Deoxyribonucleic Acid Structure Function Replication Recombinant DNA versus

Deoxyribonucleic Acid Structure Function Replication Recombinant DNA versus RNA

DNA • Biological Molecule: Nucleic Acid • Makes up Chromosomes • Discovered in 1953 by Watson and Crick

http: //publications. nigms. nih. gov/thenewgenetics/chapter 1. html

STRUCTURE Made up of DNA Nucleotides: Deoxyribose (5 Carbon Sugar) Phosphate Base (G, C, A, T) Nucleotide

STRUCTURE Sugar and Phosphate Backbone Double Stranded Helix http: //evolution. berkeley. edu/evosite/history/dna 2. shtml

DNA Bases Purines Pyrimidines • Larger • Double Ringed • Adenine and Guanine • Smaller • Single Ring • Cytosine and Thymine Bases bind complementary: C-G and A-T

Functions of DNA • Replicate • Control Protein Synthesis • Mutate

DNA Replication To Copy Oneself • Must occur for the a cell to divide • Daughter cells have the exact DNA as parent cell • Part of Interphase of the cell cycle

Cell Cycle

DNA Replication • DNA unzips (enzyme called DNA helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds) • New nucleotides bind to their complementary partners on the opened parts of the DNA (DNA polymerase) • New nucleotides bind together to form new strands of DNA (DNA polymerase) • When errors occur the results is mutation

DNA Replication Simplified Image: Animations: • • http: //dna. microbiologyguide. com/526 -biologicalreplication-dna-splitting/ http: //www. stolaf. edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/molgenetics/dna-rna 2. swf http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=VJyc. RYBNtw. Y&feature=related

http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=d. IZpb 93 NYlw

DNA versus RNA • • Deoxyribose Bases: A, T, G, C Double Helix Only in the nucleus • • Ribose Bases: A, U, G, C Single Stranded Present in the nucleus & cytoplasm

DNA versus RNA DNA RNA http: //www. biologycorner. com/bio 2/genetics/notes_DNA. html

DNA Structure and Function DNA Replication DNA versus RNA