DEBATE ADJUDICATION BRIEFING Agenda Structure Asian Parliamentary Debate

DEBATE & ADJUDICATION BRIEFING

Agenda • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) • – – • Room Setup Speaking Order Timing Rules Judging – The Average Reasonable Person • Assessment of debate vs. entering debate – Elements of Debate • Matter, Manner , Method • Substantive Matter and Argumentation The Debate – – Motion • Types of Motions • Types of Debate • Definitions – – Rules of Definitional Challenge – Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) • Positive matter vs. Negative case • Counter Proposal – Speaker Roles • • • Prime Minister Leader of opposition Deputy Prime Minister Deputy Leader of Opposition Government & Opposition Whip Reply Speeches – Points Of Information (POI) Weighing/ Prioritizing Clashes • New Matter and Late Development of Matter – Scoring • Team Scores • Speaker Scores – – – Margin Filling the Ballot Sheet Time Management Oral Adjudication Tabulation System

CHAPTER 1 STRUCTURE (ASIAN PARLIAMENTARY DEBATE)

Asian Parliamentary • Structure – Room Setup – Speaking Order – Timing – Rules • • The Debate Judging Teams 3 Debaters (per team) 2 Teams (per debate) At least 1 Adjudicator (per room)

ROOM SETUP • Structure – Room Setup – Speaking Order – Timing – Rules • • The Debate Judging

ROOM SETUP • Structure – Room Setup – Speaking Order – Timing – Rules • • The Debate Judging

FORMAT (ROOM SETUP) • Structure – Room Setup – Speaking Order – Timing – Rules • • The Debate Judging

ROOM SETUP • Structure – Room Setup – Speaking Order – Timing – Rules • • The Debate Judging PANELIST

SPEAKING ORDER • Structure – Room Setup – Speaking Order – Timing – Rules • • The Debate Judging

TIMING • Structure – Room Setup – Speaking Order – Timing – Rules • • The Debate Judging Substantives UNPROTECTED TIME: POIs ALLOWED 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 PROTECTED TIME: NO POIs ALLOWED Reply Speeches 1 2 3 4 4. 20 7. 20

SOME RULES TO REMEMBER • Structure – – Room Setup Speaking Order Timing Rules • • • Electronic devices Printed Material Help from teachers Time management The Debate Judging Electronic Devices • No phones • No Computers • Only Dictionaries • Penalty: You could get disqualified from the tournament

SOME RULES TO REMEMBER • Structure – – Room Setup Speaking Order Timing Rules • • • Electronic devices Printed Material Help from teachers Time management The Debate Judging Printed Material • Allowed During Prep Time • Not During Speech • Penalty: You could get disqualified from the tournament

SOME RULES TO REMEMBER • Structure – – Room Setup Speaking Order Timing Rules • • • Electronic devices Printed Material Help from teachers Time management When preparation begins you are on your own. NO ONE is allowed to help you. • What do you do if you don’t understand the motion? – Ask a member of the adjudication core, and we will explain to you The Debate Judging • Penalty: You could get disqualified from the tournament

SOME RULES TO REMEMBER • Structure – – Room Setup Speaking Order Timing Rules • • • Electronic devices Printed Material Help from teachers Time management The Debate Judging Debate Preparation 30 mins Adj Decision: 15 mins Oral Adj: 7 mins each *** Timing is strictly controlled***

CHAPTER 2 THE DEBATE

MOTIONS • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – Motion • • • Types of Motions Types of Debate Definitions – – – • Rules of Definitional Challenge Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles Points Of Information (POI) Judging Theme Every round has a theme. Debaters are expected to follow theme when discussing the motion. The debate must have a direct link not only to the motion, but also to theme of the round

MOTIONS • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – Motion • • • Types of Motions Types of Debate Definitions – – – • Rules of Definitional Challenge Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles Points Of Information (POI) Judging (Debate types) Every debate requires a different underlying principles / ideas Requires a certain set of skills This year we give hints to what kind of debates we want to see

MOTIONS • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – Motion • • • Types of Motions Types of Debate Definitions – – – • Rules of Definitional Challenge Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles Points Of Information (POI) Judging Example If the motions is “This house would fight fire with fire” , and theme is International Relations defining the motion to talk about military action on cross boarder conflicts makes more sense than talking about death penalty for murderers

MOTIONS • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – Motion • • • Types of Motions Types of Debate Definitions – – – • Rules of Definitional Challenge Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles Points Of Information (POI) Judging What is a motion? A clearly worded statement that announces the topic to be debated in the round

