DAFNE 04 June 8 2004 DeeplyBound KNuclear States

DAFNE 04 June 8, 2004 Deeply-Bound K-Nuclear States A new paradigm in Nuclear Physics Atomic states K- Nuclear state Yoshinori AKAISHI Akinobu DOTE Toshimitsu YAMAZAKI

Evidence for K-ppn from 4 He(stopped K-, n) Oct. 16, 2003 M. Iwasaki et al. nucl-ex/0310018 M. Iwasaki T. Suzuki H. Bhang G. Franklin K. Gomikawa R. S. Hayano T. Hayashi K. Ishikawa S. Ishimoto K. Itahashi T. Katayama Y. Kondo Y. Matsuda T. Nakamura S. Okada H. Outa B. Quinn M. Sato M. Shindo H. So T. Sugimoto P. Strasser K. Suzuki S. Suzuki D. Tomono A. M. Vinodkumar E. Widmann T. Yamazaki T. Yoneyama

_ Few-Body KN Systems S=-1 _ Strange baryon p Di-baryon p K S=-2 = L* p p = L* L* H*? Tri-baryon p p n Tetra-baryon p n p p n Strange heavy nucleus Strange matter

DEAR @ DAFNE

- KN interaction -436 Me. V -412 Me. V none -62 Me. V -285 Me. V 5. 3 0 -27 -94. 9 -103. 0 -104. 4 p+KL(1405) n+K 0 S-+p+ S++p. S 0+p 0 (Me. V) -181. 3 L+p 0 Martin (1981) Kp. X Iwasaki et al. (1997)

A Chiral Constituent-Quark Model L. Ya. Glozman, W. Plessas, K. Varga & R. F. Wagenbrunn, Phys. Rev. D 58 (1998) 094030. Ge. V 1. 8 Theor 1. 6 1. 8 1. 6 Theor 1. 4 L(1405) 1. 2 Exp 1. 0 N D 1. 0 Exp L S(1385) S Lattice QCD quenched to 3 Q H. Suganuma et al.

Optical potential K- atom No Pauli exclusion for t-matrix: for g-matrix: _ K nucleus for E= -110 Me. V

J. Schaffner-Bielich, V. Koch & M. Effenberger, Nucl. Phys. A 669 (2000) 153. A. Ramos & E. Oset, Nucl. Phys. A 671 (2000) 481. A. Cieply, E Friedman, A. Gal & J. Mares, Nucl. Phys. A 696 (2001) 173. Shallow optical potential Deep optical potential V 0+i. W 0= -50 –i 60 Me. V V 0+i. W 0= -120 –i 10 Me. V Y. Akaishi & T. Yamazaki, Phys. Rev. C 65 (2002) 044005. N. Kaiser, P. B. Siegel & W. Weise, Nucl. Phys. A 594 (1995) 325.

_ Nuclear KNN bound states S=0 S=1 T = 1/2 T = 3/2 Unbound Above the L*+n threshold S=0 T = 1/2 E = -48 Me. V G = 61 Me. V

Structure of pp. K- 0. 8 fm fm-3 1. 36 0. 6 p 0. 4 K- p 1. 90 fm rms distance 0. 2 3. 90 fm rms distance 0. 0 0 2 4 6 r fm 8 T. Yamazaki & Y. Akaishi, Phys. Lett. B 535 (2002) 70.

Me. V 0 -50 K- + p 1 2 Me. V 3 r fm L(1405) 0 -50 K- + pp 1 2 Me. V 3 r fm 0 -50 S+p S+p L+p L+p -200 -300 -400 -500 K- + 3 He 1 2 3 r fm

J. K. Ahn, Nucl. Phys. A 721 (2003) 715 c

On the L(1405) J. K. Ahn, Nucl. Phys. A 721 (2003) 715 c p 1. 31 fm J. C. Nacher, E. Oset, H. Toki & A. Ramos, Phys. Lett. B 455 (1999) 55. M. F. M. Lutz & E. E. Kolomeitsev, Nucl. Phys. A 700 (2002) 193.

p p

Nuclear bound state 40 DEcore(Rcore) 30 20 Hasegawa-Nagata’s NN ~1 Gev repulsion 10 0 -60 -70 Me. V -80 Me. V 0 S+p 1. 0 1. 2 EK+DEcore -90 1. 4 1. 6 -200 1. 47 fm Free -100 -300 EK(Rcore) -110 -100 Rcore fm -120 1. 2 1. 4 1. 6 -400 1 2 3 r fm (-69, 66) Me. V (-86, 32) Me. V E G

EK Me. V 0 M. Iwasaki et al. , Nucl. Inst. Meth. A 473 (2001) 286. K- + 3 He ４ He (stopped T=1 Br an c ~2 hin % g -50 -108 Me. V T=0 -150 d+L-+p 0 70 90 Tn Me. V 15 Me. V 50 d+S-+p+ d+S++p- K-, n)

K-ppn (unit in Me. V) f L(1405) fit K-ppn EK BKppn 1. 00 Sch -108 -i 10 116 20 44 1. 00 K-G 127 20 44 1. 17 K-G -119 -i 10 -164 -i 6 172 11 46 Sch : Schroedinger K-G : Klein-Gordon Gp GKNN= 12 Me. V M. Iwasaki et al. BKppn=173 4 Me. V G < 25 Me. V M ~ 3137 Me. V/c 2

ppn. K- n r. N(0) = 6. 8 r 0 udd _ us uud Tri-baryon ? Kp p uud 11 or 9 quarks ? DBｔｈ-ex ~ 50 Me. V 1. 6 fm Chiral restoration ? m. K / f 2

8 Be 8 Be. K- 7 fm Density (/fm^3) 0. 0 0. 10 Density (/fm^3) 0. 0 0. 41 0. 20 Dense & Cold AMD calculation by Dote et al. 0. 83

Normal density 300 Me. V Temperature T 5 r 0 Density r T. Hatsuda & T. Kunihiro, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 (1985) 158. W. Weise, Nucl. Phys. A 443 (1993) 59 c.

Temperature Nuclear Phase Diagram 150 Me. V Quark-Gluon Plasma Tricritical point Hadrons Liquid-gas Color superconductor (2 SC), (CFL) Nuclei Dense & cold Chemical potential Color forromag. A. Iwazaki et al.

Nucleon density distribution ppn. K- pppn. K 3 fm 6 Be. K- 9 BK- 4 fm

Spectral Function 0. 0012 pppn. K- 0. 0008 pp. K 0. 0004 ppp. K 0 360 400 440

pp. K- p 1. 5 fm 1. 3 6 fm pp. K- K- p K 1. 90 fm 1. 3 fm _ us uud _ uud us uuddss Strange deuteron? Jaffe’s H* di-baryon?

Heavy-Ion Reaction ~10 A Ge. V High-density environment provided by HI fireball Invariant-mass spectroscopy for their decays ppn. KL+d K- Cold & dense fragments “Decay-channel spectroscopy”

FOPI at GSI Superb L identification from Kutsche (Ph. D) 1999

A. Andronic and P. Braun-Munzinger, priv. comm. , Oct. 17, 2003 ----> GSI SIS 100/300: best place

Concluding Remarks _ Nuclear K bound state _ K behaves as a “contractor”. Mini strange matter A new means to investigate hadron dynamics in dense&cold matter Formation/Decaychannel spectroscopies Chiral restoration? Color superconductivity? Kaon condensation? Strange hadronic/quark matter? _ Few-body K nuclear systems would provide experimental data of fundamental importance for hadron physics with strangeness. DAFNE SPring-8 J-Lab GSI J-PARC