Database Systems Dr Don Goelman Some History Early

Database Systems Dr. Don Goelman

Some History Early Systems n n 1960’s: ad-hoc programs give way to DBMSs (IDS – C. W. Bachman) 1970’s: two big developments w Systematization of the network model (CODASYL/DBTG) w Introduction of relational model (E. F. Codd, CACM)

Three classical “Record Based” Models Hierarchical Relational IMS S 2 K n Network n n n n IDS IDMS Total Adabas DMS 2 n n n n System R Ingres QBE Oracle Access Sybase Foxpro DB 2 Informix

Two Modern Models Object n n Object. Store Objectivity O 2 Versant Object-Relational n n n Uni. SQL Oracle 8 Informix Univ. Server w Illustra w Post. GRES

Current Areas of Exploration ODBs and Object/Relational DBs Distributed Databases Client Server Architecure GUIs Data Warehouses Data Mining DB over the Web

Literature ACM TODS ACM SIGMOD Record IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering Intelligent Enterprise

DB Systems: A Brief Time Line Pre 1960’s Event 1945: Magnetic tapes developed (the first medium to allow searching) Consequence Replaced punch cards and paper tape. 1957: First Commercial Computer Installed 1959: Mc. Gee proposed notion of generalized access to electronically stored data 1959: IBM Introduced the Ramac System Read data in nonsequential manner and access to files became feasible.

The 1960’s Event 1961: The first generalized DBMS- GE’s Integrated Datasource (IDS) – designed by Bachman popularized data structure diagrams. Consequences Formed the basis for Network Data Model developed by Conference on Data Systems Languages Database Task Group (CODASYL DBTG)

1960’s continued Event Consequence 1965– 70: w. Generalized file management systems developed by numerous vendors w. Information Management System (IMS) developed by IBM w. IMS DB/DC (database/data communication) System was the first large-scale DB/DC system w. SABRE, developed by IBM and American Airlines w. Provided two-level conceptual/user view organization of data w. Formed the basis for Hierarchical Data Model w. Supported network views on top of the heirarchies w. Allowed multi-user access to data involving a communication network

The 1970’s Event Database technology experienced rapid growth Consequences Commercial systems followed CODASYL DBTG propoal, but none fully implemented it. IDMS system by B. F. Goodrich, Honeywell’s IDS II, UNIVAC’s DMS 1100, Burroughs’s DMS-II, CDC’s DMS 170, Phillip’s PHOLAS and Digital’s DBMS 11. Several integrated DB/ DC Systems: Cincom’s TOTAL plus ENVIRON/1. DBMS developed as an academic discipline and research area.

1970’s continued Event 1970: The relational model is developed by Ted Codd, an IBM research fellow Consequence Laid foundation for database theory 1971: CODASYL Database Task Group Report 1975: ACM Special Interest Group on Management of Data organized first SIGMOD international conference Provided a forum for dissemination of database research

More 1970’s Event 1975: Very Large Data Base Foundation organized first VLDB conference 1976: Entity-relationship (ER) model introduced by Chen. Research projects: System R (IBM), INGRES (U. C. Berkeley), System 2000 (U of Texas Austin), Socrate Project (U of Grenoble, France), ADABAS (Technical U of Darmstadt, W. Germany). Query Languages developed: SQUARE, SQL, SBE, QUEL Consequence Provided forum for dissemination of database research