DESI Overview Michael Levi LBNL DESI Director M

DESI Overview Michael Levi (LBNL) DESI Director M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 1

Outline • • Introduction, history of project DESI Scientific Collaboration DESI MIE Project DESI Operations Science Model Variations on Model Risks Questions M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 2

DESI Introduction • History — 2009 Big. BOSS proposed; PASAG (recommends R&D) — 2010 Decadal survey recommendations; contingent award 500 nights on Mayall — 2011 DESpec proposal for Blanco; Big. BOSS DOE R&D review — 2012 • • Rocky-III report recommends a Stage IV BAO spectroscopic survey NSF Portfolio review recommends divestment of Mayall DOE issues Mission Need Statement (CD-0) for MS-DESI DOE Assignment to LBNL as lead lab for MS-DESI, charged to combine the Big. BOSS and DESpec collaborations into one — 2013 • DOE & NSF Agency Statement of Principles • DESI Science alternatives analysis recommends Mayall telescope • NSF budget may support Mayall through 2017, community letter — 2014 • P 5 recommends DESI in all but most austere budget scenario • CD 1 review scheduled for Sept. 9 -11, 2014 M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 3

Mission Need Statement • • CD-0 Mission Need issued Sept. 2012 for a Stage-IV spectroscopic survey to study dark energy & test gravity Will use Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) & Redshift Space Distortion (RSD) techniques — 1. Determine as well as possible whether the accelerating expansion is consistent with a cosmological constant. — 2. Measure as well as possible any time evolution of the dark energy. — 3. Search for a possible failure of general relativity through comparison of the effect of dark energy on cosmic expansion with the effect of dark energy on the growth of cosmological structures like galaxies or galaxy clusters. • • Survey between end of DES (2018) and start of LSST (2022) DOE Cost with contingency: $25 M -- $42 M in then year (TY$), ($42 M presented to P 5) Option 1: DOE will provide new instrumentation and expanded capabilities to an existing NSF or private ground-based observatory for studying dark energy using a spectroscopic survey. In this Option, DOE is responsible for the required operations of the telescope facility MNS: CD-1 FY 13, CD-2 FY 14, CD-3 FY: 15, CD-4 FY 18 M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 4

Outline • • Introduction, history of project DESI Scientific Collaboration DESI MIE Project DESI Operations Science Model Variations on Model Risks Questions M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 5

DESI Collaboration • Collaboration: — # collaborators = 180, # HEP-funded = 72 — # institutions = 42, # HEP-funded = 18 — # countries = 12 • Project & Scientific Leadership — Director: Levi — Spokespersons: Eisenstein, Wechsler — Project Scientists: Flaugher, Schlegel — Instrument Scientist: Bebek — Science Working Groups: (8 chairs, 8 co-chairs) — Bright-time Committee: Kron, chair — See: https: //desi. lbl. gov/trac/wiki/Public. Pages/Contacts M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 6

DESI Collaboration (May 2014) M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 7

DESI Organization & Funding Model • DESI Experiment — LBNL is responsible lab for delivering the Dark Energy scientific expt. • DESI Experiment has three main components — DESI MIE project 2015 - 2018 • Funded by DOE + collaboration buy-in (incl. foundations) • Currently working on CD 1 review, Sept. 9 -11, 2014 — DESI DE Operations 2019 - 2023 • Funded by DOE + collaboration buy-in • DOE->LBL->NOAO for telescope operations (by a subcontract) — DESI Science Collaboration 2014 – 2023 • • • Currently led by DESI Spokespersons (D. Eisenstein, R. Wechsler) Institutional Board represents membership Develop science requirements Establish science working groups Carry out science program Responsible for membership and publication policy M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 8

DESI Collaboration Governance Bylaws (ratified June, 2013) — Director of LBNL appoints DESI lead, LBNL is responsible for the construction, operations of instrument, and scientific success. — DESI Director has final authority over the technical and scientific direction of the project(s) or survey(s) and operational plans… — Spokespersons is a delegated authority, elected position(s) — Spokespersons manage the inner-workings of the collaboration — Collaborators “buy-in” @ $200 K (or equiv. ) per senior person M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 9

Collaboration Funds • Foundation sources: — $2. 1 M funded from Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF), $1. 15 M from Heising-Simons Foundation (proposal invited/submitted), Research Corp. (in discussion), $0. 21 M from GBMF (“likely”). • • • Common Fund is managed by UCB on behalf of the collaboration. (MOU between LBNL & UCB in place) Common Fund cash sources: MOU signed or in prep: Carnegie Mellon, Durham Univ. , ETH Zurich, Korea Astro. & Space Sci. Inst. , U. Michigan, Ohio State Univ. , Univ. Mexico, many more in discussion. Total Collaboration Funds = $8000 K (incl. foundation) Additional collaboration funds are likely Propose to spend $6500 K on fabrication (long-lead procurements), ~$1500 K on BT operations – requires presentation to DESI SC Institutional Board. NERSC non-DE allocation from Director’s discretionary M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 10

Substantial non-DOE Investment DOE Charge: “LBNL will be responsible for arranging for in-kind contributions to MS-DESI in consultation with HEP. ” Deliverables Funding Source Coating of ADC lenses, design and fabrication of lens cells, installation of lenses in the barrel Focal plate manufacture (10 machined and drilled wedges) United Kingdom: Science and Technology Facilities Council Spanish Ministry of Sciences, Education and Sports 5, 000 fiber positioners U. Michigan, Spain, Switzerland 5, 000 fibers with ferrules, bundled into cables with 10 slit-head assemblies United Kingdom: Science and Technology Facilities Council Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Saclay (France) 30 Cryostats, with detectors installed. Imaging survey required to create target catalog National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), University of Arizona PEP Table 4 M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 11

UK Support for DESI From: <Colin. Vincent@stfc. ac. uk> Subject: DESI Date: 18 November 2013 11: 00: 58 GMT To: <will. percival@port. ac. uk> Cc: <o. lahav@ucl. ac. uk>, Simon. Berry@stfc. ac. uk UK Team requested 2. 8 MGBP ~ $4. 5 M Reviewed: Sept 5, 2013 CSM Review: Sept 19, 2014 Dear Will Following the very positive outcome of the recent STFC Science Board, I am pleased to write that support from STFC for the UK role in DESI is on track. Science Board requires a technical and managerial review of the proposal, via its projects review panel (PPRP), but this is to check that the detail of the proposal is acceptable and that there has been proper consideration of the risks associated with commitment. The subsequent report to Science Board is invariably accepted and, though it may modify the scale of the total approval, it is unlikely to lead to a negative outcome. As you know, STFC still awaits the outcome of its budget for 2015/16, and has not released its Programmatic Review. This process will be completed, at the latest, before the end of our Financial Year, but hopefully sooner. In advance of the final Science Board endorsement and STFC approval, I am happy to assure you that the likelihood of STFC support is high and would be happy for you to make your DESI partners aware of this current status. Wishing you every success. Regards Colin Dr C Vincent, Head of Astronomy Division, STFC M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 12

Outline • • Introduction, history of project DESI Scientific Collaboration DESI MIE Project DESI Operations Science Model Variations on Model Risks Questions M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 13

Responsibility Coordination Funding DESI experiment model, 7/25/14 DESI Experiment - Fabrication Phase DOE & NSF Coordination Group DOE + Contributions Research support (private, agency, institution etc. ) NSF LBNL: DESI Experiment Director (Dark Energy & Astronomy surveys) DOE + Contributions NOAO: Telescope Facility – maintenance & DESI preparations LBNL: DESI Project spectrograph fabrication (DOE MIE Project for spectrograph ) -PD/PM - Proj/Instr Scientists Instrument (Corrector, Fiber, Spectrographs, etc) Data Systems (target selection, survey planning, pipeline, data mgt) DESI Collaboration - Institutional Board, Spokesperson, SWG ‘s Science analysis and simulation Dark Energy science groups Astronomy science groups 14

Fabrication Funding Sources All values in $M Swiss, 0. 9 Spain, 2. 4 NOAO, 2. 2 France, 3. 3 UK, 4. 648 Collaboration, 6. 6 DOE, 42 M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting DOE Collaboration UK France Spain NOAO Swiss 15

MIE Project Scope The DESI project will build: A new corrector and top-ring for the telescope creating an 8 deg 2 FOV 5000 fiber positioners (robots) to gather light from galaxies A fiber optic system to transport the light to spectrographs Ten 3 -arm spectrographs of medium resolution based upon the BOSS design Instrument controls and data processing Construction project ends when equipment is delivered to Mayall Assumes current Mayall performance (Valdes & Dey) M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 16

