Dans LHC Run Plan Precision Standard Model Measurements

Dan’s LHC Run Plan: Precision Standard Model Measurements and BSM Searches Jeffrey Berryhill Fermilab 19 October 2018

Planning the LHC Physics Program • In the long run up to the first physics run in 2010, Dan was a leader in establishing the goals of the LHC physics program, from first collisions through the HL-LHC era. hep-ph/0306160 • Topics he considered pre-LHC – – – Minimum bias Dijet mass resolution Single top production VBF Higgs production Triple boson production Vector boson scattering, ZZ final state 2 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

Planning the LHC Physics Program • In the long run up to the first physics run in 2010, Dan was a leader in establishing the goals of the LHC physics program, from first collisions through the HL-LHC era. • Topics he considered pre-LHC – – – 3 Minimum bias Dijet mass resolution Single top production VBF Higgs production Triple boson production Vector boson scattering J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

Planning the LHC Physics Program • In the long run up to the first physics run in 2010, Dan was a leader in establishing the goals of the LHC physics program, from first collisions through the HL-LHC era. • Topics he considered pre-LHC – – – Minimum bias Dijet mass resolution Single top production VBF Higgs production Triple boson production Vector boson scattering Not that Dan Green 4 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

An LHC Run Plan – The First Inverse Femtobarn hep-ph/0601038 Each decade in luminosity introduces a new program with new calibration capabilities 5 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

An LHC Run Plan – The First Inverse Femtobarn hep-ph/0601038 Each decade in luminosity introduces a new program with new calibration capabilities 6 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

2010 CMS Physics: Race to the top EPJC 9 (2011) 1721 • A key target for the 2010 LHC 7 Te. V physics run was the first LHC measurement of top quark production. Many CMS teams deploying a range of techniques contributed. They all succeeded! LHC is a top factory! • Dan was part of a team relying on the “M 3” (3 -jet mass) distribution in the lepton+jets final state, without relying on (first attempts at) b-tagging. It worked! 7 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

Run 1 searches with top: W’ tb Phys. Lett. B 718 (2013) 1229 • Top samples accumulated in 2011 were big enough to supersede Tevatron searches • Dan was part of team that searched for a 1 -2 Te. V W’ boson in the tb channel • First exploiting the invariant mass of the tb pair and then merging with a team that attacked it with a BDT. • 1. 8 (1. 5) Te. V limit for right (left) handed W’ production 8 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

An LHC Run Plan – The First Inverse Femtobarn hep-ph/0601038 Each decade in luminosity introduces a new program with new calibration capabilities 9 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

Phys. Rev. D 90 (2014) 032004 Electroweak Precision at LHC: W charge asymmetry • 0. 1% asymmetry precision attained across the whole rapidity range • Significant PDF constraints for valence and sea quarks at medium x • Precision sufficient to break MSTW parameterization! https: //arxiv. org/abs/1211. 1215 10 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

Phys. Rev. D 90 (2014) 032004 Electroweak Precision at LHC: W charge asymmetry • • By the end of 2011, CMS had more than 20 million W decays to muons This huge sample could be used to constrain proton PDFs like never before Dan was part of the first precision measurement of the muon charge asymmetry in Ws Requires exquisite muon momentum calibration and MET modelling ~106 W 11 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

Phys. Lett. B 718 (2013) 752 Electroweak Precision at LHC: Z asymmetry • • By the end of 2011, CMS had more than 3 M Drell-Yan decays to dileptons Angular distributions probe interference structure of different DY amplitudes • Forward-backward asymmetry has a strong dependence with mass on Z-g* (and Z-BSM!) interference Requires precise knowledge of lepton acceptance and efficiency Will ultimately lead to LEP-like precision in sin 2 q. W • • 12 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

Beyond Standard Model Searches: Multiboson Interactions and Vector Boson Scattering 13 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

Effective Field Theory and Boson Interactions UNBROKEN • For generic new physics effects descended from some high energy scale L, explore operator product expansion with Wilson coefficients c_i • Before EWSB, 5 gauge boson interaction terms respect gauge invariance (3 CP even + 2 CP odd) • After EWSB, induces trilinear VVV’, VV’H, and quartic interactions with correlated coefficients. • At dim 6, expect WWg, WWZ interactions with 3 CP-even parameters (g 1, k, l) • Manifested as high mass/momentum production tails 14 BROKEN