MOTIONS • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – Motion • • • Types of Motions Types of Debate Definitions – – – • Rules of Definitional Challenge Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles Points Of Information (POI) Judging Types Of Motions 1. THBT (This House Believes That) 2. THW (This House Would)

TYPES OF DEBATE • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – Motion • Principle issues (Moral, Ethnics, Economics, Effectiveness of – Rules of Definition outcomes) – Definitional Challenge • Should or should not – Team Roles (Proposition vs. solve the problem in a Opposition) certain way – Speaker Roles • Ex. THBT national – Points Of Information security is more (POI) important than Judging individual rights • • Principle Debate Types of Motions Types of Debate Definitions Policy Debate • Implementation of models, exactly how to solve a problem • Whose model is better? • Who provide more benefit to the majority • Ex. THW legalize online sport gambling

DEFENITIONS • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – Motion • • • Types of Motions Types of Debate Definitions – – – • • Rules of Definitional Challenge Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles Points Of Information (POI) Judging • Each Definition MUST: – Have a Direct Link to the motion – In spirit of the motion or theme – Is fair and debatable Unfair Definitions: (Which Opposition Leader can Challenge) – Truisms- a truism is an argument that is considered to be true by the vast majority of people. Example: ‘genocide is bad’ – Tautology- Not a truism now but will be true in the near future: example: ‘Obama should close Guantanamo Bay’ (in fact, isn’t close yet, but Obama has already decided to close Guantanamo Bay already) – Squirrels- Wholly unreasonable – Time/ Place Sets- Put the debate specifically In a time or location. Example: ‘We would debate this motion in the context of WW 1 1914’ or ‘We would place this debate in Dominican Republic (an island in the Caribbean)’

DEFINITIONAL CHALLENGE • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – Motion • • • Types of Motions Types of Debate Definitions – – – • Rules of Definitional Challenge • • • Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles Points Of Information (POI) Judging • What is a challenge? – Definitional challenge is a challenge from the opposition on the definition that was set earlier from the Prime Minister When to challenge? – When the definition is unfair (truism, tautology, squirrels and time/place sets) – It can only come from the Leader of Opposition, not later How to challenge? – The LO needs to point out the unfairness from the government bench with supporting reason – LO is obliged to redefine the definition (provide an alternative definition) – In most of the cases, the team must provide an ‘even if’ argument – Remember that, An `Even if' argument is not possible in some cases. (e. g. truistic definition & definition running counter to the resolution i. e. where govt. has taken the opposition’s case). What’s next? – The DPM has the responsibility to either reject or accept the new definition – DPM has to rebut the new idea that came from the opposing team even if he or she rejects the new definition

TEAM ROLES • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – – • Motion Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles Points Of Information (POI) Judging Proposition Opposition • Support the motion & give a definition • Realize the problem and propose a solution/change • Provide model or mechanism (the detailed implementation process) • Engage with Opposition • Go against the motion • Realize the problem, but go against PROP’s proposal • Provide counter-model or alternative • Stick with status quo • Engage with Government

SPEAKER ROLES (PM) • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – – • Motion Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles • Prime Minister • Leader of Opposition • Deputy Prime Minister • Deputy Leader of Opposition • Government Whip • Opposition Whip • Reply Speeches Points Of Information (POI) Judging • States Context – Briefly explain background of the debate • Sets the Definition – Clearly define the motion • Explain the Model (policy debate) • Provides Team Stance – The direction of the Government’s case • Presents Split – State arguments of 1 st and 2 nd speaker • Develop Argument – Analyze and elaborate

SPEAKER ROLES (LO) • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – – • Motion Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles • Prime Minister • Leader of Opposition • Deputy Prime Minister • Deputy Leader of Opposition • Government Whip • Opposition Whip • Reply Speeches Points Of Information (POI) Judging • Accept/ Reject the definition • Rebut the Prime Minister’s arguments • Explain the Counter Model or Status Quo (policy debate) • Provides Team Stance – The direction of the Opposition case • Presents Split – State arguments for 1 st and 2 nd speaker • Develop Argument – Analyze and elaborate

SPEAKER ROLES (DPM) • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – – • Motion Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles • Prime Minister • Leader of Opposition • Deputy Prime Minister • Deputy Leader of Opposition • Government Whip • Opposition Whip • Reply Speeches Points Of Information (POI) Judging • Rebut the Leader of Opposition’s arguments and Defend your own case • Presents own arguments (different from 1 st speaker) • Develop your Argument – Analyze and elaborate

