De facto segregation segregation that exists by practice

• De facto segregation: segregation that exists by practice and custom • De jure segregation: segregation by law • De facto segregation is harder to fight • White flight to suburbs

• 30, 000 African Americans to City Hall • End de facto segregation • Whites throw rocks

• Harlem • Watts, Los Angeles –Thirty-four people killed –Millions of dollars of property destroyed

• “If you think we are here to tell you to love the white man, you have come to the wrong place” • Self-defense • Nation Islam • Blacks should separate from white society

• Pilgrimage to Mecca • “I have prayed … with fellow Muslims whose eyes were the bluest of blue, whose hair was the blondest of blond, and whose skin was the whitest of white. ” • New view on whites • LET US TRY THE BALLOT

• Split with Black Muslims • Shot and killed while giving speech in Harlem • 1965

• Black Panthers • Fight police brutality in the ghetto • Upset that an unfair number of blacks were drafted to serve in Vietnam • Self-defense • Created free medical clinics, assistance to homeless, daycare centers