Cymru Ewrop ar Byd Sut gall gwledydd wella

Cymru, Ewrop a’r Byd

Sut gall gwledydd wella cydweithrediad a dealltwriaeth ryngwladol? TASG: 1. ARCHWILIO 2. CASGLU GWYBODAETH. 3. YSGRIFENNU LLYTHYR • Dewiswch un wlad i’w hastudio. (Gorau oll iddi fod yn wlad nad ydych chi erioed wedi clywed amdani). • Rhowch ddisgrifiad byr o’r wlad. (Map, baner, iaith, crefydd, poblogaeth, economi, llywodraeth, neu hinsawdd. ) • Rhestrwch y tensiynau presennol yn y wlad a’r ffactorau sy’n cyfrannu at y tensiwn. (Problemau fel tlodi, rhyfel, terfysgaeth, gwrthdaro crefyddol, problemau gwleidyddol. ) • Beth yw’r ateb? Oes ffordd o leihau’r tensiwn neu’r broblem? (Soniwch am UN sefydliad neu elusen sy’n gweithio i wella’r sefyllfa neu i godi ymwybyddiaeth? e. e. Cenhedloedd Unedig, y Groes Goch, Amnest Rhyngwladol. ) • Beth fedrwch chi ei wneud? Rhestrwch eich syniadau. Oes modd ysgrifennu at rywun i dynnu sylw at y mater? Ysgrifennu at y papurau newydd, y Prif Weinidog, neu awdurdod arall? Cadwch gopi o’r llythyr.

Beth am ddewis gwlad hollol newydd? e. e. • Zimbabwe Nod y dasg? • Israel • Gwella eich dealltwriaeth o’r wlad. • Tajikistan • Disgrifio’r tensiwn sydd yn y wlad. • Iraq • Disgrifio’r sefydliadau sy’n ceisio helpu. • Kurdistan • Cynnig atebion eich hun. • Kyrgyzstan • Syria • Zambia • Afghanistan Gall erthygl papur newydd fod yn fan cychwyn. Chwiliwch am stori sy’n cyfeirio at densiwn mewn gwlad arall. Ewch ati i ymchwilio ar y we.

Dyma restr o’r sefydliadau neu elusennau sy’n gweithio ar raddfa fyd eang ac sy’n gallu helpu: OXFAM GREENPEACE ITDG (INTERMEDIATE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT GROUP) GVEP (GLOBAL VILLAGE ENERGY PROJECT) Y GRONFA NATUR FYD-EANG (WWF) MASNACHU TEG CYFEILLION Y DDAEAR AMNEST RHYNGWLADOL PAGEANT. ORG. UK WATERAID Y CYNGOR FFOADURIAID Dyma ambell i safle defnyddiol: MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES www. hrw. org FARM AFRICA www. liberty-human-rights. org. uk WAR ON WANT www. yourrights. org. uk CRUSAID www. cartercenter. org

: Dyma un esiampl o sut i gychwyn: • Cael papur newydd. Chwilio am stori. • Darllen am aelodau’r llynges a gafodd eu cipio gan awdurdodau Iran am dresmasu yn eu moroedd. • Ceisio archwilio mwy am Iran. • Ceisio deall pam bod pobl Iran yn teimlo bod pwerau’r gorllewin yn eu bygwth. • Archwilio i rôl y Cenhedloedd Unedig yn y mater. • Awgrymu sut i wella’r sefyllfa.

Gwrthdaro yn Iran Ebrill 2007 • • UK VERSION OF EVENTS 1 Crew boards merchant ship 1. 7 NM inside Iraqi waters 2 HMS Cornwall was south-east of this, and inside Iraqi waters 3 Iran tells UK that merchant ship was at a different point, still within Iraqi waters 4 After UK points this out, Iran provides alternative position, now within Iranian waters IRANIAN VERSION OF EVENTS 1 Royal Navy crew stray 0. 5 km inside Iranian waters 2 Iran gives set of co-ordinates to back up their claims 3 According to seized GPS equipment, the Royal Navy crew had previously entered Iranian waters at several other points 4 Iran informs Britain of the position where the crew were seized, inside Iranian waters

IRAN Capital (and largest city)Tehran Official languages Persian Government Islamic Republic Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad

Dyma farn rhai o bobl Iran ar y mater: Rwyf wedi tanlinellu materion i’w trafod. 1. NARIMAN MOSTOSI, 20, STUDENT, TEHRAN I think this seizure was political. I am sure it has happened many times before that British sailors have entered Iranian waters and were given a warning. But this time, the Iranian government has taken more serious action and I think this is a political sign, because of the seizure of its own diplomats in Iraq and in other places. I think that the British government should apologise for illegaly entering Iranian territorial waters.

2. ALIAKBARI, aged 41, INTERNAITONAL COMPANY, TEHRAN I don't believe that this will escalate into a crisis. It will definitely be resolved. Iran is trying to use this as a bargaining chip in negotiations. They would release them in return for freeing Iranian diplomats in Iraq or having concessions on the nuclear issue. That way they can put pressure on coalition forces. This is purely for the purpose of bargaining. Coalition forces should leave Iraq because unless they do so there will be no peace in the region. In my view this is not the correct way for Iran to make a point, but at the same time, the current situation in the region is very much a result of the occupation of Iraq. 3. AKBAR JAVADI, NEWS ANALYST, TEHRAN This is part of an orchestrated campaign for the public in Iran and I honestly don't think that these people should undergo this sort of questioning and interrogation. The situation over here is getting worse and worse. There's the nuclear issue - the Russians have backed out in aiding Iran in any way in the enrichment programme. There are other issues concerning the civil society, like clampdown on liberties. The military build up has been very much a headline issue in Iran and we are also going through a very difficult economic period. The capture of the British sailors doesn't help in any way.

MATERION SY’N CODI O FY ARCHWILIAD: • Mae Iran eisiau cynhyrchu arfau niwclear. Nid yw Prydain a’r UDA yn fodlon - pam? • Mae Iraq eisiau Prydain a’r UDA adael Iraq - pam? • Mae gan y Cenhedloedd Unedig a’r cyfryngau rôl bwysig wrth geisio tawelu’r dyfroedd – pam? • Cael eu defnyddio mae’r Morwyr Prydeinig - pam? Beth am drafod dy syniadau cyn dod i gasgliad? Ar ôl archwilio, byddaf yn gallu cynnig atebion i’r cwestiynau uchod ac yn gallu cynnig cyngor ar sut i wella’r berthynas rhwng Iran a gwledydd eraill.