SPEAKER ROLES (DLO) • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – – • Motion Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles • Prime Minister • Leader of Opposition • Deputy Prime Minister • Deputy Leader of Opposition • Government Whip • Opposition Whip • Reply Speeches Points Of Information (POI) Judging • Rebut the Deputy Prime Minister’s arguments and Defend your own case • Presents own arguments (different from 1 st speaker) • Develop your Argument – Analyze and elaborate

SPEAKER ROLES (GW) • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – – • Motion Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles • Prime Minister • Leader of Opposition • Deputy Prime Minister • Deputy Leader of Opposition • Government Whip • Opposition Whip • Reply Speeches Points Of Information (POI) Judging • Rebut the Deputy Leader of Opposition’s arguments • Rebut the points of the Opposition • Summarizes the debate, define the CLASHES and MAIN ISSUE of the debate • Support and Defend the points of the Government side • Summarizes the Government case • Cannot Bring New Matter/ New Argument

SPEAKER ROLES (OW) • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – – • Motion Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles • Prime Minister • Leader of Opposition • Deputy Prime Minister • Deputy Leader of Opposition • Government Whip • Opposition Whip • Reply Speeches Points Of Information (POI) Judging • Rebut the points of the Government • Summarizes the debate, define the CLASHES and MAIN ISSUE of the debate • Support and Defend the points of the Opposition side • Summarizes the Opposition case • Cannot Bring New Matter/ New Argument

SPEAKER ROLES (REPLY) • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – – • Motion Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles • Prime Minister • Leader of Opposition • Deputy Prime Minister • Deputy Leader of Opposition • Government Whip • Opposition Whip • Reply Speeches Points Of Information (POI) Judging • Given by 1 st or 2 nd speaker, NOT the WHIP • Summarizes the entire debate, looking at the arguments, role fulfillment, main questions which need to be answered to win, higher moral benefit majority, etc • The team’s last opportunity to persuade their main points to be the adjudicator and focus on the key issues of the debate • Summarizes the Opposition case shortly • No new Matter/ New Arguments, examples analysis

POINTS OF INFORMATION (POIs) • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate – – • Motion Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition) Speaker Roles • Prime Minister • Leader of Opposition • Deputy Prime Minister • Deputy Leader of Opposition • Government Whip • Opposition Whip • Reply Speeches Points Of Information (POI) Judging 1. STRICTLY no longer than 20 seconds 2. POIs are 1. Points of clarification 2. Points of Contention 3. Stand up 4. No hackling 5. Chair controls the room

CHAPTER 3 JUDGING A DEBATE

WHO IS AN ADJUDICATOR? • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – The Average Reasonable Person • Assessment of debate vs. entering debate – Elements of Debate – Scoring – Margin – Filling the Ballot Sheet – Time Management – Oral Adjudication – Tabulation System • Is an average reasonable person – First year university student – Has no specific knowledge on issues – A fairly logical person, and listens to reason – Does not have a personal attachment to the motion – Is politically correct (penalizes hate speech or any personal attacks by debaters)

Assessment of Clashes • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – The Average Reasonable Person • Assessment of debate vs. entering debate – Elements of Debate – Scoring – Margin – Filling the Ballot Sheet – Time Management – Oral Adjudication – Tabulation System • Adjudicators listen to material presented in the debate, and the debate alone • Ignores personal opinion towards and issue, and judges the debate objectively • What do you do when you notice factual errors • What about debates against your own moral values?

Entering the Debate • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – The Average Reasonable Person • Assessment of debate vs. entering debate – Elements of Debate – Scoring – Margin – Filling the Ballot Sheet – Time Management – Oral Adjudication – Tabulation System • In judging don’t use: – Specific Knowledge you have about an issue – Personal values as a basis for judgment ***Judge debates ONLY based on what is being presented to you***

WHO IS AN ADJUDICATOR? • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – The Average Reasonable Person • Assessment of debate vs. entering debate – Elements of Debate – Scoring – Margin – Filling the Ballot Sheet – Time Management – Oral Adjudication – Tabulation System • Avoid Entering Debates – Your specific knowledge about an issue should not influence your decision – Your personal biases is not a reason to base your judgment on

ELEMENTS OF DEBATE • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – – The Average Reasonable Person Elements of Debate • • Matter, Manner , Method Substantive Matter and Argumentation – • – – – Weighing/ Prioritizing Clashes New Matter and Late Development of Matter Scoring Margin Filling the Ballot Sheet Time Management Oral Adjudication Tabulation System • Matter • Manner • Method

MATTER • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – – The Average Reasonable Person Elements of Debate • • Matter, Manner , Method Substantive Matter and Argumentation – • – – – Weighing/ Prioritizing Clashes New Matter and Late Development of Matter Scoring Margin Filling the Ballot Sheet Time Management Oral Adjudication Tabulation System • • • Facts Logical reasoning Analysis Case studies Responsiveness Up to date information

