DEFORMATION OF THE EARTHS CRUST Types of Deformation
- Slides: 40
DEFORMATION OF THE EARTHS CRUST • Types of Deformation 1. folds 2. faults
Deformation 1. Elastic – nonpermanent, rock returns to original shape 2. Ductile – permanent, rock flows or bends 3. Brittle – permanent, rock breaks
Rheology Force Stress vs. Strain Deformation
Ductile Brittle
How Rocks Become Deformed 1. compression forces 2. tensional forces 3. shearing forces
Rheology Force Stress vs. Strain Deformation
Rheology Force Stress vs. Strain Deformation
Folded Rocks 1. due to compressional forces 2. types of folds i. monocline ii. anticlines iii. synclines
Monocline, WY George Davis
Folded Rocks 3. anatomy of a fold i. limbs ii. axial plane iii. plunge
Folded Rocks 2. types of folds iv. overturned v. asymmetrical
Anticline Axial plane Bill Evarts Fig. 10. 11
Asymmetric Folds Breck Kent
Overturned Folds Phil Dombrowski Fig. 10. 1
Folded Rocks 2. types of folds vi. domes vii. basins
Folded Rocks 2. effects of folds i. mountain building (orogenies)
Fractured Rocks 1. How a rock breaks i. joints
Fractured Rocks 1. How a rock breaks i. joints ii. faults
Anatomy of a fault i. head wall (or hanging wall) ii. foot wall iii. fault plane
Anatomy of a fault iv. strike & dip
Types of Faults • Strike-slip faults have movement that is predominantly horizontal and parallel to the strike of the fault plane – A viewer looking across to the other side of a right-lateral strike-slip fault would observe it to be offset to their right – A viewer looking across to the other side of a left-lateral strike-slip fault would observe it to be offset to their left • Oblique-slip faults have movement that with components parallel to both the strike and dip of the fault plane Right-lateral San Andreas Fault
Effects of faulting i. horsts and grabbens Horst Graben
Wildrose Graben, Southern California
NASA/TSADO/Tom Stack
- Most common elements in the earth's crust
- Basalt
- How thick is earths crust
- Earths crust
- Elastic deformation vs plastic deformation
- Types of crust
- Types of crust
- 5 physical layers of the earth
- The earth's layers foldable
- Earths roation
- Whats earths moon called
- Biome near the equator
- Whats earths moon called
- Which layer of the earth slowly moves like putty
- Earths early atmosphere contained
- Earths major crustal plates
- Earths orbit seasons
- Brown earth soil ireland
- Study of the earth's physical features
- Honey as fertilizer for plants
- Whats the name of earths moon
- Earths mantle
- Earths interior
- Spring earth tilt
- Atmosphere
- What is the true shape of earth
- Arch of constantine dimensions
- What does earths tilt do
- Earths boundaries
- 4 spheres of the earth
- Types of deformation of solids
- Continental crust thickness
- Topic 12 earth's dynamic crust and interior
- Physical layers of the earth
- Vibrations on the earth's crust
- Crust mantle core
- Oceanic crust
- Earth crust
- The upfolds of the earth crust are called
- What are the 3 main layers of the earth? *
- Movement of the earth's crust