Department of Pediatric Dentistry Discipline Dentistry Specialty 051

Department of Pediatric Dentistry Discipline - Dentistry Specialty - 051, 302 "dentistry" Elective course: "Anomalies and malformations of the teeth-jaw system, the oral cavity and the faces of children" course IV Semester VIII

The volume of training hours, 90 hours: Practical training 60 h? SRS 30 h. Form of control: examination

learning Objectives • be able to recognize symptoms of congenital abnormalities of the face and of the oral cavity;

• rerequisites: psychology and communication skills, histology, normal anatomy, prevention of dental diseases, propaedeutics pediatric dentistry, pediatrics, pediatric surgery • Postrekvizity: prevention of dental diseases, pediatric dentistry, preventive dentistry, oral surgery, prosthodontics, orthodontics.

UNDER CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS SHOULD BE UNDERSTOOD DISORDERS IN THE STRUCTURE AND FORM, ARISING AT A PARTICULAR STAGE OF EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. THESE DISORDERS ARE MANIFESTED IN THE FORM OF ANY ABNORMALITIES AT BIRTH, OR EMBEDDED IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE BODY AND CAN BE DETECTED BY ITS FURTHER DEVELOPMENT. THE CONCEPT OF "ANOMALY" INCLUDES, ALONG WITH MINOR MORPHOLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES SEVERE ABNORMALITIES IN FETAL DEVELOPMENT, GENERALLY REFERRED TO BY THE TERM "UGLINESS. "

The purpose of electives: Forming students' knowledge about modern embryology, clinical and topographical anatomy, pathological physiology of birth defects and ways to eliminate them.

The impact of harmful environmental factors in the occurrence of congenital diseases and malformations? According to the literature, in recent years all over the world is progressively increasing the number of children with congenital malformations, which are most often compatible with life, but at the same time they are not very or not at all amenable to correction (BN Klosovskiy, Chassagne, Lechat and et al. ). The offspring with congenital and hereditary diseases so-called requires a lot of attention from the government and parents.

Types of violations of the face and jaws? The most severe types of anomalies or malformations related to the lack of a body or a part thereof in the initial stage of organogenesis. These extremely rare species deformities include: the complete absence of the person (aprosopia) and the absence of the middle portion of the upper chelyusti- intermaxillary bone, along with the nose and over the middle of the face (the Cyclops').

Disease Pfaundlera - Hurler syndrome Pyle? Disease Pfaundlera - Hurler gargoilizm. This name comes from the fact that the appearance of the patients resembles ugly figure - gargoli in medieval churches. This is a special form of osteohondrodistrofii early childhood, it is combined with a pronounced mental retardation. Patients dwarf growth, with a disproportionately large head. Eyes wide apart, there is strabismus, cataracts are possible.

Arachnodactyly (from the Greek arahnos - spider) is expressed in the elongation of long bones. Hands and legs of the child are long and narrow. A must is a common symptom of arachnodactyly muscular atrophy with atoniej all skeletal muscles, including the chewing muscles. The head is large, the skull is increased and extended in length. The root of the nose is broad and deepened. The lower jaw is either pushed forward, creating progeny, or vice versa. .

Franceschetti syndrome and fibrous dysplasia Congenital maxillofacial dysostosis syndrome (Franchesketi) is often run in families. It is very typical for a section of the eye: eye slits facing each other at an angle of up and down. Often expressed coloboma. Usually, there are different manifestations of underdevelopment of ears, facial bones, mostly jaw. Underdevelopment of the maxillary sinus. Very underdeveloped teeth, especially molars, often an anomaly. .

Akroosteoliz - congenital disease. The main feature of the process is complete akroosteoliza bone resorption certain parts of the skeleton, including the alveolar. Marble disease is a congenital disease. Established the hereditary transmission and familial disease. According to the literature, about half of patients with the disease come from marble marriages between relatives. Changes in bone.

Types of violations of the teeth More common anomalies of the teeth (the number, shape, size, color, position, structure of dental hard tissues). It should first be attributed anomalies associated with the violation of primary and permanent teeth in the embryonic and post-embryonic period in. Similar anomalies occur due to various reasons. Such, in particular, may be: wrong distribution embryonic tissues.

The anomalies of the teeth The most striking manifestation of the anomaly is the primary edentia, which may be total or partial. Fully edentulous cases are quite rare and are the result of hereditary ectodermal dysplasia. In partial edentulous group of teeth may be missing. The phenomena of full and partial edentulous found in milk and in a constant bite. Primary edentia often is the cause of the anomaly situation of individual teeth. .

Anomalies in the shape of teeth These anomalies can relate to the tooth as a whole and its individual parts (crown or root). In the dairy, less permanent, bite found the so-called fused teeth. Typically, the first fused to a second or second to third. Fusion can occur only in the crowns or only in roots, sometimes roots and crowns. A tooth cavity, they may be common or separate. If necessary, medical intervention such an anomaly. . .

Abnormalities of tooth size There anomalies in values of all or some of the tooth portions thereof, e. g. crown. The latter may be either disproportionately small or, conversely, is high. It should be borne in mind that sometimes deep dentition or, conversely, too high of an extension of their alveoli can simulate the change in the teeth, which have in reality. The anomalies of the teeth is sometimes manifested in the temporary occlusion.

Stanton Syndrome - Kapdepona a rare anomaly in the structure of primary and permanent teeth. This suffering along with abnormal wear of the teeth and fragility, change their colors revealed obliteration of dental cavities and canals in all teeth. The roots of teeth are usually short, thin or thick. However, the phenomena of gipertsementoza pockets and bone loss at the tops of the roots of teeth are not affected.

Piero Robin Syndrome Pierre Robin Syndrome, is a set of three clinical signs: congenital cleft palate isolated (usually an extended and wide enough) microgeny (reducing the size of the lower jaw) and glossoptoza (displacement of the tongue towards the rear). The probability of having a child with this disease is on average 1 in 2000 -8500 newborns.

Contact Information • Pediatric Dentistry is located at 3 clinical sites: Children's Dental Clinic, Clinical Hospital № 5, our hospital "Aksai".

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