DESI Hardware & Software Elements 1. 2 Corrector 1. 3 Cage & Barrel 1. 9 AI&T 1. 4 Focal Plate 1. 5 Fiber System 1. 7 Instrument Control System 1. 8 Data System 1. 6 Spectrograph M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 17

Schedule Graphic M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 18

DOE Cost/Milestones • Cost estimate assumes requested funding profile • Early delivery of corrector to Mayall Jan 2018 OPC TEC TPC FY 15 6. 5 0 6. 5 FY 16 3. 5 10. 7 14. 2 FY 17 0 14. 2 FY 18 0 3. 7 Total 10. 1 28. 6 38. 7 Milestone Title TY$M PEP Table 10 Schedule Date CD-0 Approve Mission Need 09/30/12 (A) CD-1 CD-2 CD-3 Approve Alternative Selection and Cost Range Approve Performance Baseline Approve Start of Construction Q 4 FY 2014 Q 3 FY 2015 Q 1 FY 2016 Early Delivery Q 1 FY 2018 PEP Table 6 M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 19

Outline • • Introduction, history of project DESI Scientific Collaboration DESI MIE Project DESI Operations Science Model Variations on Model Risks Questions M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 20

Responsibility Coordination Funding DESI experiment model, 7/25/14 DESI Experiment - Operations Phase DOE & NSF Coordination Group DOE + contributions Research support (private, agency, institution etc. ) NSF LBNL: DESI Experiment Director DOE + contributions NOAO: Telescope Facility – operations DESI Collaboration - Institutional Board, Spokesperson, SWG’s LBNL: DESI Operations - Operations Manager - Survey Scientist(s) Survey Planning (target selection, software) Spectrograph Operations Data Systems Operations (acquisition, processing) Data Pipelines, processing, archiving, serving Science analysis Dark Energy data Dark Energy science groups Astronomy data Astronomy Data Astronomy science groups 21

Collaboration Data Systems • DESI MIE costs for computing only includes management & support ($2 M). Coding comes from collaboration. — Bylaws: all members contribute to infrastructure. — Limited code release at end of proprietary period. — Equivalent to 145 FTE from research programs • DESI data processing to be performed at NERSC — Dark Energy: Uses HEP allocation ~20 M CPU-hrs/yr — Non-DE: Uses NERSC Director’s time ~few-M CPU-hrs/yr M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 22

Collaboration Data Systems (all responsibilities in the Project) Imaging catalogs Imaging data (DESI footprint only) Target selection Survey planning tools Fiber assignment code Interface with operations (ie. , real-time reductions) Data transfer (NOAO tools) + archiving Spectro pipeline Spectral extraction + calibration Redshifts + classifications No detailed stellar parameter code on project Large-scale structure pipeline Internal + public data releases M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 23

Data Systems for DESI Key Project 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 -2023 Management of Data Sys 0. 5 0. 6 0. 8 Target selection pipeline 0. 7 2. 3 2. 4 2. 1 2. 7 1 1 1. 3 Survey planning Long-term planning 0. 2 0. 1 0. 8 0. 6 0. 8 Fiber assignment 0. 8 1 1. 2 1. 5 QA interface 0. 2 0 1 1 1. 3 Spectroscopic pipeline 4. 8 6. 3 5. 7 6. 0 7. 8 Data transfer, archive, distribution 0. 8 0. 5 0. 7 0. 9 Data systems integration 0. 5 1. 2 0. 8 1. 4 2. 0 Total FTE 8. 7 12. 3 14. 5 14. 6 19. 1/yr 145 FTE of Scientist in-kind, real contributions of research time M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 24

DESI Instrument Operations Item Management Cost/yr $0. 9 M Operations Manager Survey Coordinator Data Q/A Manager Instrument Technical Support Instrument engineer (2) Instrument technician (2) Maintenance Computing Pipeline Coordinator Computer Professional Disk Drives M&S, Travel Total $1. 1 M $0. 6 M $0. 4 M $3. 0 M ($ in FY 14) M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 25

NOAO Operations Costs • • • KPNO Site Director + Admin (2 FTE) Mayall Telescope Scientist (1 FTE) Facility Manager (1 FTE) Telescope Operators (3 FTE) Maintenance staff (13. 5 FTE) Observing Scientists to be provided by DESI-SC M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 26

