Dantes Inferno Holbrooks Highway to Hell No Speeding
Dante’s Inferno Holbrook’s Highway to Hell No Speeding!
ed e c o r P ith ! W ion ut a C The Vestibule Souls of the Indifferent; the uncommitted Punishment: Run through wasps & hornets while carrying a banner Soul here – Pontius Pilot for making the great refusal
River of Acheron: River of Woe Only the dead may pass across this river Charon (from Greek mythology) is the boat keeper of the Acheron The Doomed Souls Embarking to Cross the Acheron Gustave Doré
e l c r Ci 1 Homer and the Classic Poets Gustave Doré Limbo • Those who came before Christ • The Unbaptized Punishment – No hope of seeing God Always Melancholy Souls Present – Homer, Socrates, Virgil, Plato, Aristotle, Ovid…
on d an pe, b A Ho l Al Judgment Ye Wh Ent o e He r re • KING MINOS • (formerly the ruler of Crete; a son of Zeus) Minos Gustave Doré – Decides the fate and punishment of the Dead – Wraps his tail around a sinner to tell him to which circle he will be going.
King Minos William Blake
The Lustful Sins of Lust Punishment – Spin within a whirlwind for eternity Souls Here – Cleopatra, Helen of Troy, Paolo & Francesca Circ le 2 Whirlwind of Lovers by William Blake
The Lustful continued… The Souls of Paola and Francesca Gustave Doré (give the story here…)
le c r Ci 3 The Gluttons Producers of nothing but garbage and offal Punishment – live in a mixture of stinking snow & freezing rain that forms a bile slush (basically a giant garbage dump) Souls - Ciacco the Hog, a citizen of Florence Guardian – Cerberus: 3 -headed dog of hell, stands over the Gluttons slavering over them. Gluttony - 1 : excess in eating or drinking 2 : greedy or excessive indulgence
le c r Ci 3 The Gluttons Cerberus • Cerberus presides over the third circle of Hell. • He is prevented from devouring Virgil and Dante by Virgil who distracts the beast by feeding him handfuls of earth. Cerebus William Blake
The Gluttons: Circle 3 The Souls of the Gluttonous Gustave Doré
The Gluttons…continued (more art) The Gluttons Ciacco Gustave Doré
le c r Ci 4 Hoarders & Wasters (Avaricious & Prodigal) Those who are greedy & those who are recklessly extravagant. Punishment – roll stones at each other while screaming, “Why squander, ” and “Why grasp. ” Souls – You can’t recognize anyone here because their features were so dimmed from fighting. The Souls of the Avaricious Gustave Doré
Avaricious & Prodigal The Avaricious and the Prodigal Gustave Doré
The Wrathful & the Sullen People who are always sad, resentful, angry, etc. Punishment: The wrathful are immersed in the marsh of the Styx River while fighting each other Circ le 5 Punishment for the Sullen – entombed under the mud of the Styx River Souls – Filippo Argenti, who rises from the mud and attacks the Virgil and Dante
Wrathful & Sullen continued… Virgil shows Dante the Souls of the Wrathful Gustave Doré Circ le 5
Wrathful & Sullen (art) The Stygian Lake, with the Ireful Sinners Fighting William Blake
Wall of the City of Dis Guarded by the Furies and Rebellious Angels A heavenly messenger opens the gate to the city with a poof! The City of Dis and The Heretics Botticelli
Wall of City of Dis continued… • Dante and Virgil have to run past a scary minotaur (a monster shaped half like a man and half like a bull) The Minotaur on the Shattered Cliff Gustave Doré
The Heretics Circl e 6 Sin - a baptized member of the Roman Catholic Church who disavows a revealed truth Punishment – Confined to burning tombs Souls – … Guardians… The Heretics Botticelli
le c r Ci 7 Violence Against Neighbors RIN G ONE Punishment – Immersed in River of blood according to the sinner’s degree of guilt Souls – Alexander the Great, Attila the Hun The Violent against their Neighbour Botticelli
