DAILY QUIZ 1 Which of the following was

DAILY QUIZ 1. Which of the following was NOT an advantage of the Union a. b. c. d. 2. Population Transportation Wealth Motivation Which of the following was NOT an advantage of the Confederacy a. b. c. d. Motivation Government Leadership Military Leadership Knowledge of Land

LIFE OF A SOLDIER IMAGINE YOURSELF AS A SOLDIER

EXPECTATION • When soldiers joined, they expected this war to be short, exciting, and something they would come back and share stories of the glorious things they had seen.

FIRST BATTLE OF BULL RUN (FIRST MANASSAS) First battle of the Civil War In Northern Virginia Confederate General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson held his ground “like a stone wall” and pushed the Union back forcing them to retreat Significance: North shocked and realized the war would be long and difficult

WHO WERE YOU? Nearly all soldiers in both armies were young men • White • Many younger than 18 • Volunteered African Americans were not originally allowed to join until the need for soldiers increased. • Only in the North

WHY WOULD YOU ENLIST? Motivation for soldiers to enlist in the army • Patriotism (Both sides loved their country) • Honor (to not be a coward) • Glory (some wanted the adventure) Later in the war, many soldiers would be drafted (required to join the army)

LETTERS • To pass the time, soldiers would write letters to loved ones back home. • On the next slide you are going to read a letter from a Union Soldier named Sullivan Ballou. • When he heard about the attack on Fort Sumter, he volunteered and joined the Union army. • When he joined the army, he left behind to his wife Sarah and two sons Edgar and William. • It is while waiting for battle that he decides to pass the time by writing his wife Sarah a letter. • As you read the letter, look for the motivations and explanations for WHY he is willing to fight.

LETTER TO SARAH If it is necessary that I should fall on the battlefield for my country, I am ready. I have no misgivings about, or lack of confidence in, the cause in which I am engaged, and my courage does not halt or falter. I know how strongly American Civilization now leans upon the triumph of the Government, and how great a debt we owe to those who went before us through the blood and suffering of the Revolution… Sarah, my love for you is deathless, it seems to bind me to you with mighty cables that nothing but [the Almighty] could break; and yet my love of Country comes over me like a strong wind and bears me irresistibly on with all these chains to the battlefield. - Sullivan Ballou, July 14, 1861

WHAT WOULD YOU HAVE AS A SOLDIER? Weapons: New technology • Rifles with a rifled barrel (shoot more accurate) • Minie ball bullet (caused brutal wounds) Uniform and supplies • Generally limited • Confederate soldiers often did not have uniforms and brought their clothes from home

MINIE BALL DAMAGE • The Minie ball bullet was a soft lead bullet that would expand cause a lot more damage then the typical musket ball • This, combined with the rifled barrels of the soldier's guns, made for a deadly war. • As you watch the video clip, focus on how the Minie ball bullet made the Civil War a deadly war. • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=8 Nr 4 UWi o. C 7 w

WHAT WOULD YOU DO EVERY DAY? Usually, nothing • “The war is 99% boredom, 1% sheer terror” • Most time was spent in camp waiting for battle • Training • Writing letters to family This leaves a lot of time to think about death • It was all around When you finally enter battle, fear takes over

WHAT WOULD HAPPEN TO YOU? ¼ of soldiers would die during the war, but maybe not for the reason you think • 2/3 of deaths were due to disease and infection Disease and Infection • Camps had terrible conditions and sanitation • Soldiers had poor hygiene • If wounded, doctors did not disinfect tools or hands If you made it home, the images of death would always stay with you

WHAT HAPPENED TO SULLIVAN BALLOU? • As we finish reading Sullivan's letter to his wife Sarah and find out what happened to him, consider if he regretted joining the Union army (based on his letter).

LETTER TO SARAH But, O Sarah! If the dead can come back to this earth and flit unseen around those they loved, I shall always be near you; in the garish day and in the darkest night -- amidst your happiest scenes and gloomiest hours - always, always; and if there be a soft breeze upon your cheek, it shall be my breath; or the cool air fans your throbbing temple, it shall be my spirit passing by. Sarah, do not mourn me dead; think I am gone and wait for thee, for we shall meet again. - Sullivan Ballou, July 14, 1861 Ballou died one week later at Bull Run