DESI-NOAO Communications • Regular Telecons — Executive Board, weekly; Blum/Allen — Interface working group, bi-weekly — Software group, weekly — Technical Board, weekly — Corrector Design working group, bi-weekly — Installation & Commissioning task force • Interface Control Documents — Telescope or Facility Capacities: owned by NOAO, concurrence by LBNL required — Instrument Requirements: owned by LBNL/DESI, concurrence by NOAO required — Draft N 2 diagram in place > 1 year, not yet under change control but fairly mature M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 27

DESI, NOAO ES&H • DESI Safety Manager (Marty White) — Responsible for projectwide standards — Ensures local safety programs at each site are compatible • With each other • With project-wide stds — Reports to the LBL Phys. Division Director • NOAO Safety Manager (Tammie Lavoie) — Responsible for safety standards for all Tucson & Kitt Peak work — Works with DESI safety mgr to coordinate — Inspires safety culture locally — Reports to KPNO Director Follows DES, LSST, SDSS approach: each site responsible for its own safety standards, local standards apply locally; Project ensures coordination M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 28

NOAO - DESI, Contacts M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 29

DESI Preparatory Activities by NOAO Note that until end of FY 15, it is assumed that all NOAO payroll and nonpayroll costs are covered by NOAO. After FY 15, it is assumed that NOAO payroll is funded by NOAO, but non-payroll costs are funded by DOE. NOAO FY 15 FY 16 FY 17 TOTAL Effort (base) $570 K $560 K $970 K $2100 K DESI Preparatory Activities by NOAO staff: • DESI Installation Planning/Hardware • Proto. DESI Installation & Observations • Large Coude Room Preparations • Facility Uninterruptable Power Supply • TCS/ICS Interface Development • Control Room Annex • M 1 Cover mods • Data backbone • Prepare Mayall Garage • Computer Room Layout • Fiber View Camera Mount M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 30

Funding Source Summary DESI Program Phases & costs FY 14 FY 15 FY 16 FY 17 FY 18 FY 19+ DESI Project R&D MIE OPC DESI Project Fab Common Fund MIE TEC NSF Telescope prep. & maintenance up to Installation phase DESI/Telescope Installation & commissioning DESI Operations - Telescope/Instrument DESI Operations - Data collection for dark energy survey DESI Operations - Data collection for DESI-SC non-DE survey DESI Operations - Data pipelines, processing for dark energy survey DESI Operations - Data pipelines, processing for DESI-SC non-DE survey DESI - dark energy science analysis, serving, archiving, public release DESI – non-DE science analysis, serving, archiving, public release NSF Bridge DOE DOE DOE Collaboration/N OAO Collaboration DOE Collaboration/N OAO NOTES: DOE funding means primarily DOE with in-kind, partner $ contributions collected Collaboration funding means private $ contributions collected M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 31

Outline • • Introduction, history of project DESI Scientific Collaboration DESI MIE Project DESI Operations Science Model Variations on Model Risks Questions M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 32

Science Model • Observing Time Requirements — 5 years — 65% “dark hours”, suitable for the Key Project: • Dark time defined in science alternatives report 4/2013 • < 60% moon fraction AND (moon fraction)*(moon elevation) < 30 degrees. — 10% engineering time (~3 days/lunation) — 25% “bright hours” M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 33

Science Model Date 1 March 2 March 3 March 4 March 5 March 6 March 7 March 8 March 9 March 10 March 11 March 12 March 13 March 14 March 15 March 16 March 17 March 18 March 19 March 20 March 21 March 22 March 23 March 24 March 25 March 26 March 27 March 28 March Dark hours Bright hours 9. 73 9. 70 9. 68 9. 63 9. 58 9. 53 9. 50 7. 58 2. 15 1. 30 0 0 0 1. 25 2. 18 3. 12 3. 98 9. 00 8. 97 8. 92 8. 90 8. 85 8. 82 8. 78 8. 73 M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 0 0 0 0 1. 88 7. 28 8. 10 8. 85 9. 32 9. 28 9. 27 9. 22 8. 90 7. 88 6. 92 5. 97 5. 05 0 0 0 0 3 Weeks: DESI BAO Key Project & Bright Galaxy RSD Survey 1 Week: Brightest nights, including engineering time Full Moon 3 Weeks: DESI BAO Key Project & Bright Galaxy RSD Survey 34 DOE-NSF Meeting