le c r Ci 7 Violence Against Oneself RIN (Suicides) TWOG Punishment – Souls encased in trees with Harpies pecking at them. Those who destroy their own bodies are denied Human Forms. Harpies are foul mythological creatures that are part woman & part bird. Harpies in the Forest of the Suicides Gustave Doré
le c r Ci 7 Violence Against God RIN G 3 THREE TYPES: • Blasphemers – stretched on burning sand • Sodomites – running on burning sand • Usurers – huddled on burning sand & sit with purses around their necks (kind of like a loan shark) Souls – Brunetto Latini, Dante’s former teacher The Blasphemer William Blake (British Museum)
Violence Against God Circle 7: Ring 3 • Capaneus - one of the seven kings who besieged Thebes. He defied Jupiter and was killed by a thunderbolt. Dante describes him as lying proud and disdainful, apparently unaffected by the flames. Capaneus the Blasphemer William Blake
le c r Ci 7 Violence Against God, Nature, and Art Brunetto Latini accosts Dante Gustave Doré RIN G 3 ART
River Styx: The River of Hate Phlegyas ferries Dante and Virgil across the Styx Gustave Doré
cle Cir 8 The Fraudulent: Panderers & Seducers • Sin – Panderers (to provide gratification for others' desires ) & Seducers (to persuade to disobedience or disloyalty; sometimes has to do with sexual) • Punishment – Whipped by devils Bol 1 gia
cle Cir 8 The Fraudulent: Flatterers • Punishment – Covered with filth • Souls Present Jason and others Definition - to praise excessively especially from motives of selfinterest Paramours and Flatterers Gustave Doré Bol 2 gia
le c r Ci 8 The Fraudulent: Simonists Bol 3 gia • Simonists are people who sell ecclesiastical favors (If you pay me money, I’ll make sure you get into heaven. ) • Punishment – Turned upside down with fire on their feet • Souls present – Pope Nicholas III - Pope from 1277 - 1280. Dante views him as one who corrupted church office. The Simonists, by Gustave Doré
le c r Ci 8 The Fraudulent: Fortune Tellers • Punishment – Their heads are twisted and then turned backwards • Souls Present – Tieresias (the blind prophet from Oedipus and Antigone) • Dante names seven souls in all, one of them a woman, Manto, after whom Virgil's birthplace Mantua was named; one of the men is probably her father Tiresias. Virgil and Dante look down from the rock bridge above. Bol 4 gia The Necromancers and Augurs William Blake
le c r Ci 8 • Bol 5 gia The Fraudulent: Corrupt Officials Punishment – Covered by boiling pitch (dirt/tar) and harassed by 10 sneaky demons • This art scene is set in the fifth chasm of the eighth circle. Bonturo Dati's fellow magistrate is being carried by a demon and is about to be thrown into the boiling pitch before being attacked with hooks. The Devil Carrying the Lucchese Magistrate to the Boiling-Pitch Pool of Corrupt Officials William Blake
le c r Ci 8 The Fraudulent: Hypocrites Bol 6 gia • Definition - a person who puts on a false appearance of virtue or religion • Punishment – Clothed in leaden mantles (like a cloak) • Souls Present – Caiaphas The Hypocrites Gustave Doré
le c r Ci 8 The Fraudulent: Thieves • Punishment – Trapped in a snake pit with their hands bound; then they change into snakes • Souls Present – Vanni Fucci Thieves Gustave Doré Bol 7 gia
Thieves: Vanni Fucci had been bitten by a serpent, instantly transformed into ashes, and then, like the phoenix, reconstituted into his former shape. This was his punishment for robbing the treasury of San Jacopo in the Church of San Zeno, Pistoia, in 1293. Here Vanni Fucci blasphemes against God with an obscene gesture. The flames rain down on him from the dark cloud above and serpents renew their attacks on him. Vanni Fucci 'Making Figs' Against God William Blake
The Fraudulent: Thieves Here, the two poets have crossed over the cliff into the seventh chasm of the eighth circle, where the Thieves are punished by serpents. The Thieves and the Serpents William Blake
