Describing Indigenous Collections Classification Subject Headings and Metadata

Describing Indigenous Collections Classification, Subject Headings, and Metadata Enhancement Practices at the UBC Xwi 7 xwa Library Adolfo R. Tarango Head, Technical Services UBC Library Big Heads Virtual Meeting June 19, 2020

Acknowledgments Institutional facts and figures Xwi 7 xwa Library Classification System First Nations House of Learning Thesaurus Names of Indigenous Nations and groups First Nations scripts and syllabics Other Indigenous metadata record enhancements Indigenous Metadata Working Group

Land Acknowledgement UBC Vancouver is located on the traditional, ancestral, and unceded territory of the xʷməθkʷəy əm (Musqueam) Peoples

One Hand Back … Alec Brian Deer Kahnawake Mohawk elder and librarian Developed Brian Deer Classification System Gene Joseph Xwi 7 xwa Library Head Librarian from 1995 -1997 Adapted Deer Classification for Xwi 7 xwa Library Created initial list of Indigenous subject terms Ann Doyle Xwi 7 xwa Library Head Librarian from 1997 -2017 Advocated for ongoing use of Indigenous classification system and subject headings

… One Hand Forward Xwi 7 xwa Library Staff Sarah Dupont, Branch Head Tamis Cochrane, Access Services Assistant Karleen Delaurier-Lyle, Information Services Librarian Kim Lawson, Reference Librarian Eleanore Wellwood, Technical Services Assistant Indigenous Metadata Working Group Krisztina Laszlo, Archivist & Chair Sue Andrews, Principal Cataloger Danielle Bugeaud, Cataloguing Librarian Sarah Dupont, Branch Head Kim Lawson, Reference Librarian Eirian Vining, Digital Projects Librarian Eleanore Wellwood, Technical Services Assistant

UBC Library http: //www. library. ubc. ca/ Single library with 14 branches and divisions on two campuses Two high-density storage facilities, ASRS (on-campus) & PARC (offcampus, preservation controlled) with combined capacity of over 3 million volumes Over 7 million physical items, with access to over 4 million electronic resources UBC Library

Xwi 7 xwa Library https: //xwi 7 xwa. library. ubc. ca/ Originated as resource centre for Native Indian Teacher Education Program (NITEP) in 1974 Opened as Library for the UBC First Nations House of Learning in 1993 Squamish Nation Chief Simon Baker gifted the name Xwi 7 xwa, which means echo in the Squamish language Became Branch of UBC Library in 2005 Collects resources created by Indigenous peoples, pertaining to Indigenous topics, and/or supporting Indigenous teaching and research Over 20, 000 items - monographs, serials, audiovideo, streaming media, kits, games, archival materials, and artifacts Logo, photo curtesy Xwi 7 xwa Library

Xwi 7 xwa Library Classification System https: //xwi 7 xwa-library-10 nov 2016. sites. olt. ubc. ca/files/2019/06/Xwi 7 xwa-Classification-ver-04 March 2013 P. pdf Derived from Brian Deer Classification Scheme Reflects Indigenous knowledge organization viewpoint Not a fixed scheme (good) Adaptable to institutional needs and collection area strengths Ideal for small and specialized collections Not a fixed scheme (bad) Institutions cannot collaboratively maintain the scheme Does not scale up for use with large collections B History – BC … BJ COAST SALISH BJA BJB BJC BJF BJJ BJM BJS HAISLA COMOX SQUAMISH SECHELT STRAITS MUSQUEAM STO: LO BKD BKE BKN BKO STL'ATL'IMX (Lillooet) SECWEPEMC (Shuswap) NLAKA'PAMUX (Thompson) OKANAGAN BNA BNC BND BNJ BNM BNN CARRIER SEKANI DUNNE ZA (Beaver) KASKA-DENE TS'ILHQOT'IN TAHLTAN BK INTERIOR SALISH BM KTUNAXA (Kootenay, Kinbasket) BN ATHAPASCAN

First Nations House of Learning Thesaurus Compilation of terms began by Gene Joseph, continued by Ann Doyle Reflects ideas and concepts not covered by LCSH Provides alternative terms for LCSH terms consider obsolete, inadequate, or pejorative fnhl - MARC subject heading/term source code approved in 2005 When present in OCLC master record, in 650 field with $2 fnhl About 250 topical headings currently in use Heading string construction pattern is: Nation Group – Topical subdivision – Geographic subdivision Form/Genre entered in separate 655 field

First Nations House of Learning Thesaurus

Names of Indigenous Nations and Groups https: //xwi 7 xwa-library-10 nov 2016. sites. olt. ubc. ca/files/2019/09/B. C. Names_. pdf First Nations, Metis and Inuit - Indigenous Ontologies (FNMIIO) issued by the CFLA-FCAB’s Indigenous Matters Committee’s - Red Team -Joint Working Group on Classification and Subject Headings and the National Indigenous Knowledge and Language Alliance (NIKLA): https: //docs. google. com/spreadsheets/d/e/2 PACX-1 v. SOKcm 9 HB 28 i. Sq. NN 3 s. Qd 5 h. V 7 b. MLMGp. Ce. GL 0 dk. Qgyg 2 Ai. ZAMWUF 0 sp 98 Gyx. Iv. LXYIWq. SZ 3 n. X_j_q 4 UN/pubhtml

First Nations Scripts and Syllabics

Indigenous Metadata Record Enhancements Statement of responsibility: Transcribe all Indigenous contributors Access points: Provided for all Indigenous contributors Notes highlighting Indigenous relevant information Indigenous places using Indigenous forms of place names Specific Indigenous content Summaries providing Indigenous context Indigenous language content Identity management Corrections (dates, etc. ) Disambiguation Providing Canadian context Create new NARs Add cross references to existing NARs

NACO Record enhancing

Indigenous Metadata Working Group Examine three levels of Indigenous metadata work: Phase one: Indigenous Metadata policies, practices, and standards affecting or relating to Xwi 7 xwa Library resources Phase two: Indigenous Metadata policies, practices, and standards affecting or relating to Indigenous collections across the UBC Library Phase three: Indigenous Metadata policies, practices, and standards applied nationally or internationally

Ask – Consult – Listen – Do Repeat

Gracias Questions?