Dean Djokic Esri CURRENT ARC HYDRO FUNCTIONALITY Copyright

Dean Djokic, Esri CURRENT ARC HYDRO FUNCTIONALITY Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

What is Arc Hydro? u Extension of geodatabase model for support of water resources applications (template data model) u Originally just vector, but now raster as well u Culmination of a three year process (1999 -2002) led by D. R. Maidment through GIS in Water Resources Consortium (Arc Hydro book) u Collection of generic tools for support of Arc Hydro geodatabase design and basic water resources functions u Starting point for water resources database and application development Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

What Arc Hydro is Not! u Data set (e. g. NHD, NHDPlus, Hydro. Sheds, Aus. Hydro, … ) u BUT u you can use these data in Arc Hydro Solution to a particular “program” problem (e. g. water allocation model, specific H&H modeling pre-/post-processing) u BUT you can use Arc Hydro tools to support those programs w E. g. water use analysis – Arc Hydro provides connectivity (surface and “structural”) and core time series data, and the computation is done in a “numerical engine”. Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Arc Hydro Data Model Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Basic Concepts u Define core feature classes for water resources analyses u Establish relationships between core feature classes u Use geometric network for tying pieces together u Mobilization of standard Arc. GIS functionality u Custom tools for some of the attribute management u Custom tools for advanced “water resources” functionality Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Drainage System Representations Basins – drainage areas for water resources management Watersheds – subdivision of land surface for a particular hydrologic purpose Catchments – subdivision of land surface into elementary drainage areas by physical rules Digital Elevation Model – land surface terrain grid cells Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Watersheds of the Guadalupe Basin Guadalupe Hydro. Network TNRCC water availability points (water supply) Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. NWS forecast Watersheds (flooding) EPA TMDL Segments (water quality) Arc Hydro

Extending Arc Hydro Data Model

Extending Arc Hydro Data Model More application specific “stuff” Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Geo. RAS Data Model Concept Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Arc Hydro Channel Data Model Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Geo. RAS Data Model u 2 D Cross-sections (cut line) u Most u 3 D Cross-sections (surface line) u Just u of the attributes associated with cut lines for 3 D representation A number of “profile” lines u Stream centerline u Banks u Flowpath u lines A number of tables u Manning’s N u Node Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Geo. RAS Data Model u Arc Hydro inheritance u Hydro. ID u Use of Hydro. ID for relations between the 2 D cross-section representation and its derivatives (XS 2 DID) u Departure from Arc Hydro u Additional feature classes – both of flowline (levees, side weirs, …) and hydrography (land use, ineffective flow areas, …) types u TIN or GRID for surface definition u Additional Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. fields Arc Hydro

Geo. RAS Data Model - Schema Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Arc Hydro Tools Overview u Arc Hydro tools – selected topics u Key concepts u Global u Tools delineation – scaling issues overview Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Arc Hydro Tools Key Concepts Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Key Concepts u Transitions between the raster and vector worlds – integrated operations u “Relationships between objects linked by tracing path of water movement” Raster Extended Network Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Vector Network Logical Schema Arc Hydro

Terrain Processing • Start with the terrain model • Identify drainage patterns • Identify catchments Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Network Generation • Start with the drainage pattern • Define hydro edges from drainage lines • Generate junctions at confluences • Build the geometric network Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Connecting Catchments to Junctions • Start with the catchments • Identify drainage points • Link drainage points to junctions Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Extended (Hydrologic) Network • Combination of hydro network and drainage areas connected through junctions. • Allows tracing through network and selection on drainage areas Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Node-Link Schematization • (1) Start with the catchments • Find centroids • Continue with drainage lines • Find confluences • Connect nodes Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Node-Link Schematization • (2) Transition from geo representation to logical representation • Support for various modeling efforts Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Global Delineation (1) u Deal with scalability issues related to DEM size (large areas/high resolution) u Approach u Combine raster analysis on individual areas (any size) that are manageable from DEM point of view, and network analysis between the individual areas u Example – 10 HUC 8 cataloging units Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Global Delineation (2) u Start with well defined database design structure u Apply it independently to all DEM processing units u Hydro. ID does not have to be unique across GDBs Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Global Delineation u (3) Construct the extended network u Some work involved for HUC 8 processing units Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Global Delineation Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. (4) • Define the point • Delineate local watershed • Trace upstream • Identify contributing catchements • Merge shapes and store Arc Hydro

Global Delineation u Currently area and few topographic characteristics are computed – other parameters of interest are being added u Aggregation u (5) types – additive, min, max, special Potentially interesting issues u Geometry u Speed size and complexity in aggregation (preprocessing option) Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Arc Hydro Tools Overview Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Arc Hydro Tools Overview u A set of tools that “exercises” the Arc Hydro model u u u (1) Integral with standard Arc. GIS functionality Key field (property) management. u Hydro. ID & related IDs u Length/Area measures Core functions u DEM-based watershed delineation u Network generation u Attribute and network tracing and summary operations Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Arc Hydro Tools Overview u (2) Distribution (version 1. 3, 1. 4, 2. 0 beta) u A toolbar with packaged menus and buttons u A toolbox with selected functions u Supporting documentation/help u Arc. GIS 8. 3 and Arc. GIS 9/9. 1/9. 2/9. 3 versions, 2. 0 version for Arc. GIS 10 Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Walk-through u Global delineation (accumulation of characteristics as well) u Local delineation u Trace on the network using standard network tracing techniques u Trace using Next. Down. ID u Accumulate u Schematization Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Many Aspects of Arc Hydro Database design Marketing Tools Application “Standard” Development environment Saxe, John Godfrey, 1963, “The Blind Man and the elephant”, New York: Whittlesley House Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Elephant illustration © 2002 Jason Hunt www. naturalchild. org/jason Arc Hydro

