DEFINITION an occupation by which a person earns

DEFINITION • an occupation by which a person earns a living; work; business. • According to the Labour Survey, the employed comprise all persons above 10 years of age and above , who worked at least one hour during a reference period, and were either ‘ paid employed ‘ or ‘self employed’.

Employer is a person working during reference period, on own-account or with one or a few partners at a “selfemployment job” with one or more employees engaged on a continuous basis. Employee is a person who works for a public or private employer and receives remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates or pay in kind.

PRIMARY SECTOR

SECONDARY SECTOR

TERTIARY SECTOR

UNEMPLOYMENT • The state of being unable to find a paid job.

CAUSES OF UNEMPLOYMENT • High rate of population growth • Mechanisation in agriculture • Revolution in Information Technology • Cultural Restraints- Consumption oriented society. • Rural Urban migration

• Mismatch in demand supply of labour force • Political instability • Lack of jobs • Agriculture

EMPLOYMENT GENERATION • FOR AGRICULTURAL REQUIREMENT: • Training institutions • Enrollment of young people • Technical training to repair and maintain agricultural machinery. • Greater development of cottage industry.

INDUSTRIAL REQUIREMENTS Specialised training Understanding of basic function of the plant Maintenance of plant and machinery Safety measures and emergency procedures Practical demonstrations for handling new machinery • Inservice refresher courses • Training abroad at centres of excellence • • •

UNEMPLOYMENT AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT • Underutilization of human resources, less income generation resulting in low GDP and GNP. This means less funds for economic growth. • GDP is gross domestic product • GNP is gross national product • Increased competition for jobs results in lower wages so less tax collection

• Less consumer expenditure. • Decrease in available funds results in raised government taxes. • Encourages debts and borrowing on interest • Less foreign and local investment as low profit expected • the crime rate rises due to unemployment scaring investors

• Reliance on foreign aid increases.