Describing Trends in Graphs an upward trend a

Describing Trends in Graphs

an upward trend (a rising trend)

GO UP - GROWTH RISE INCREASE IMPROVEMENT - UPTURN SOAR - JUMP (SKY)ROCKET - SURGE - UPSURGE TAKE OFF TAKEOFF SHOOT UP - LEAP PEAK/REACH A PEAK TOP OUT -

a downward trend (a falling trend)

DECREASE GO DOWN - DECLINE DROP FALL (OFF) FALL SLIP - DOWNTURN SLIDE DIP PLUNGE PLUMMET NOSEDIVE SLUMP CRASH SINK - TUMBLE

ECONOMICS IS FLYING (AIR) • PLUMMET • COLLISION • TURBULENCE • NOSEDIVE • FREE-FALL • SPIRAL • LANDING • GO THROUGH THE ROOF “When interest rates went through the roof, so did Mr Macdonald!”

ECONOMICS IS DIVING (WATER) • PLUNGE • FLOAT • DIP • DIVE • SINK

ECONOMICS IS MOVING ON THE GROUND • TUMBLE • JUMP • TOPPLE • SLIDE • SLIP • WOBBLE • STAGGER • STUMBLE

Change of direction to recover to rebound to revive

NO CHANGE • to remain stable • to level off/out • to stay at the same level • to remain constant • to stagnate • to stabilize

a dramatic fall

a substantial increase

Peaks and troughs • If a figure rises to a level and then stops rising, remaining at that level, it levels off/out and remains steady or off/out remains steady stable • If a figure reaches its highest level – a peak – and then goes down, it peaks at peaks that level. • If it reaches its lowest level – a trough – trough and then bottoms out, it falls to that level bottoms out and then starts rising again.

Boom and bust • A boom is when there is rising demand, and other boom indicators are strong. • Stagnation is when the economy is growing Stagnation slowly, or not at all. • Stagflation is when slow growth is combined with Stagflation prices that are increasing fast. • Recession is a period when there is negative Recession growth, a period when the economy is producing growth less. A slump is a very bad recession. A slump depression is a very bad slump. depression

Adjectives can be used to describe the degree or speed of change. Do you know the corresponding adverbs ? A dramatic fall An abrupt rise A sudden decline A moderate growth dramatically to fall ………………… to rise ………………. . abruptly to decline ……………… suddenly to grow ……………… moderately A slight increase A rapid drop A gradual decline A steady recovery Erratic sales A constant levelling off to increase ……………. . slightly to drop ………………… rapidly to decline …………… gradually to recover …………… steadily to sell …………………. . erratically to level off ……………… constantly

Choose the correct verbs and try to connect them with appropriate graphs according to the type of change they describe: SLUMP 5 RISE 2 RECOVER 6 6 PICK UP PLUMMET 5 DROP 4 BOUNCE BACK 6 RALLY 6 TAKE OFF 1 FLUCTUATE 7 FALL 4 PLUNGE 5 SOAR 1 2 CLIMB CRASH 5 HOLD STEADY 3 FLATTEN OUT 3 SLIDE 4 ESCALATE 1 DECLINE 4 ROCKET 1 DIP 4

1 Production started climbing steadily but flattened off at a level of around 70. Since then, it has fallen steadily.

2 Production grew more and more rapidly over the first three quarters but then reached a peak. Since then, it has quickly dropped.

3 Production grew rapidly in the first quarter, but reached a plateau of about 70. Since then it has remained more or less stable.

4 Production has dropped slowly but steadily over the year.

5 Production started the year in a stable position, but then plunged in the third quarter. It has now flattened out at a level of 20.

6 Production fell considerably over the first three quarters, bottoming out at 20. Since then it has staged a partial recovery.

7 Production has fluctuated all year.

8 Production started off steady, but fell sharply in the last quarter.

9 Production showed a marginal rise in the first three quarters, but then suffered a sharp drop.

DRAW GRAPHS USING THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: • • • After a three-year period of stability, the level of investment soared. Since the late 1990 s, immigration has been rising in most OECD countries. This followed a sharp downturn from the start of the decade. After a sharp rise, sales levelled off during the period September-November, when they plunged again at the end of the year. Sales crashed last week following a slight rise. Despite a rise in May the situation worsened again in June and prices slumped once more to another alltime low at the end of July. At the end of June, sales stood at $ 76 m, having fallen from a previous all-time high of $136 m in May.

Suggested video • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=L 0 Mr. O 9 AGmw