Cylinder Map Twist 1 Available on Certain Talyronds

Cylinder Map (Twist) 1. Available on Certain Talyronds Only. 2. A Suitable Software Licence is Required. 3. Talymap Twist analysis required. What is Twist ? Twist Measurement Strategy Set Up Component and Instrument Measurement & Data Export Settings Measure Vertical Traces & Export Data View and Analyse Results Twist Parameter Definitions Global Excellence in Metrology 1

Cylinder Map (Twist) What is Twist ? • Twist is similar to the effect of a screw thread being present on a shaft. Twist affects the effectiveness and the lifetime of the seals placed in contact with the shaft causing leakage (or retention) due to pumping action or dryrunning, leading to premature failure. Typically the analysed twist surface wavelength is <0. 4 mm in length, inline with the size of the lipped polymer seal. Retention of liquid example shown above Global Excellence in Metrology 2

Cylinder Map (Twist) What is Twist? • Twist analysis is a method of quantifying the twist on the shaft. – – developed and patented by Daimler-Chrysler AG uses an 3 D Cylinder map of the surface measurements can be taken with suitable Talyrond instruments existing methods are based on the use of a weighted string. The shaft is turned in both directions and the distances moved noted. Global Excellence in Metrology 3

Cylinder Map (Twist) Twist Measurement Strategy • Axial extent – The axial extent of the data should be sufficient to cover the area of interest (where the seal is going to contact the shaft). – It should be greater than 2 mm and no less than 4000 points (see Level 2 Standard extract). – Note, Required data spacing of 0. 5µm – On an unknown twist quantity, two measurements are initially required. Radial extent – Data must be taken using 72 traces spaced at either – – • 5 or 0. 5 degree intervals (covering 360 or 36 degrees measurement angle). Use 5 degree spacing for measuring components with a low number (<15) of starts per revolution. Use 0. 5 degree spacing for measuring components with a high number (≥ 15) of starts per revolution. Extract from Daimler standard shown right Global Excellence in Metrology 4

Cylinder Map (Twist ) Set Up Component and Instrument CYLINDER MAP Multiple Straightness Measurements & / or Export 3 D ‘*. sur’ File to Taly. Map Global Excellence in Metrology 5

Cylinder Map (Twist ) Set Up Component and Instrument Prior to Measurement Calibrate Talyrond using 2µm or 5µm diamond stylus Stylus force set to <1 g using Correx gauge. Global Excellence in Metrology 6

Cylinder Map (Twist) Set Up Component and Instrument Important: Centre / Level Component Well Move Arm into Contact Calibrate Arm (UCS) to Component Radius (R) Calibrate Column (UCS) to Component Start (Z) 0 mm Data Length Start (Z) Start (θ) R Rotate Spindle To Start (θ) Global Excellence in Metrology 7

Cylinder Map (Twist) Measurement & Data Export Settings Select Measurement Type (Cylinder Map) Press Complete Dialogue OK Global Excellence in Metrology 8

Cylinder Map (Twist) Measurement & Data Export Settings Choose ‘Measure’ Tab Enter Measurement Name or Select Auto-Name as Required MEASUREMENT NAMING Global Excellence in Metrology 9

Cylinder Map (Twist) Measurement & Data Export Settings Choose ‘Export’ Tab Choose Destination Folder & File as Required EXPORT SETTINGS Deselect ‘Delete After Export’ to Retain Individual Straightness Results in ULTRA Database Global Excellence in Metrology 10

Cylinder Map (Twist) Measurement & Data Export Settings Choose ‘Z-Axis’ Tab Enter Vertical Measurement Details as shown COLUMN SETTINGS Gauge Range reduced to 0. 41 mm giving a resolution of 6. 4 nm Global Excellence in Metrology 11

Cylinder Map (Twist) Measurement & Data Export Settings Choose ‘C-Axis’ Tab Enter No. of Traces, Trace Spacing & Measurement Direction SPINDLE SETTINGS SHOWN FOR THE TWO MEASUREMENTS INITIALLY REQUIRED Enter Comments if Required Press OK Global Excellence in Metrology 12

Cylinder Map (Twist) Measure Vertical Traces & Export Data Wait for Straightness Measurements & Data Export to Complete Measurement Progress Indication: Data Export Progress Indication: Global Excellence in Metrology 13

Cylinder Map (Twist) View and Analyse Results Open Taly. Map File Open a the Studiable Global Excellence in Metrology 14

Cylinder Map (Twist) View and Analyse Results Operators Rotations Clockwise rotation of 90° OK Global Excellence in Metrology 15

Cylinder Map (Twist) View and Analyse Results Highlight Rotated Study in Talymap Lead Analysis (Twist) OR Global Excellence in Metrology 16

Cylinder Map (Twist) View and Analyse Results Ensure Part Diameter Correct Ensure Area of Twist is encompassed within box OK Global Excellence in Metrology 17

Cylinder Map (Twist) View and Analyse Results Daimler Chrysler Patented Analysis Displayed by Talymap Global Excellence in Metrology 18

Cylinder Map (Twist) Twist Lead parameters Definitions Lead angle Dγ (º&´) The signed angle of a lead structure, right (+ sign) and left (sign) turn Lead depth Dt (µm) The height between the wave peak and valley Number of threads DG Period length DP Number of periods (mm) The wavelength between two successive wave peaks/valleys Global Excellence in Metrology 19

Cylinder Map (Twist) Twist Lead parameters (continued) Theoretical supply cross section DF (µm²) The cross-sectional area over a period length Theoretical supply cross section per turn DFu (µm²)/U The cross-sectional area over the whole evaluation length, equal to DF*DG Contact length DLu (%) The contact length in percent corresponding to the section height at the 80% material ratio Global Excellence in Metrology 20

Cylinder Map (Twist) 1. Available on Certain Talyronds Only. 2. A Suitable Software Licence is Required. 3. Talymap Twist analysis required. What is Twist ? Twist Measurement Strategy Set Up Component and Instrument Measurement & Data Export Settings Measure Vertical Traces & Export Data View and Analyse Results Twist Parameter Definitions Global Excellence in Metrology 21