finish work pieces that must show high surface quality. As the accuracy in dimensions in grinding is of the order of 0. 000025 mm, in most applications it tends to be a finishing operation and removes comparatively little metal, about 0. 25 to 0. 50 mm depth.

SURFACE GRINDING �Surface grinding is used to produce a smooth finish on flat surfaces. It is a widely used abrasive machining process in which a spinning wheel covered in rough particles (grinding wheel) cuts chips of metallic or non metallic substance from a work piece, making a face of it flat or smooth.

Components of attachment on lathe �Motor �Grinding wheel �Shaft �Mounting plate

Motor �Motor is a device, which creates a motion that the electrical energy converts into mechanical energy. �In this attachment we can use AC(alternate current) motor for rotating the grinding wheel.

SPECIATIONS FOR MOTOR motor alternate current horse power 1/6 rpm 2800 phase 1 or 3 Kilo watts 0. 37 cycle ~50 volts 220

Grinding wheel � A grinding wheel is a wheel composed of an abrasive compound and used for various grinding (abrasive cutting) and abrasive machining operations. Such wheels are used in grinding machines. � It is a hard abrasives called grits.

Speciations of grinding wheel � Abrasive Grinding Wheel � Carborundum Universal � Aluminium Oxide or silicon carbide � 200 mm Diameter � 20 mm Thickness � 31. 75 Bore � Max. Speed 4200 Rpm � Grain size 60 microns � Hardness - I

Mounting plate A MS plate of 12" × 6“ (inches) is employed for this attachment. The plate is placed on the lathe after removing Tool post from it. The plate bears the whole weight of the attachment.

Shaft � The Rotating shaft ( dia 17 mm, length 20 cm) is used for the rotation of the Grinding wheel; the power from the motor is transmitted to the rotating shaft through motor. The rotating shaft is inserted into the motor.

Assembling of Grinding machine �Grinding is used to finish work pieces that must show high surface quality (e. g. , low surface roughness) and high accuracy of shape and dimension

Working process of surface grinding � The surface grinder is composed of an abrasive wheel, the work piece is holding by the chuck and the motor switch is on then the wheel is rotating then the feed is given, then unwanted material will be removed.

Lubrications for different materials WORK MATERIAL CUTTING FLUIDS HARDNESS (Approximately) 1 Pascal= 1 N/m 2 = 1 Kg/m Aluminium, copper Light duty oils 160 -550 MPA, 235 -850 MPA Steel, magnesium Light duty oils 120 -450 MPA, 200 -425 MPA Gray Cast iron, , Heavy duty oils stainless steel 180 -220 MPA, 250 -505 MPA Mild steel 120 -500 MPA Heavy duty water soluble oils

Grinding attachment on lathe parameters UNITS PARAMERTS LEVEL HIGH LEVEL LOW m/mm Work speed 15 6 mm/rev feed 0. 3 0. 1 Micro meters Depth of cut 100 50

Assembling of Grinding Attachment on lathe

Estimation of price According to market price �Lathe machine - 1, 75, 000 �Surface grinding machine - 1, 26, 000 But our project price is Grinding attachment on lathe by using scarp - 35, 000

Applications of Grinding Attachment On Lathe �Automobile industries �Manufacturing industries �Small scale manufacturing industries �Surface finishing process

Do and Dont’s While cutting the material �Wear the safety dress. �Wear the glasses. �Lubricant will be used. �Wear Gloves for safety. �Don't give feeding continues because the material and grinding wheel will be damaged.

Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages �Fixture cost is low. �No need of purchase special machine for this. �Production cost is low. Disadvantages �Accuracy is little bit low.

Scope of future A further object of the invention is the provision of a grinding machine which is mounted on the compound slide of a lathe in a manner so as to be swung to various grinding positions not heretofore possible in prior machines of the nature.

�B YOGESWARARAO �D POLINAIDU �N SAI MANIKANTA REDDY �CH GOPAYA �CH SURESH