DESI Collaboration Interests • Because the DESI Science Collaboration is based on paid memberships, from both U. S. and international partners, it is very important that the bright-time structure does not undercut our membership structure. • Funds raised by the DESI Science Collaboration are critical to getting on-sky ASAP. • The DESI SC has substantial future ambitions for institutional fund-raising. • The DESI SC can bring funding to offset the cost of the non -cosmology portion of its bright-time program. M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 35

Proposed Full-Month Utilization • During each lunar cycle: — 21 darkest nights operated by DESI SC: • 1920 hours of dark observations/yr (Key Project) • 440 hours of bright observations/yr (Bright Galaxy RSD Survey) • All nights have dark-time observations, will be fully staffed by DESI SC for Dark Energy observations. — 7 brightest nights, to include: • 430 hours of bright observations/yr for NOAO-led competitive access. • 310 hours of engineering time/yr (ie. 3 days)/mo — Annual totals exclude 45 day monsoon period, used for engineering. M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 36

Science Model Date 1 March 2 March 3 March 4 March 5 March 6 March 7 March 8 March 9 March 10 March 11 March 12 March 13 March 14 March 15 March 16 March 17 March 18 March 19 March 20 March 21 March 22 March 23 March 24 March 25 March 26 March 27 March 28 March Dark hours Bright hours 9. 73 9. 70 9. 68 9. 63 9. 58 9. 53 9. 50 7. 58 2. 15 1. 30 0 0 0 1. 25 2. 18 3. 12 3. 98 9. 00 8. 97 8. 92 8. 90 8. 85 8. 82 8. 78 8. 73 M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 0 0 0 0 1. 88 7. 28 8. 10 8. 85 9. 32 9. 28 9. 27 9. 22 8. 90 7. 88 6. 92 5. 97 5. 05 0 0 0 0 3 Weeks: DESI BAO Key Project & Bright Galaxy RSD Survey 1 Week: Brightest nights, including engineering time Full Moon 3 Weeks: DESI BAO Key Project & Bright Galaxy RSD Survey 37 DOE-NSF Meeting

Proposed Full-Month Utilization • • Engineering time will be needed during the 7 bright nights. Ideally, it would be organized on a flexible basis. We anticipate that engineering time will average no more than 3 nights/month, averaged over the 5 years. — Will be front-loaded, i. e. , higher in the first year. — This can include all forms of telescope & instrument maintenance, tuning, and repairs. — Unused time to revert to NOAO program. Possible Operations Cost model: • 21 darkest nights (Dark Hours): DOE/LBNL • 21 darkest nights (Bright Hours): 50% DOE/LBNL, 50% DESI SC Common Fund — This matches the fiber utilization between cosmology & non-cosmo. • 7 brightest nights: NSF/NOAO, DOE/LBNL pro-rated by science/engineering split M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 38

DESI Bright Time Committee — — — Chair: Richard Kron (Chicago, FNAL) Carlos Allende-Prieto (Spain) Carles Badenes (Pittsburgh) Tim Beers (NOAO -> Notre Dame) Ray Carlberg (Toronto) Andrew Cooper (Durham) Marla Geha (Yale) Chris Miller (Michigan) Joan Najita (NOAO) Nikhil Padmanabhan (Yale) Connie Rockosi (UCSC) Ex-officio: Daniel Eisenstein (Harvard), Risa Wechsler (SLAC) BT committee Formal charge, report near completion. Recommending large galaxy survey (~10 M bright galaxies) to fill 50% of the fibers, large stellar program to fill the remaining 50%. M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 39

The Bright Galaxy Survey • • The DESI Science Collaboration has substantial interest in pursuing a survey of 10 M z<0. 4 bright galaxies in moony time. This has great benefit for the study of dark energy and cosmology and will further the DESI Key Project science goals. — Baryon Acoustic Oscillations at z<0. 4 over half the sky. Expect to reach 1% distance measurement. About 3 x better than BOSS at z<0. 4. — Redshift Space Distortions, as test of modified gravity. — Many 10 K low-z SN Ia host galaxy spectra; 6000 deg 2 LSST overlap. — Major opportunities for non-cosmological science, like SDSS. — Flux-limited survey x 15 times larger than the SDSS Main Sample. — Significant opportunities for cross-correlation studies with DES, LSST, Euclid & CMB lensing maps • High clustering of low-z galaxies implies that only a fraction of fibers can be utilizable for dark energy study. — Approximately half of the fibers go to the Dark Energy galaxy sample. — Remaining half would observe stars, which can be used for mapping the structure of the Milky Way halo and for stellar astrophysics. M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 40

