Data information knowledge and knowledge resources tzchiutmu edu

資料, 資訊, 知識與知識資源 Data, information, knowledge and knowledge resources 邱子恒 tzchiu@tmu. edu. tw 臺北醫學大學通識教育中心 2016. 10. 05

資料、資訊與知識 Data = raw facts Information = organized data, tangible representation of data Knowledge = Information in context of individual’s role, learning behavior, and experience Source：Abram, Stephen. “Post information age positioning for special librarians : is knowledge management the answer? ” in Knowledge Management : a new competitive asset. (Washington, DC : SLA, 1998): 182 -184. 3

The Knowledge Continuum – 資料（Data） 常用的動詞 資訊專業人員 之處理方式 處理之技術 n. Collect n. Standardize n. Electronic n. Database n. Find management n. Computer record n. Records management n. Tag conversion from print n. SGML or HTML conversions n. Electronic aggregation n. Image / text formatting n. Organize n. Aggregate n. Format Source: Stephen Abram 未來的問題 By moving towards information aimed at the needs of an individual, does the role and importance of large databases aimed at mass markets decline? 5

The Knowledge Continuum – 資訊（Information） 常用的動詞 資訊專業人員之 處理方式 處理之技術 n. Display n. Index n. BPR n. Chart n. Catalogue n. Network n. Format n. Select n. Electronic n. Graph n. Organize n. Represent n. Deliver n. Publish n. Format layout n. Electronic distribution n. Picture n. Enhance n. Improve 未來的問題 Does increasing the number of information transactions make an organization more successful? Or should we focus on the quality of the transaction? Source: Stephen Abram 6

The Knowledge Continuum – 知識（Knowledge） 常用的動詞 資訊專業人員 之處理方式 n. Knowing n. Serve n. Learning n. Interpret n. Filtering n. Educate n. Evaluating n. Train n. Balancing n. Find n. Lead n. Direct n. Improve Source: Stephen Abram 處理之技術 未來的問題 n. Groupware If we accept that knowledge can n. Intranets only be stored n. Search Tools effectively in an n. World Wide individual Web human brain, how do we store n. Decision support systems information so that it can be absorbed as knowledge faster? 7

The Knowledge Continuum – 行為（Behaviors） 常用的動詞 資訊專業人員 之處理方式 n. Do n. Authority n. Decide n. Endorsement n. Choose n. Confidence n. Apply n. Satisfaction n. Enact n. Contribute n. Act 處理之技術 未來的問題 No technology –just intelligent, informed, impactful behaviorthe 3”Is” What are the roles of special librarians in having material and measurable impacts on the behaviors within their organizations or upon their clients? Source: Stephen Abram 8

資料+5 C=資訊 Contextualized 脈絡化 Categorized 歸納 Calculated 計算 Corrected 訂正 Condensed 濃縮 20

資訊+4 C=知識 Comparison 比較 Consequences 知曉因果 Connections 關聯 Conversation 人際溝通 21

知識轉移的類型 連續性轉移(serial transfer) 相似性轉移(near transfer) 差異性轉移(far transfer) 策略性轉移(strategic transfer) 專家式轉移(expert transfer) 25

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