Describing Trends in Graphs an upward trend a

Describing Trends in Graphs

an upward trend (a rising trend)

GO UP - GROWTH RISE INCREASE IMPROVEMENT - UPTURN SOAR - JUMP (SKY)ROCKET - SURGE - UPSURGE TAKE OFF TAKEOFF SHOOT UP - LEAP PEAK/REACH A PEAK TOP OUT -

to soar

to surge

to peak/reach a peak

a downward trend (a falling trend)

DECREASE GO DOWN - DECLINE DROP FALL (OFF) FALL SLIP - DOWNTURN SLIDE DIP PLUNGE PLUMMET NOSEDIVE SLUMP CRASH SINK - TUMBLE

to drop

to plummet

to tumble

ECONOMICS IS FLYING (AIR) • PLUMMET • COLLISION • TURBULENCE • NOSEDIVE • FREE-FALL • SPIRAL • LANDING • GO THROUGH THE ROOF “When interest rates went through the roof, so did Mr Macdonald!”

ECONOMICS IS DIVING (WATER) • PLUNGE • FLOAT • DIP • DIVE • SINK

ECONOMICS IS MOVING ON THE GROUND • TUMBLE • JUMP • TOPPLE • SLIDE • SLIP • WOBBLE • STAGGER • STUMBLE

Change of direction to bottom out to recover to rebound to revive

CHANGE OF DIRECTION to recover

to rebound 'Stocks rebounded from yesterday's losses on news that 'it aint over till it's over'. '

NO CHANGE • to remain stable • to level off/out • to stay at the same level • to remain constant • to stagnate • to stabilize

NO CHANGE to remain constant / to remain stable

Trends & movements - verbs

a dramatic fall

a substantial increase

Adjectives can be used to describe the degree or speed of change. Do you know the corresponding adverbs ? A dramatic fall An abrupt rise A sudden decline A moderate growth dramatically to fall ………………… to rise ………………. . abruptly to decline ……………… suddenly to grow ……………… moderately A slight increase A rapid drop A gradual decline A steady recovery Erratic sales A constant levelling off to increase ……………. . slightly to drop ………………… rapidly to decline …………… gradually to recover …………… steadily to sell …………………. . erratically to level off ……………… constantly

Look at these headlines and say whether the statements about them are true or false. F T T

Choose the correct verbs and try to connect them with appropriate graphs according to the type of change they describe: SLUMP 5 RISE 2 RECOVER 6 6 PICK UP PLUMMET 5 DROP 4 BOUNCE BACK 6 RALLY 6 TAKE OFF 1 FLUCTUATE 7 FALL 4 PLUNGE 5 SOAR 1 2 CLIMB CRASH 5 HOLD STEADY 3 FLATTEN OUT 3 SLIDE 4 ESCALATE 1 DECLINE 4 ROCKET 1 DIP 4

Choose the correct words. 1. There was a slightly/slight rise in profits last month. 2. We rose/increased our profits slightly/slight last month. 3. There was a sharp fall in/of our sales last quarter. 4. Our sales fell by/of 6% last quarter. 5. We fell/recovered our market share last quarter. 6. Our share price hit/beat a low/down last month, but it has since recuperated/recovered and now stands at/in $3. 89.

1. Our share price reached/met a top/peak in May, but it’s fallen back since then. 2. Inflation is increasing slow/slowly at the moment, in/by about 1% a year. 3. There is a slow/slowly increase in/of the rate of inflation, of/by about 1% a year. 4. Operating profits went from $2. 5 m to/until $3. 1 m. 5. Dividends paid to shareholders raised/rose by 6%. Last year they fell/cut. 6. This year we raised/rose dividends to shareholders. Last year we fell/cut them.

1 Production started climbing steadily but flattened off at a level of around 70. Since then, it has fallen steadily.

2 Production grew more and more rapidly over the first three quarters but then reached a peak. Since then, it has quickly dropped.

3 Production grew rapidly in the first quarter, but reached a plateau of about 70. Since then it has remained more or less stable.

4 Production has dropped slowly but steadily over the year.

5 Production started the year in a stable position, but then plunged in the third quarter. It has now flattened out at a level of 20.

6 After a considerable drop in the first two quarters, production bottomed out at 20. Since then it has started to rise.

7 Production fell considerably over the first three quarters, reaching a low of 20. Since then it has staged a partial recovery.

8 Production has fluctuated all year.

DRAW GRAPHS USING THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: • After a three-year period of stability, the level of investment soared. • Since the late 1990 s, immigration has been rising in most OECD countries. This followed a sharp downturn from the start of the decade. • After a sharp rise, sales levelled off during the period September-November, when they plunged again at the end of the year. • Sales crashed last week following a slight rise. • The share price reached a peak before falling a little and then maintaining the same level.