Notional effort for stellar program integrated with DESI science collaboration 2015 Observing Preparations 2016 2017 1 1 Survey Planning/QA 0. 5 Stellar Pipeline 1 1 Science Infrastructure 1 1 Data releases Total FTE 2018 -2023 2 1. 5 3 3 4/yr * 30 FTE (~10 scientists for 8 years) * Additional effort may be necessary for 2 -D spectro pipeline * Most tasks can and should be done by collaboration scientists. Not a DOE funded activity. M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting

Outline • • Introduction, history of project DESI Scientific Collaboration DESI MIE Project DESI Operations Science Model Variations on Model Risks Questions M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 42

Bright-Night Models • Model #1: Per previous slides, NOAO runs competitive access during 7 bright nights, — Several possible models for the structure of that access (discussion on next slide), e. g. — #1 A: Observing programs merged with DESI SC. — #1 B: Separate observing programs & collaborations. • Model #2: If no NSF funding for model #1, then we could: — #2 A: Operate in BT only for engineering, not opening the telescope on other nights. • Modest savings in operations costs; loss of on-sky opportunity. — #2 B: The DESI SC can raise funds to restore some or all of the BT non-engineering time, e. g. , to extend the Bright Galaxy RSD Survey. M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 43

Model #1 A: Single Collaboration • NOAO may run a competition to appoint a limited number of US scientists to the DESI Science Collaboration with the stipulation that they follow the same governance (bylaws), contribute to the DESI collaboration, and limit their publications to their approved topic • These new partners would then join the collaboration to participate in the design of the bright-time program • US scientists only, please. — Concern: • Dangling opportunity for less expensive membership will freeze new DESI Science Collaboration membership fund-raising while call is resolved. This would limit exposure to just US. • NOAO provides additional support to DESI & BT scientists, serves BT data M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 44

Model #1 B Considerations • The DESI project does not have the funds or personnel to develop the instrument documentation, targeting software, and pipelines to the point of being able to support arbitrary guest user requests. — NOAO would fund costs associated with the DOE interface to the bright time users. This model levels new requirements on the DESI project and collaboration to have the instrument externally usable. • Any code needed to support an extended set of science topics would have to come from elsewhere. — NOAO is responsible for the software development to select, acquire and reduce the data as a stand-alone effort outside of the DESI collaboration. Data are released publicly in a separate bright time catalog. NOAO would additionally participate in the monitoring, maintenance, and repair of the instrument for its allocation. • • If there are to be externally run programs, the DESI Science Collaboration requests that the point of contact be highly limited. The DESI Science Collaboration is open to engaging NOAOselected investigators who seek to contribute to the common infrastructure, e. g. , for value-added pipelines. 45 M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting

Non-Cosmological Science in the DESI SC • • DOE HEP funds will support only the Dark Energy & Cosmology science utilization. The DESI Science Collaboration will process all the data with the standard NERSC-based pipeline. — Dark-hours data through the HEP allocation — Bright-hours data through the NERSC Director’s allocation • • • DESI data would become public after a proprietary period. Bright time observations not in support of the dark energy science program would occur only to the extent that the DESI SC builds an internal bright time science group that brings in buy-in funding to support the additional observing costs. The additional software effort will be provided by the interested brighttime scientists (and NOAO). M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 46

Outline • • Introduction, history of project DESI Scientific Collaboration DESI MIE Project DESI Operations Science Model Variations on Model Risks Questions M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 47

Risk Management — The MIE project has O 413 complaint risk management processes. Approx. ~$4 M is held as a risk management reserve for internal project risks • Technical, schedule, personnel • Corrector optics — External risks: • • • Loss of foreign funding, esp. STFC Loss of collaboration or foundation funding DOE funding profile Congressional MIE authorization Availability of Mayall and FY 18 KPNO ops if no DESI early delivery • Target catalog availability (primary: DECam, Bok, backup: Mosaic) M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 48

Questions for the Agency • End-of-mission possibilities: (1) extended observations, (2) move to South, (3) reinstall Mosaic corrector • Who funds preparatory labor at NOAO? • FY 18, who funds if DESI is late? • NOAO-DESI MOU as a scientific collaborating institution • What happens if extra-ordinary repair is required to telescope before or after 2018? M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 49

Backup M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 50

Mayall Preparation Activities M. Levi Aug. 8, 2014 DOE-NSF Meeting 51