Applying Arc Hydro u Extension of Arc Hydro data model for support of water resources applications u Addition of features and feature classes u Addition of functionality (tools) u Various entities u ESRI u CRWR u Other (SFWMD, SARA, WAM, …) (USGS, OMNR CA, SJRWMD, PBS&J, …) Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Applying Arc Hydro Highlighted implementation Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Arc Hydro Customization at SWFWMD (1) u District Function u Water supply u Flood protection u Water quality u Natural systems Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Arc Hydro Customization at SWFWMD (2) u Arc Hydro data model extension u GWIS (Geographic Watershed Information System) u Modeling u support (ICPR) Deranged terrain processing u Management u u of pitted terrains Structures u Hydraulic element points u Hydraulic subelements Tools u Arc Hydro geodatabase import u Geoprocessing Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Pitted Terrain Analysis Prescreen & Evaluate Sinks - Select Based on User Thresholds Delineate Catchments Draining into Selected Sinks (where “Is. Sink” = 1) Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Surface Connectivity Drainage Points within Catchments Hydro. Junctions (Low Point of Basin or Low Point of Boundary) Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Hydro. Edges (Boundary Link Flowlines) Arc Hydro

Field Acquisition of Hydraulic Features Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Hydraulic Element Points Same Hydro. Code assigned to Hydrojunction & Subelements (i. e. 302125_003) Hydro. Junction TR = Top of Road UIC = Upstream Invert of Culvert, GR = Natural Ground ERM = Elevation Reference Mark Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Hierarchy of Hydraulic Features Hydro. Junction / Hydro. Edge Sub Elements Hydraulic Element Points Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. General Location & Type Hydraulic Structure Information Tables Specific Location (X, Y) & Elevation (Z) Arc Hydro

ID Assignment at Culvert Location Point. Type = UIC Junction. ID = 7 Sub. Element. ID = 117 Sub. Element. ID = 118 Hydro. Junction Sub. Element: Pipe_Barrel Hydro. ID = 117 Junction. ID = 7 Hydro. ID = 118 Hydraulic. Element. Point Hydro. ID = 117 Hydraulic. Element. Point Hydro. ID = 7 Sub. Element: Pipe_Barrel Hydro. ID = 118 Junction. ID = 7 Hydraulic. Element. Point. Type = DIC Junction. ID = 7 Sub. Element. ID = 117 Sub. Element. ID = 118 • Each Culvert (Barrel) is a Subelement with a Unique Hydro. ID (117, 118) • The Hydro. Junction represents the general location of the Sub. Elements • The Sub. Elements are related to the Hydro. Junction through the Junction. ID • The Sub. Elements are made up of Hydraulic. Element. Points (UIC, DIC, etc. ) • Hydraulic. Element. Points are related to the Sub. Elements through the Sub. Element. ID Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Sub Element Tables Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Connect Hydro. Junction tool Hydraulic Element Points identify a culvert location User manually places Hydro. Junction Tool connects Hydro. Junction (and snaps it to Drainage Boundary) (and creates Structure Link) Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Applying Arc Hydro Various implementations Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

River Hydraulics in Arc. GIS 9 (HEC-Geo. RAS) u Work with HEC on developing Geo. RAS solution for Arc. GIS platform. u Fully support RAS 4. 0 spatial functionality u New (improved) UI u Additional spatial data input w Levees, ineffective flow areas, … w Terrain definition by TIN and GRID w Multi-TIN/GRID terrain representation u XML data I/O u Released as HEC “product” u Extension of Arc Hydro data model Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

River Hydrology (HEC-Geo. HMS) u Work with HEC on developing Geo. HMS solution for Arc. GIS platform. u Fully support Geo. HMS 1. 1 functionality u New (improved) UI u Additional characteristics u XML data I/O u Will be released as HEC “product” u Extension of Arc Hydro data model u Status u Beta completed u In works: HMS 3 support (Mod. Clark) Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Map 2 Map (rainfall to floodplain) Flood map Model for as output FLO ODP LAIN MAP flood flow HMS Model Nexrad rainfall map as input Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. for flood depth Arc Hydro

Stream. Stats (USGS) u Implementation of USGS regression equations for flow computations at ungaged locations u Web based application (and desktop) u Status – many States completed, work on several others in progress u Additional work contracted u Full implementation in Arc Hydro – all new GIS functionality is rolled-into Arc Hydro u Arc. GIS Server implementation Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

So. Cal Fires Debris Flow Predictions u Implement USGS debris flow prediction model within Arc. GIS environment u Peak flow u Probability u Custom u of occurrence regression calculator Built on top of Arc Hydro and Stream. Stats functionality for watershed delineation and characterization u Generalization u Export u of characteristics extraction to Excel New functionality rolled-into Arc Hydro Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

So. Cal Fires Debris Flow Predictions Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro

Discussion Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro