DAY 14 Big Eras Cultural Diffusion Ex Oriente

DAY 14: Big Eras, Cultural Diffusion, Ex Oriente Lux, and Egypt as a foundational civilization. Created by Paul R. Duffy University of Michigan pduffy@umich. edu World History Initiative, Amended and altered by Anthony Salciccioli, Clarenceville Schools

Neolithic Copper Age Bronze Age Iron Age Time 200 BC 700 BC 1500 BC Romans turn inland toward Celts Iron making Bronze making common 3000 BC Proto-Indo-European leaves steppe ‘homeland’ 3600 BC States in Mesopotamia 3800 BC 4500 BC 7000 BC Farmers on British Isles and all throughout Europe Farmers reach Northern Europe, copper metallurgy in Balkans, chiefdoms in Mesopotamia Farming package leaves Fertile Crescent Significant moments in Europe and the Near East

Neolithic tools were made of stone and bone. Only so much you can do with these.

Copper production takes off (c. 4500 BC) Metallurgical slag Native copper Copper axes Copper head ornament

Bronze production takes off (c. 2500 -1500 BC) • Advances in metal working • Increase in military symbolism • Increase in difference between burial inclusions Early Bronze Age burial at Leubingen, Germany 1900 BC Bronze and moulds from Hungary, c. 1400 BC

Iron Production Iron lance head, Hungary Iron razor, Early Iron Age Germany Bronze figurines, Late Iron Age Hungary

Big Rules of History: 1. Cultural diffusion changes the world 2. More metal…more advanced civilization

Spondylus

Distribution of Spondylus in the Neolithic shows several things about mankind.

Amber Necklace from Wessex culture burial (Early Bronze Age)

Amber in Early Bronze Age Italy Amber source Finished amber

Amber and bronze demand in central Europe High demand for imports

“Ex Oriente Lux, Ex Occidente Lex”- “From the East light, from the West law”. If Greece is root of Western Civilization, it was influenced by civilizations in the East.

Get out your Geo. Histo. Grams and let’s chart the path of Ancient civilization to today. 1) Divide up world into West and East. Where should the Middle East fit in? 2) Where are the four River Valley Civilizations? What later civilizations did they influence? 3) Trace the United States of today to our roots.

LET’S BEGIN LEARNING ABOUT EGYPT. LET US POOL OUR FINDINGS ABOUT THEM AS A CLASS