Demography The Study of Population Population Issues Population

Demography The Study of Population & Population Issues

Population Growth On the graph entitled “World Population Growth Since Common Era” • • • Arrival of Vikings (1000) Invention of Gutenberg Printing Press (1440) When Canada became a country (1967) First humans on the moon (1969) When you were born Present time (2008)

Today Canada’s birthday Arrival of Vikings Gutenberg printing press First Human on the Moon Little Ice Age, famine, Black Death Plague Warfare & economic disruption

World Population Patterns How many years did it take for the world’s population to increase from: a) 1 billion to 2 billion 123 years b) 2 billion to 3 billion 33 years c) 3 billion to 4 billion 14 years d) 4 billion to 5 billion 13 years e) 5 billion to 6 billion 12 years

World Projected Population Patterns How many years did it take for the world’s population to increase from: a) 6 billion to 7 billion 14 years b) 7 billion to 8 billion 15 years c) 8 billion to 9 billion 26 years d) 9 billion to 10 billion 29 years

Trends in Population

Demographic Terminology Birth Rate: # of births in a country for every 1000 people in the pop. Total births in one year. X 1000 population size ( in middle of year)

Birth Rate Highest B. R. - Niger 50. 16 Lowest B. R. - Japan 8. 1 Canada - 10. 75

Demographic Terminology Death Rate: # of deaths in a country for every 1000 people in the pop. Total deaths in one year X 1000 population size ( in middle of year)

Death Rate Highest D. R. - Swaziland 30. 35 Lowest D. R. - United Arab Emirates - 2. 16 Canada - 7. 86

Demographic Terminology Natural Increase Rate: difference between Birth Rate and Death Rate of a country BR - DR = NI http: //www. worldlifeexpectancy. com/index. php

Natural Increase Highest N. I - Niger 50. 16 Lowest N. I. - Japan 8. 1

Demographic Terminology Immigration Rate: # of people who permanently move to a country Emigration Rate: # of people who permanently move from a country

Demographic Terminology Population Growth Rate: rate at which a country’s population is changing. (BR-DR) + (IR - ER) = Pop. Growth

Population Growth Rate Highest P. G. - Liberia 4. 836% Lowest P. G. - Trinidad & Tobago -0. 883% Canada - 0. 869%

Demographic Terminology Dependency Load: % of population that is ≤ 14 years old and 65 and older Age Dependency Ratio: ratio of people in “dependent” ages to those in the “working” ages. Population ≤ 14 + population 65+ population 15 -64

Age-Dependency Ratio Highest A. D. R. - Uganda 1. 12 (11 dependent people for every 10 working) Lowest A. D. R. - United Arab Emirates - 0. 3 (3 dependent people for every 10 working) Canada - 4. 4

Demographic Terminology Infant Mortality Rate: # of children, in a country, who die in the first year of life for each 1000 live births. # of babies that died before 1 st birthday X 1000 Total # of live births in middle of year

Infant Mortality Rate Highest I. M. R. - Angola 192. 5 Lowest I. M. R. - Japan 3. 28 Canada - 4. 82

Demographic Terminology Life Expectancy: the average # of years a person is expected to live from birth. Population Pyramid: a special type of graph that summarizes the age and gender structure of a population.

Life Expectancy Highest L. E. - Japan 82. 1 Lowest L. E. - Swaziland 32 Canada - 81. 2

Demographic Terminology Total Fertility: average # of children that each woman could have during her fertile years (15 -45)

Fertility Rate Highest F. R. - Mali 7. 38 Lowest F. R. - Macau - 1. 03 Canada - 1. 61

Demographic Terminology Population Pyramid: a special type of graph that summarizes the age and gender structure of a population.

Demographic Terminology Replacement Rate: is the total fertility rate that produces a natural increase rate of 0. This value does not take immigration into account Standard replacement rate is 2. 1 (country’s population remains the same - no growth)

Demographic Terminology Rule of 70: a way to estimate how long it would take for a country’s population to double 70/country’s growth rate = number of years in which a country’s population will double