le c r Ci 8 The Fraudulent: Evil Counselors Bol 8 gia • Punishment – Concealed in flames • Souls Present – Ulysses, Diomed, Guido Evil Counselors Gustave Doré
Evil Counselors (art) Virgil and Dante are now in the eighth chasm of the eighth circle, where the punishment of Evil Counselors occurs. The figures are swathed in individual flames, likened by Dante to fireflies. Ulysses and Diomed are punished for deceiving the Trojans with the Wooden Horse. Ulysses and Diomed Swathed in the Same Flame William Blake
le c r Ci 8 The Fraudulent: Sowers of Discord • Definition – (lack of agreement or harmony (as between persons, things, or ideas) b : active quarreling or conflict resulting from discord among persons or factions : Strife) • Punishment – Physically torn apart, wounded, and mutilated The Sowers of Discord Gustave Doré Bol 9 gia
The Fraudulent: Counterfeiters & Alchemists le c r Ci 8 Bol gia 10 • Punishment – diseased with all kinds of deformities • The Pit of Disease: Gianni Schicchi and Myrrha Dante sees two pale and naked shadows rushing out biting like hungry swine. One, Gianni Schicchi, grabs Capocchio by the neck with his fangs. Capocchio, is probably the Florentine alchemist who was burned alive in Sienna in 1281. The other animal-headed figure on the left is Myrrha, daughter of King Cinyras of Cyprus with whom she had an incestuous relationship. by William Blake
Giant’s Well (art) • In antiquity Geryon was a monster with three heads, six arms and three bodies joined together at the waist; he was slain by Hercules. In the middle ages, however, Geryon was equated with fraud, with the face of a just man but the body of a reptile. Geryon Conveying Dante and Virgil Down Towards Malebolge William Blake
Giant’s Well • Geryon: Giant on whose back Dante descends to lower hell; has a dragonlike form in accordance with Revelations 9: 9 -20 • The Giant’s Well leads to Circles 8 because Geryon represents Fraud. Geryon Gustave Doré
le c r Ci 9 Treachery: Traitors Against Kin (Family) Rou nd ONE • Punishment – Held in ICE with their heads bent forward The Circle of the Traitors: Dante's Foot Striking Bocca degli Abbati William Blake
le c r Ci 9 Treachery: Against Country Rou nd TW O • Punishment – Gripped by ICE while biting one another’s head Ugolino Gustave Doré • Souls Present – Archbishop Ruggieri, Ugolino
le c r Ci 9 Treachery: Against Guests & Hosts Rou 3 nd • This means being a traitor to a guest in your home or to a person hosting you (like hospitality) • Punishment – Held in ICE with head up, freezing their eyes Traitors Gustave Doré
le c r Ci 9 Rou Treachery: 4 Against Lords & Benefactors nd • This means treachery to masters (like Brutus & Cassius) • Punishment – Completely immersed in ICE, held by Lucifer Traitors Botticelli
Lucifer Dante and Virgil are now in the ninth and last circle, that of the Traitors, and have reached the inner of four concentric rings where traitors are frozen in a kind of building, shining like straw in glass. At the centre stands Lucifer, frozen from the waist down, with three heads and bat-like wings, the flapping of which freezes the heart of Hell. In each mouth he chews on a sinner: Judas Iscariot, Brutus and Cassius. Lucifer William Blake
Lucifer (art) Lucifer, King of Hell, by Gustave Doré
Lucifer (art) Lucifer Botticelli
Lucifer (art) • Dante, in the lowest circle of hell, witnesses a gigantic Lucifer who possesses three heads, the wings of a bat, and is covered with frozen, matted hair. He weeps from all six eyes a grotesque mixture of tears, blood, and pus. artist unavailable
Lucifer (art) • “We must depart from evil so extreme. ” Dante Alighieri La Divina Commedia Lucifer Salvadore Dalí
Lucifer (art) Salvadore Dali as Lucifer by Jade Christian Green
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