DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING NASA STUDENT

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING NASA STUDENT LAUNCH 2014 CRITICAL DESIGN REVIEW 2/28/14 North Carolina State University 1

Outline • • • Rocket Overview Full Scale Changes Recovery Design Subscale Demonstration Payload Experiments 2

Final Rocket Dimensions • • • 9/4/2021 Length: Diameter: CG Location: CP Location: Static Margin: Loaded Weight: 131 inches 5. 5 inches 86. 44 aft of nose 95. 59 aft of nose 1. 66 cal 75. 1 lb Pre-Registration Advising 3

Full Scale Model 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 4

Full Scale Model 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 5

Final Motor Selection • • Brand: Model: Total Impulse: Avg Thrust: Max Thrust: Burn Time: Propellant Weight: 9/4/2021 Cesaroni Technology Inc. N 5600 WT-P 3065 lbf*s 1264 lbf 1517 lbf 2. 42 s 14. 1 lb Pre-Registration Advising 6

Full Scale Performance • • 9/4/2021 Weight w/ Motor: Apogee: Max Velocity: Max Mach #: Supersonic Period: Max Accel: T/W Ratio: Rail Exit Velocity: 75. 1 lb 12500 ft 1261 ft/s 1. 14 1. 45 s 618 ft/s^2 20. 2 107 ft/s Pre-Registration Advising 7

Alternate Motor • • Brand: Model: Total Impulse: Avg Thrust: Max Thrust: Burn Time: Propellant Weight: 9/4/2021 Cesaroni Technology Inc. N 10000 -VM-P 2320 lbf*s 2306 lbf 2580 lbf 1. 01 s 11. 8 lb Pre-Registration Advising 8

Alternate Motor Dimensions • • • 9/4/2021 Length: Diameter: CG Location: CP Location: Static Margin: Loaded Weight: 131 inches (same) 5. 5 inches (same) 85. 54 aft of nose 95. 59 aft of nose 1. 83 cal 72. 1 lb Pre-Registration Advising 9

Alternate Motor Performance. • • 9/4/2021 Weight w/ Motor: Apogee: Max Velocity: Max Mach #: Supersonic Period: Max Accel: T/W Ratio: Rail Exit Velocity: 72. 1 lb 9300 ft 1058 ft/s 0. 95 N/A 1189 ft/s^2 35. 78 151 ft/s Pre-Registration Advising 10

Rocket Stability 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 11

Full-Scale Update • Aerodynamic center: 95. 59 in aft of datum • CG: 86. 44 in aft of datum • Kn = 1. 66 calibre • Natural Frequency: 22. 5 rad/s (3. 6 Hz) • Damping ratio: 0. 21 • Time to half: 0. 15 s 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 12

Weight Statement • Loaded Weight is 75. 1 lbs • Additional 2. 1 lbs can be added until predicted apogee can’t be reached • Additional 225 pounds could be added before rocket is not safe to launch. Criteria used: – 5: 1 thrust to weight ratio – 50 ft/s rail exit velocity • Weight added to center of gravity 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 13

Weight Statement • Weight has been factored in for epoxy, fiberglass, paint, and additional hardware necessary during construction. • Expecting the final weight to remain near the same value as the CDR. • Possibility of weight decreasing. • Can ballast rocket to meet desired apogee. 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 14

Parachute Design • • Shape: Material: Shroud: Harness: Thread: Seam: Hem: V-Tab: 9/4/2021 Round Hemispherical MIL-C-44378 Type 3 Rip-Stop Nylon Braided Nylon Cords ½” Tubular Kevlar N 0. 69 Size E Nylon French Fell Needle Hem MIL-T-C-2754 Type 1 Flat Dacron 3/16” Pre-Registration Advising 15

Recovery System Configuration 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 16

Parachute Sizes • Altimeters • Entacore AIM 3. 0 and Perfect. Flite Stratologger SL 100 • Parachutes: Round Hemispherical w/ deployment bags • Deployment Bag Material: Kevlar • Nose Cone • Diameter: • Descent Rate: 34 in. ~26. 6 ft/s • Diameter: • Descent Rate: 112 in. ~15. 3 ft/s • Diameter: • Descent Rate: 180 in. ~11. 8 ft/s • Body Tube • Fin Section 17

Shroud and Harness Size • Nose Cone: – Shroud Line: 51 inches – Harness: 5 feet • Body Tube: – Shroud Line: 168 inches – Harness: 15 feet • Fin Section: – Shroud Line: 270 inches – Harness: 25 feet 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 18

Kinetic Energy • Main Deployment at 1000 feet: 6850 lbf-ft • Landing: – Nose Cone • Weight: 6. 10 lb Kinetic Energy: 67. 1 lbf-ft – Body Tube • Weight: 20. 29 lb Kinetic Energy: 73. 8 lbf-ft – Fin Section • Weight: 34. 61 lb 9/4/2021 Kinetic Energy: 74. 9 lbf-ft Pre-Registration Advising 19

Predicted Drift Assuming 85 ft/s descent rate from apogee to main deployment at 1000 feet N 5600 WT-P Wind Speed in MPH Drift in Feet 9/4/2021 5 10 15 20 Nose Cone 1268 2536 3804 5071 Body Section 1471 2943 4414 5886 Fin Section 1614 3227 4841 6455 Pre-Registration Advising 20

Predicted Drift Alternate Assuming 85 ft/s descent rate from apogee to main deployment at 800 feet N 10000 -VM-P Wind Speed in MPH Drift in Feet 9/4/2021 5 10 15 20 Nose Cone 954 1908 2862 3816 Body Section 1117 2234 3350 4467 Fin Section 1226 2453 3679 4905 Pre-Registration Advising 21

Subscale Launch • Launch Predictions: • Apogee: • Max Vel. : • Max Accel. : 5260 ft. AGL 816 ft/s 839 ft/s 2 • Launch Conditions • Bayboro, NC January 18 th, 2014 • 49° F • Winds 10 -12 mph • Partly Cloudy 22

Subscale Launch Results Altitude in feet Velocity in ft/s 23

Subscale Launch • Results • Apogee: • Max Vel. : • Max Accel. : 5079 ft. 986 ft/s 1100 ft/s 2 (-186 ft) (+84 ft/s) (+169 ft/s 2) • Post Flight Observations • Further Investigation • Entacore Altimeter • Water Damage • Vacuum Chamber Testing 24

Key Features: Reaction Thruster Nitrogen gas canister pressurized to 600 psi Canister certified to 3000 psi Pneumatically actuated ball valve Custom fabricated nozzle 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 25

Key Features: Load Cell • Equipped with two half bridge strain gage configurations • Used to determine thrust data • Will compare data to published thrust curve • Manufactured from a 5/8” T-6061 aluminum plate • Motor casing attaches to load cell using 5/16” threaded rod 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 26

Key Features: Pitot Tube • Manufactured out of T-6061 aluminum • Threads into aluminum nose cone tip • Pressure tube is feed through nose cone tip 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 27

Bulkhead Load Test • Initial test maxed out 1 K load frame (~990 lb) with wood only test article • Further testing will utilize 20, 000 lb tensile test machine – Determine failure load – Determine Young’s Modulus for bulkhead 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 28

Fin Properties Test Determine structural properties of layup use for fins 3 point bending test Quarter bridge strain gage setup applied for data acquisition 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 29

Fluent Fin Heating • FLUENT CFD environment used to predict heating during supersonic flight • Room temperature (68 F) used as ambient • Maximum temperature on vehicle ~89 F • West System epoxy maximum temperature 120 F 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 30

Wind Tunnel Tests • Subsonic – Validate CFD/Barrowman model – Correlate with flight test data from subscale launch – Rapid prototyped/aluminum tube test article – Lower Re than flight • Supersonic – Observe shock structure – Conducted at higher Mach number than flight • Both tests have educational component 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 31

Charge Size Testing • Tests will begin once construction is complete – Fin Section Parachute Bay: • Length: 14” Diameter: 5. 36” • Calculated charge size: 2. 40 grams – Nose Cone and Body Tube Parachute Bay: • Length: 16” Diameter: 5. 36” • Calculated charge size: 2. 75 grams 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 32

Altimeter Testing • • • Ensure altimeters are working Can record data and data can be recovered Test Mach. Lock features Ensure charge is sent to igniter by using LEDs Use 5 gallon bucket and vacuum to simulate altitude increase 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 33

Final Payload Design Overview • Component Breakdown – Item – Requirement – Integration 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 34

Payload Integration 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 35

Payload Integration 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 36

Interfaces: Internal 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 37

Interfaces: External to the ground • Data transmitted to ground station in real time • Data link will be tested under varying degrees of interference and attenuation • Data processing carried out remotely (no onboard capability) 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 38

Requirement Verification Status • Payload – Structural Proturbence – Structural and Electrical Effects – Hazard detection • Altitude 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 39

Questions? 9/4/2021 Pre-Registration Advising 40