Deep Water Offshore Wind Energy By Paul D

Deep Water Offshore Wind Energy By Paul D. Sclavounos Horns Rev Wind Farm (Denmark) - Rated Power 160 MW – Water Depth 10 -15 m

Magnitude of Wind Resource • • Total World Installed Capacity: 40 GW (2003) Total Offshore Installed Wind Capacity: 493 MW Global Annual Electricity Generation from Wind: 67 TWh Wind Energy Sector Annual Growth: 25 -30% US Offshore Wind Capacity • Total Installed Capacity (2003): 6. 4 GW • Shallow Water Resource (0 -30 m): <100 GW • Deep Water Resource (30 -100 m; 20 -50 miles): >800 GW

Deep Water Offshore Wind Farms • • Wind Speeds Higher and Less Variable Floating Wind Turbines Water Depths in the range of 30 -300 m Draw Upon Experience of Oil & Gas Industry Placement of Offshore Wind Farms Near Major Centers Easier Integration to Robust Electric Grids Reduced Visual Effects and Noise

Specifications of 5 MW Wind Turbine • • • • Wind Regime: Control: Rotor Diameter Hub Height Max Rotor/Generator rpm Maximum Blade Tip Speed Rotor Efficiency (3 Blades) Blade Solidity Rotor Mass Nacelle Mass Tower Mass Total Turbine Mass Center of Gravity Height Class 6 Winds (>8 m/s) Variable Speed-Individual Blade Pitch 126 m 90 m 12. 1 rpm / 1, 173 rpm 80 m/s 45% 4% 110, 000 kg 250, 000 kg 347, 460 kg 707, 460 kg 64 m

Floating Wind Turbines

Tidal Energy

Areas of Research and Education • • Unsteady Aerodynamics Structural Dynamics Gear Box and Electric Generator Dynamics Optimal Control of Pitch Regulated Floating Turbines Floating Wind Turbine Engineering System Design Wind Turbine Manufacturing, Assembly & Deployment Wind Farm Cost Minimization Optimal Wind Farm Operation - Electricity Dispatch