DEFINITIONS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ELEMENTS BY KELSEN

DEFINITIONS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ELEMENTS BY KELSEN HADDER

ALKALI METALS Very reactive metals that do not occur in nature Malleable, Malleable ductile, ductile conduct heat and electricity well Can explode if exposed to water Examples of Alkali Metals: Metals § Cesium § Francium § Lithium § Sodium § Potassium

ALKALI EARTH METALS Have a oxidation number of +2 Very reactive Cannot be found free in nature due to their reactivity Examples of Alkali Earth Metals: Magnesium Calcium Strontium Radium Barium

TRANSITION METALS Malleable, Malleable ductile, ductile conduct electricity and heat Often exhibit several common oxidation states Only known elements to produce a magnetic field Examples of Transition Metals: § Gold § Mercury § Nickel § Zinc § Cobalt

OTHER METALS Ductile and Malleable Do not exhibit multiple oxidation states Solid, Opaque, and have a relatively high density Examples of Other Metals: § Tin § Lead § Bismuth § Thallium § Indium

METALLOIDS Elements that are found along the line that distinguishes Metals from Non-Metals Have properties of both Metals and Non-Metals Some Metalloids are Semi-Conductors meaning they carry an electrical charge under certain conditions; This makes them useful in calculators Examples of Metalloids: § Boron § Germanium § Tellurium § Polonium § Arsenic

NON-METALS Cannot conduct electricity or heat very well and are very brittle Non-Metals exist as two of the three states of matter at room temperature: Solids and gases Non-Metals have no metallic lustre, and do not reflect light Examples of Non-Metals: § Phosphorus § Selenium § Carbon § Hydrogen § Nitrogen

HALOGENS Halogen means “Salt-Former” and compounds containing halogens are called “salts” All Halogens have 7 electrons in their outer shell; this gives them a oxidation number of -1 Halogens exist at room temperature in all 3 states of matter: solids, liquids, and gases Examples of Halogens: § Chlorine § Iodine § Astatine § Flourine

NOBLE GASES These were considered to be chemically inactive gases until the 1960 s Their oxidation number of 0 prevents them from forming compounds readily Noble gases have the max amount of electrons possible in their outer shell; This makes them stable Examples of Noble Gases: § Radon § Neon § Argon § Krypton § Xenon

RARE EARTH ELEMENTS Are composed of the lanthanide and actinide series One element of the lanthanide series and most of the actinide series are called trans-uranium Are found in group 3 and the 7 th and 6 th periods on the periodic table of elements Examples of Rare Earth Elements § Einsteinium § Californium § Terbium § Neptunium § Uranium

BIBLIOGRAPHY http: //www. chemicalelements. com/groups/alkali. html http: //www. chemicalelements. com/groups/alkaline. html http: //www. chemicalelements. com/groups/transition. html http: //www. chemicalelements. com/groups/othermetals. html http: //www. chemicalelements. com/groups/metalloids. html http: //www. chemicalelements. com/groups/nonmetals. html http: //www. chemicalelements. com/groups/halogens. html http: //www. chemicalelements. com/groups/noblegases. html http: //www. chemicalelements. com/groups/rareearth. html