DERIVATIONAL MORPHOLOGY a English Compounding Compounds are distinguished

DERIVATIONAL MORPHOLOGY

(a) English Compounding Compounds are distinguished from noun phrases by contrast. Primary stress falls on the first element of a compound but on the second element of a noun phrase

HOW MANY TYPES OF COMPOUNDS ARE THERE IN ENGLISH?

English has four types of compounds: compound nouns compound verbs compound adjectives compound adverbs

(i) Compound Nouns FASTFOOD, HOMEWORK, SWIMMING POOL, ASHTRAY, HEADACHE, EARTHQUAKE, WASHING MACHINE, BRAIN WASHING, MANSERVANT, SUNRISE, SUNSET, DAYBREAK, SON – IN - LAW

(ii)Compound Verbs: SKYDIVE, OVERLOOK, BABYSIT, LIPREAD, SLEEPWALK

(iii) Compound Adjectives OPEN-MINDED, AIRBORNE, OPEN – ENDED, BREATHTAKING, HEARTBREAKING, FAR – FETCHED, BITTER - SWEET

(vi) Compound Adverbs: OVERNIGHT, OFF – HAND, DOUBLE – QUICK,

Arabic has two types of compounding: tarkiib ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ compounding and naḥt ﻧﺤﺖ blending' There are three major types of compounds in Arabic: Noun Compounds ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ Compound particles ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ Defective verb compounds ﺍﻻﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ

Abbreviation is the third wordformation process. It involves the shortening of already existing lexical items

English Abbreviation: English has three types of abbreviation: blends, clippings and acronyms

(i) Blends Blending involves fusing two independent lexical items

CHUNNEL

(ii) Clippings Clipping involves shortening of long words by deleting syllables

Acronyms are words derived from the initial letters of different words: USA / UN / UK/ RADAR/ TV/ CD/ WHO/ FAO / NASA

Arabic Abbreviation Another type of compounding is called ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺖ blending. Arabic has four types of blending: