DARPA Co AX Standalone Contributions DARPA Briefing November

DARPA Co. AX Stand-alone Contributions DARPA Briefing - November 2000 Dartmouth College, UMichigan, MIT Sloan, Coalition Agents e. Xperiment (Co. AX) http: //www. aiai. ed. ac. uk/project/coax/

Stand-alone Contributions u u u Dartmouth Field Observation Agent MIT Robustness Service Michigan Coordination Planning Aid Co. AX /Tech Briefing - 2

Field Observations (Dartmouth) • Act. Comm Project • Dartmouth, Harvard, RPI, Illinois, ALPHATECH, Lockheed Martin • Department of Defense Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative • Developing a system to provide network access to soldiers in the field • Co. AX Goal • Demonstrate the ease with which the large Act. Comm “legacy” system can be integrated with the rest of Co. AX via the DARPA Co. ABS Grid Co. AX /Tech Briefing - 3

Field Observations (Dartmouth) • Team of soldiers • PDA’s • Ad-hoc wireless networking • Soldiers make observations. • Ground air traffic • Personnel and equipment • Buildings and other structures • Observations fed into battle-planning systems (e. g. , MBP) through the Co. ABS Grid. • In the demo, a team of Co. AX soldiers will make observations to correct Gao misinformation. Co. AX /Tech Briefing - 4

Field Observations (Dartmouth) I see a tank! D’Agents API Observation Agent Grid API Query/ Response Registration/ Update Stream Observations Co. AX /Tech Briefing - 5 Observation Viewer (9 -month demo standalone) MBP (18 -month demo integrated)

Field Observations (Dartmouth) 29 -SEP-2012 13: 47. 56 OBSERVATION 0018 VEHICLE Observer : 16. 35 N, 35. 28 E, Elevation 530 m Sightline: 270 deg, 0 deg down, 2000 m Vehicle : Gao, flatbed truck, 3 axles, heading: 180, speed: 60 km/h Note : 12 soldiers in flatbed Co. AX /Tech Briefing - 6

The Challenge: Robust Agent Coalitions u Coalitions are open systems u u Agents in open systems will be unreliable u u u Dynamic membership, often novel partners Intermittent bugs (3 per 1000 lines in the best crafted code) as well as the possibility of malice Infrastructures can be unreliable Current failure tolerance approaches are insufficient u u Assume closed systems (e. g. mirroring) Full rollbacks are unnecessarily inefficient for agents Co. AX /Tech Briefing - 7

The MIT Robustness Service u u Monitors agent ‘health’ via polling Responds to agent failure via intelligent task cancellation & task re-announcement Maintains reliability information (for failure avoidance) Designed for open systems - makes minimal assumptions about agents Co. AX /Tech Briefing - 8

A Working Grid Service Robustness Service EH API u u Transparently infers commitment structures Assumes (some) agents support (some of ) EH API u Message Log u u Co. AX /Tech Briefing - 9 Polling (backup: existing Grid is-alive? method) Task re-announce Cancel-task

Co. AX /Tech Briefing - 10

Benefits Validated Empirically u Up to 3 x speedup and 8 x reduced variability vs. standard timeout-retry approach Benefits increase with task complexity (decomposition tree height) and with level of EH API support u http: //ccs. mit. edu/klein/papers/ASES-WP-2000 -05. ps u Co. AX /Tech Briefing - 11

Michigan Multilevel Coordinator Agent u u u u Analyses the alternative plan spaces of coalition functional teams that plan independently and act asynchronously Works top-down with plans chosen by teams to predict unintended interactions (resource contentions; friendly fire). Identifies candidate resolutions (timing or action constraints). Notifies process panel of possible plan conflicts and computed workarounds. Operationalizes/enforces coordination decisions selected. Given more time, isolates and resolves conflicts more precisely and efficiently. Allows planning and coordination decisions to be postponed until runtime conditions become better known. Packaged as a Grid-aware component that will be proactively executing and will be utilized by the AIAI Process Panel. Co. AX /Tech Briefing - 12

Michigan Coalition Coordination Example Forces begin at aircraft carrier AC Airforce sorties to C, E, & Q for Total Exclusion Zone (TEZ) Logistics delivers humanitarian aid to refugees at F and R Army. Div 1 occupies X to prevent Agadez forces from reaching and inciting refugees at R Army. Div 2 crosses TEZ to occupy Y to monitor for Gao crossings Potential plan conflicts include friendly fire in TEZ on Army. Div 2, destruction of roads through E that Army. Div 2 might need, and contention for sea and rail transport among army divisions and logistics. Co. AX /Tech Briefing - 13

Coordinated Plans Hierarchical plan coordination incrementally recommends coordinated plans that are increasingly detailed and parallelized Logistics �P �P Move C 1 �R, C 2 �F Airforce Fly sorties Move to X Army Div 1 Move to Y Army Div 2 Time = 650 0. 02 cpu sec. Logistics Airforce Army Div 1 Army Div 2 �P �P Move C 1 �R, C 2 �F Fly sorties AC�P P �Z Z �X Move to Y Time = 500 0. 38 cpu sec. Logistics Airforce Army Div 1 Army Div 2 Co. AX /Tech Briefing - 14 �P �P Move C 1 �R AC�P Move C 2 �F Fly sorties P �Z Z �X Move to Y Time = 425 6. 04 cpu sec.

Michigan Multilevel Coordinator Agent Co. AX /Tech Briefing - 15