MANNER • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – – The Average Reasonable Person Elements of Debate • • Matter, Manner , Method Substantive Matter and Argumentation – • – – – Weighing/ Prioritizing Clashes New Matter and Late Development of Matter Scoring Margin Filling the Ballot Sheet Time Management Oral Adjudication Tabulation System • • Persuasiveness Clarity Body language Eye contact

METHOD • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – – The Average Reasonable Person Elements of Debate • • Matter, Manner , Method Substantive Matter and Argumentation – • – – – Weighing/ Prioritizing Clashes New Matter and Late Development of Matter Scoring Margin Filling the Ballot Sheet Time Management Oral Adjudication Tabulation System • • Technicality of debate Timing / Time allocation Role fulfillment Discipline

SUBSTANTIVE ARGUMENTATION • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – – The Average Reasonable Person Elements of Debate • • Matter, Manner , Method Substantive Matter and Argumentation – • – – – Weighing/ Prioritizing Clashes New Matter and Late Development of Matter Scoring Margin Filling the Ballot Sheet Time Management Oral Adjudication Tabulation System • Rebuttals are not argumentations • Reasoning / logical explanations • Principles • Factual truths

WEIGHING DEBATES • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – – The Average Reasonable Person Elements of Debate • • Matter, Manner , Method Substantive Matter and Argumentation – • – – – Weighing/ Prioritizing Clashes New Matter and Late Development of Matter Scoring Margin Filling the Ballot Sheet Time Management Oral Adjudication Tabulation System 1. What is the most important clash in the debate? 1. Who presented it and how well? 2. What are the burdens of proof? 3. Which side responded better to the developments through the debate

WEIGHING DEBATES • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – – The Average Reasonable Person Elements of Debate • • Matter, Manner , Method Substantive Matter and Argumentation – • – – – Weighing/ Prioritizing Clashes New Matter and Late Development of Matter Scoring Margin Filling the Ballot Sheet Time Management Oral Adjudication Tabulation System • Constructive Speeches – PM, DPM, LO, DLO • Substantive speeches – Whip Speakers • Reply Speeches – No new ideas

MARKING GUIDE • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – – The Average Reasonable Person Elements of Debate • • Matter, Manner , Method Substantive Matter and Argumentation – • – – – Weighing/ Prioritizing Clashes New Matter and Late Development of Matter Scoring Margin Filling the Ballot Sheet Time Management Oral Adjudication Tabulation System • What are the ranges Total Meaning 68 -70 Poor 71 -73 Below Average 74 Average or Expected Standard 75 -77 Above Average 78 -80 Excellent

MARGIN • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – – The Average Reasonable Person Elements of Debate • • Matter, Manner , Method Substantive Matter and Argumentation – • – – – Weighing/ Prioritizing Clashes New Matter and Late Development of Matter Scoring Margin Filling the Ballot Sheet Time Management Oral Adjudication Tabulation System Margins Meaning 0. 5 -3. 5 A very close debate with only minor differences separating the teams 4 -7 A relatively clear debate with one team having an obvious advantage 7. 5 -12 Trashing. A very clear win with the losing team failing on one or more fundamental aspects of its argument or presentation

FILLING ADJ BALLOTS • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – – The Average Reasonable Person Elements of Debate • • Matter, Manner , Method Substantive Matter and Argumentation – • – – – Weighing/ Prioritizing Clashes New Matter and Late Development of Matter Scoring Margin Time Management Filling the Ballot Sheet Oral Adjudication Tabulation System VIEW BALLOT SHEET

ORAL ADJUDICATION • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – – The Average Reasonable Person Elements of Debate • • Matter, Manner , Method Substantive Matter and Argumentation – • – – – Weighing/ Prioritizing Clashes New Matter and Late Development of Matter Scoring Margin Time Management Filling the Ballot Sheet Oral Adjudication Tabulation System 7 minutes; What do debaters want to know? 1. Important clashes of the debate 1. Show that you paid attention by referring to speeches 2. How you weighed issues / clashes 3. Margin & its justification

Tabulation System • • • Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) The Debate Judging – – The Average Reasonable Person Elements of Debate • • Matter, Manner , Method Substantive Matter and Argumentation – • – – – Weighing/ Prioritizing Clashes New Matter and Late Development of Matter Scoring Margin Time Management Filling the Ballot Sheet Oral Adjudication Tabulation System NOT IMPORTANT FOR NOW!!

Questions?