Defective Norms of Morality Report of AJ Bona

Defective Norms of Morality Report of AJ Bona

HEDONISM It is an ethical theory which holds that the supreme end of man consists in the acquisition of pleasure. Morality is grounded on the pleasure or satisfaction that an act brings or entails.

Consequentialism In an extreme form, the idea of consequentialism is commonly encapsulated in the English saying, "the end justifies the means“.

Utilitarianism This norm of morality holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce unhappiness. The doctrine that an action is right insofar as it promotes happiness, and that the greatest happiness of the greatest number should be the guiding principle of conduct.

Type of Utilitarianism Social/altruistic utilitarianism – holds that an act is good when it is conducive to the social good or well-being Individual/egoistic utilitarianism – holds that the norm of morality resides in the usefulness of an action for the production of the temporal happiness of the individual.

Altruism maintain quite simply that a man may and should discount altogether his own pleasure or happiness as such when he is deciding what course of action to pursue

Moral Positivism This theory holds that the basis/source of all moral laws is the laws of the State. The proponent of this theory is Thomas Hobbes

Moral Sensism Is an ethical theory which holds that man is endowed with a special moral sense (other than reason) by virtue of which man distinguishes between right and wrong. Good if I feel it is good; bad if I feel it is bad.