Effective Field Theory at dim 8 • SM has 4 quartic interactions (QGCs): WWWW, WWZZ, WWgg, and WWZg • Dim 6 OPE has QGC correlated with TGC dibosons dominate their constraints • 19 new quartic terms become relevant at Dim 8. Neutral 4 boson vertices can be non -zero (ZZZZ, ZZZg, ZZgg, Zggg). • Manifested as triboson or vector-boson scattering phenomena SM Quartic interactions 15

Roadmap to Vector Boson Scattering Pre-LHC, Dan had already planned how to reach the vector-boson scattering goals for CMS, including a staged understanding of multiboson interactions: 1. 2. 3. 4. 16 Resonant and non-resonant diboson production/TGCs W+2 jet and VBF W production Triboson production/QGCs WV + 2 jet production, extract VBS/QGC amplitude J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

Eur. Phys. J. C 73 (2013) 2469 Resonant diboson production: Heavy H WW search In 2011, all Higgs masses were fair game. The heavier masses searched in ZZ(2 l, 2 l 2 v, 2 l 2 j) and WW(lvlv, lvjj). Early on, Dan recognized that lepton+jets was the superior mode for anomalous diboson production of all kinds • WV modes have higher cross sections (except in Higgs ) • lvjj final state has high branching fractions • lvjj has manageable backgrounds at high PT • High PT hadronic W merges into “W/Z-tagged” jet • WV system has sharp mass observables Selecting W+2 jet events and using the four-body mass, SM-like heavy Higgs excluded up to ~600 Ge. V 17 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

Non-resonant diboson production: WV Phys. Lett. B 772 (2017) 21 With a W-tagged jet mass reconstruction technique at high PT, this becomes a strong idea for constraining high PT WW or WZ diboson production. Select W lv + a high-PT W-tagged jet Anomalous triple-gauge couplings manifest as a high -PT tail in the hadronic V momentum Best Run 1 TGC constraints! 18 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

Non-resonant diboson production: WV Phys. Lett. B 772 (2017) 21 With a W-tagged jet mass reconstruction technique at high PT, this becomes a strong idea for constraining high PT WW or WZ diboson production. Select W lv + a high-PT W-tagged jet Anomalous triple-gauge couplings manifest as a high -PT tail in the hadronic V momentum World’s best TGC constraints! 19 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 (2012) 251801 Non-resonant diboson production: W+2 jet anomaly? In 2011, CDF reported a 3. 2 s excess in the W+2 jet channel at a dijet mass near 150 Ge. V Dan’s team was ready to address this directly in the more powerful LHC dataset and did not find any confirming evidence. It excluded many interpretations of the CDF anomaly at high CL. CDF later revised their jet energy scale and efficiency systematics, which erased the significance of the excess. CMS CDF 20 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

Vector boson fusion: W edition JHEP 11 (2016) 147 Pre-LHC, Dan had written about how VBF Higgs production could be checked with VBF W or Z production. On the way to Higgs discovery, we skipped this step VBF Z production was uncovered later for the first time, only by using all Run 1 data. Dan realized that the W case would be a lot easier. Selecting W+2 jet events with a very large dijet invariant mass and rapidity separation, VBF W production was clearly seen for the first time! 21 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

Phys. Rev. D 90, 032008 (2014) The first search for triboson production Dan had written before about the possibility of triboson production at LHC and its impact on anomalous quartic gauge couplings. He realized it was easy to extend the WV analysis to the WVg triboson final state. His team performed the first LHC search for triboson production and achieved unique QGC limits for its time. 22 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

First searches for vector boson JHEP 06 (2017) 106 scattering Phys. Lett. B 770 (2017) 380 Now all of the tools and data were available for vector boson scattering studies in diboson+2 jet final states. Wg and Zg had the best S/B, so Dan’s team + PKU collaborators started looking there. They set Run 1 limits on a large range of QGCs. Run 2: VBS has been observed in the W+W+ channel. In progress is the culmination of this program with VBS WV production, which, like inclusive WV, should have the world’s best sensitivity to anomalous couplings. SMP-18 -006 (restricted) Stay tuned, the plan is still being carried out! Wg +2 jet Zg +2 jet WV +2 jet 23 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018

A portion of the beneficiaries of Dan’s plans! Thanks Dan! 24 J. Berryhill | Precision SM Measurements and BSM Searches at CMS 10/19/2018