DERIVATIONAL MORPHOLOGY Derivation means the formation of new

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DERIVATIONAL MORPHOLOGY

DERIVATIONAL MORPHOLOGY

Derivation means the formation of new words. This can be achieved through such morphological

Derivation means the formation of new words. This can be achieved through such morphological processes as affixation, compounding and abbreviations

Affixation is a productive morphological process in both English and Arabic

Affixation is a productive morphological process in both English and Arabic

English derivational affixes are either prefixes or suffixes. Prefixes are bound morphemes that are

English derivational affixes are either prefixes or suffixes. Prefixes are bound morphemes that are attached at the beginning of a word, whereas suffixes are attached at the end of a word

In contrast, Arabic has not only suffixes and prefixes but also infixes, which are

In contrast, Arabic has not only suffixes and prefixes but also infixes, which are inserted within the word.

English Affixation (i) Prefixes English prefixes can be divided into two types on the

English Affixation (i) Prefixes English prefixes can be divided into two types on the basis of the effect prefixation has on the class of the word that receives the prefix: class maintaining prefixes and class-changing prefixes

(1) Class-maintaining prefixes THE CLASS OF THE WORD REMAINS THE SAME / UNCHANGED

(1) Class-maintaining prefixes THE CLASS OF THE WORD REMAINS THE SAME / UNCHANGED

Incomplete Distrust Non- smoker Overwatch Ex – president Vice - chairman Unhappy Undo Anti

Incomplete Distrust Non- smoker Overwatch Ex – president Vice - chairman Unhappy Undo Anti -social Rebuild

Telegram Defrost Counter – act Superman Tricycle Disinfect Mini – market Hyperactive

Telegram Defrost Counter – act Superman Tricycle Disinfect Mini – market Hyperactive

(2) Class-changing prefixes THE CLASS OF THE WORD IS CHANGED

(2) Class-changing prefixes THE CLASS OF THE WORD IS CHANGED

• Verb-adjective: sleep: asleep float: afloat live: alive

• Verb-adjective: sleep: asleep float: afloat live: alive

• Noun-verb: friend: be-friend mesh: en-mesh power: em-power earth: unearth slave: enslave gulf:

• Noun-verb: friend: be-friend mesh: en-mesh power: em-power earth: unearth slave: enslave gulf: engulf head: behead danger: endanger circle: encircle large: enlarge courage: encourage

• Adjective-verb: sure: ensure able: enable rich: enrich

• Adjective-verb: sure: ensure able: enable rich: enrich

Suffixes will be classified on grammatical grounds since they change the grammatical function of

Suffixes will be classified on grammatical grounds since they change the grammatical function of the base.

(l) Noun Suffixes boredom manhood friendship kingdom duckling machinery materialism volunteer booklet farming

(l) Noun Suffixes boredom manhood friendship kingdom duckling machinery materialism volunteer booklet farming

(2) Adjective Suffixes worried homeless manly musical readable beautiful man-like windy dangerous active

(2) Adjective Suffixes worried homeless manly musical readable beautiful man-like windy dangerous active

(3) Adverb Suffixes: quickly, northwards, moneywise, backwards, sideways hopefully

(3) Adverb Suffixes: quickly, northwards, moneywise, backwards, sideways hopefully

(4)Verb Suffixes: activate, lengthen, solidify, criticize, strengthen simplify

(4)Verb Suffixes: activate, lengthen, solidify, criticize, strengthen simplify

Arabic Affixation In Arabic, new words are derived by analogy ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ Derivation involves

Arabic Affixation In Arabic, new words are derived by analogy ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ Derivation involves arranging the root, the carrier of primary lexical meaning, in different patterns ، ﻗﻮﺍﻟﺐ ، ﺻﻴﻎ ، ﺃﻮﺯﺍﻥ each of which has a specific signification

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