Cyber Crimes 1 The Cyber Crimes Unit 15

Cyber Crimes 1

The Cyber Crimes Unit Ø 15 Investigators Ø Three Prosecutors Ø Undercover Investigative Lab Ø In-house Computer Forensics Ø Law Enforcement Partnerships 2

The Cyber Crimes Unit Ø Investigations Ø Online Solicitation of a Minor Ø Child Pornography Ø Free Outreach Programs Ø Law Enforcement Training Ø Community Outreach Ø Student Outreach (6 th-12 th grades) 3

The Problem Ø There is an exponential growth in the use of computers to commit crimes. Ø Most local, state, and federal law enforcement agencies have not been given resources to deal with the problem. Ø Training of law enforcement, parents, teachers and the community. 5

Cyber Crimes in Texas ØSexual Assault – Texas Penal Code 22. 011 ØAggravated Sexual Assault – Texas Penal Code 22. 021 ØSexual Performance by a Child – Texas Penal Code 43. 25 6

Cyber Crimes in Texas ØOnline Solicitation of a Minor – Texas Penal Code 33. 021 ØBullying and Harassment – Texas Penal Code 42. 07 ØPossession or Promotion of Child Pornography – Texas Penal Code 43. 26 7

Cyber Crimes in Texas Ø Sexual Assault Involving a child of 14 years of age or older. Second-degree felony. 9

Cyber Crimes in Texas Ø Aggravated Sexual Assault Involving a victim younger than 14 years of age. First-degree felony. 10

Cyber Crimes in Texas Ø Online Solicitation of a Minor An adult (17 or older) communicates with a minor in a sexually explicit manner or distributes sexually explicit material to a minor through the Internet with the intent to sexually arouse any person. Third-degree felony A person to solicits a minor to meet another person, including the actor, with the intent to have sexual contact or intercourse. Third-degree felony Commit either of above and the person is younger than 14 or the defendant believes the person to be younger than 14. Second-degree felony. 12

Cyber Crimes in Texas Ø Online Solicitation Statute states that three things are not a defense: – The planned meeting did not occur. – The defendant did not intend for any meeting to occur. – The defendant was “engaged in a fantasy at the time” he committed the offense. 13

Cyber Crimes in Texas Ø Bullying and Harassment Online: A person commits an offense if, with intent to harass, annoy, alarm, abuse, torment or embarrass another, he initiates communication by telephone, in writing, or by electronic communication makes a comment, request, suggestion, or proposal that is obscene, threatens bodily injury/serious bodily injury and does the above continuously. Class B Misdemeanor 14

Cyber Crimes in Texas Ø Possession and Promotion of Child Pornography A person commits and offense if the person knowingly or intentionally possesses visual material that visually depicts a child younger than 18 years of age at the time the image of the child was made who is engaging in sexual conduct and the person knows that the material depicts such a child. Second-degree felony. 15

RECOMMENDED READING Child Molesters: A Behavioral Analysis by Kenneth V. Lanning Former FBI Supervisory Special Agent available online through NCMEC www. missingkids. com 16

Preferential Offender Ø Uses computer to facilitate their interest in children. Ø Most likely collects child pornography and child erotica. Ø Most commonly encountered offender during online investigations. 17

Preferential Offender Ø These offenders prefer to have sex with children. Ø These offenders often rationalize that children should receive their sexual education from an older, experienced person. 18

Preferential Offender Ø Often gives the child attention and affection the child may not feel they are receiving at home. Ø Often “grooms” the child to break down inhibitions through photographs or video of other children engaged in sexual activity. 19

National Statistics Ø Internet crime is the fastest growing crime in the U. S. , and children are the fastest growing victim pool. Ø There are 627, 000 registered sex offenders in the U. S. § The National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Ø There is, on average, one child molester per square mile in the United States. Ø The average child molester victimizes between 50 and 150 children before they are ever arrested. Ø The most common age at which sexual abuse begins is three. § Becker de, Gavin & Salter, Anna C. Ph. D. (2004). Predators: Who They Are, How They Operate, and How We Can Protect Ourselves and Our Children. 22

NCMEC-Cyber. Tip. Line Statistics Ø Cyber. Tipline reports made from March 9, 1998 through November 2007. Ø Ø Ø Ø Child Pornography: 471, 539 Child Prostitution: 5, 994 Chid Sex Tourism: 2, 562 Child Sexual Molestation (not in the family): 13, 275 Online Enticement of Children for Sexual Acts: 31, 336 Unsolicited Obscene Material Sent to a Child: 5, 860** Misleading Domain Name: 6, 039*** TOTAL Number of Reports: 536, 605 ** Since Sept. 1, 2002 *** Since April 20, 2004 23

What are the Risks Online?

