Describing Matter 1 1 Properties of Matter Hardness

Describing Matter 1. 1

Properties of Matter • • • Hardness, shape, texture, temperature, flammability, size, color, and p. H are all examples of properties of matter Matter can change properties o water can change from solid to liquid to gas 3 principal states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas

Characteristic properties • Characteristic Property: properties of matter that hold true no matter what the sample is can be used to identify unknown matter o Boiling Point temperature at which a liquid boils. o Melting Point temperature at which a solid melts o

Changes in Matter • • Physical Change alter the form of a substance, but not it’s identity o phase change, separating the parts of a substance, mixing, change in shape Chemical Change: substances combine or break apart to form new substances o When the process in complete, the original substance no longer exists. o Ex: burning wood o Chemical Activity: ability of a substance to undergo

Types of Matter • • Matter is classified by its composition (what it is made up of) Two general categories: mixtures and pure substances

Mixture • Mixture two or more substances that are in the same place, but not chemically combined individual substances keep their separate properties o individual substances can be separated o • Solution A mixture that is blended so well, it looks like one single substance

• • • Pure Substance made of only one kind of matter and has definite properties o every sample of a pure substance is always the same Elements pure substances that can’t be broken down into other substances o elements form everything! Compounds a substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined o Ex: water is hydrogen and oxygen o properites of a compound are different than the properties of the elements that form the compound

Matter is all Around You! Matter is the stuff that makes up everything in the universe