DARPA MTO MEMS SMART DUST K Pister J

Goals • Autonomous sensor node (mote) in 1 mm 3 • MAV delivery •

COTS Dust GOALS: • Create a network of sensors • Explore system design issues

COTS Dust - RF Motes • Atmel Microprocessor • RF Monolithics transceiver • 916

COTS Dust - Network Simulation Cheap platforms --> Lots of nodes --> Network challenges!

COTS Dust - Optical Motes Laser mote • 650 nm laser pointer • 2

Video Semaphore Decoding Diverged beam @ 300 m Shadow or full sunlight Diverged beam

Optical Communication (vs. RF) • Pro: • • • low power small aperture spatial

2 D beam scanning AR coated dome lens Steering Mirror laser CMOS ASIC SMART

6 -bit DAC Driving Scanning Mirror • • • Open loop control Insensitive to

Power and Energy • Sources • Solar cells • Thermopiles • Storage • Batteries

Dust Delivery • Floaters • Autorotators • solar cells • Rockets • thermopiles MOTE

MAV Delivery Built by MLB Co. • 60 mph • 18 min • 1

Applications • Do. D • • • Battlefield sensor networks Sensor mine-fields, burrs and

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DARPA MTO MEMS SMART DUST K. Pister, J. Kahn, B. Boser (UCB) S. Morris (MLB) SMART DUST

Goals • Autonomous sensor node (mote) in 1 mm 3 • MAV delivery • Thousands of motes • Many interrogators • Demonstrate useful/complex integration in 1 mm 3 SMART DUST

COTS Dust GOALS: • Create a network of sensors • Explore system design issues • Provide a platform to test Dust components • Use off the shelf components SMART DUST

COTS Dust - RF Motes • Atmel Microprocessor • RF Monolithics transceiver • 916 MHz, ~20 m range, 4800 bps • 1 week fully active, 2 yr @1% N W E S 2 Axis Magnetic Sensor 2 Axis Accelerometer Light Intensity Sensor Humidity Sensor Pressure Sensor Temperature Sensor SMART DUST

COTS Dust - Network Simulation Cheap platforms --> Lots of nodes --> Network challenges! SMART DUST

COTS Dust - Optical Motes Laser mote • 650 nm laser pointer • 2 day life full duty CCR mote • 4 corner cubes • 40% hemisphere SMART DUST

CCR Interogator SMART DUST

Video Semaphore Decoding Diverged beam @ 300 m Shadow or full sunlight Diverged beam @ 5. 2 km In shadow in evening sun SMART DUST

1 Mbps CMOS imaging receiver SMART DUST

Optical Communication (vs. RF) • Pro: • • • low power small aperture spatial division multiplexing high data rates LPI/LPD baseband coding • Con: • line of sight • atmospheric turbulence SMART DUST

Turbulent Channel SMART DUST

Micro Mote - First Attempt SMART DUST

2 D beam scanning AR coated dome lens Steering Mirror laser CMOS ASIC SMART DUST

6 -bit DAC Driving Scanning Mirror • • • Open loop control Insensitive to disturbance Potentially low power SMART DUST

Power and Energy • Sources • Solar cells • Thermopiles • Storage • Batteries ~1 J/mm 3 • Capacitors ~1 m. J/mm 3 • Usage • Digital control: n. W • Analog circuitry: n. J/sample • Communication: n. J/bit SMART DUST

Dust Delivery • Floaters • Autorotators • solar cells • Rockets • thermopiles MOTE • MAVs SMART DUST

MAV Delivery Built by MLB Co. • 60 mph • 18 min • 1 mi comm SMART DUST

Applications • Do. D • • • Battlefield sensor networks Sensor mine-fields, burrs and fleas Traffic mapping Captured terrain surveillance Bunker mapping. . . • Civilian • High speed/low power IRDA • Interactive virtual ballet • . . . SMART DUST