RISKS FOR KIDS AND TEENS ONLINE Exposure to Inappropriate Material 25

Internet Statistics Ø 20% of parents do not supervise their children's Internet use at all. Ø 52% of parents moderately supervise their children's Internet use. Ø 71% of parents stop supervising Internet use by their children after the age of 14. Ø 72% of all Internet-related missing children cases involve children who are 15 years of age or older. Ø 62% of teens say their parents know little or nothing about the websites they visit. San Diego District Attorney’s Office 26

Pornography on the Internet Ø 4. 2 million pornographic web sites Ø 100, 000 Web sites offering child porn Ø Over 75% of online sexual solicitations of children and exposure to unwanted pornography is not reported to police or parents. ØTop Ten Reviews: “Internet Filter Review” 27

RISKS FOR KIDS AND TEENS ONLINE Sexual Solicitations 28

NCMEC Survey – Youth on the Internet (Ages 10 – 17) Ø Approximately 1 in 7 children received a sexual solicitation or approach. Ø 1 in 25 received an aggressive sexual solicitation such as arranging for a meeting, calling on telephone, sending them letters, etc. Ø 1 in 3 received unwanted exposure to pictures of nude people having sex in the last year. Ø 1 in 11 was threatened or harassed. ØNCMEC (2006) 29

Where did the online sexual solicitation take place? Ø 70% at home Ø 22% at someone else’s home Ø 4% at school Ø 3% at library Ø NCMEC (2006) 30

Social-Networking Statistics Ø 61% of 13 -17 year olds have a personal profile on a site such as My. Space, Friendster or Xanga. Ø Half have posted pictures of themselves online. Ø 71% have received messages from someone they did not know. Ø 45% have been asked for personal information from someone they did not know. Ø Survey commissioned by Cox Communications and NCMEC. 34

Social-Networking Statistics Ø 30% have considered a face-to-face meeting with someone they met online. Ø 14% have followed through with the faceto-face meeting. Ø 40% said they have replied and chatted with a person they did not know. Ø Survey commissioned by Cox Communications and NCMEC. 35

Dangers of Social-Networking Sites Ø If your real identity is tied to the account anyone can find you. Ø Children and teens tend to put personal information on their accounts, such as pictures, name, date of birth and location. Ø If personal information is not used, there can be slips which will lead to personal information. Ø Accounts can be set to private or they can be public. Ø Once something is posted, there is no taking it back. 36

Headlines Ø League City, TX Ø Robert Allen Wise, 38 years old, was charged with sending an unsolicited sexually explicit email to a minor and for agreeing to meet with an underage child. Ø The victim in this case was a 14 -year-old female from League City, TX. 37

Headlines Ø Port Washington, NY Ø 16 -year-old girl molested by 37 -year-old man after they met on My. Space. Ø Police state that the man misrepresented himself when he exchanged messages with the teen online. The man showed up at the girl’s afterschool job, followed her to the parking lot, forced her into his vehicle and attacked her. The girl had posted where she worked on her blog site. 38

Texas Case Ø Houston-area Arrest Ø 26 -year-old college student solicits 14 -year-old girl after meeting her on My. Space. Ø Travels 90 miles to meet her. Ø Brings a gun, bondage restraints, sexual devices and a camera. Ø Arrested by the Attorney General’s Cyber Crimes Unit. 39

Social-Networking Sites Ø Ø Ø Facebook Xanga My. Space Espinthebottle Tagged Blogspot Cpixel Hi 5 Yahoo!360 Bebo Stickam 40

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www. espinthebottle. com 42

Internet Safety Tips

Internet Safety Tips 1. Establish rules for Internet use Ø Ø What sites can your child visit? Who can they talk to? How long will they be online? Where can they use a computer? KEEP HOUSE RULES POSTED NEAR THE COMPUTER! 48

Internet Safety Tips 2. Keep the computer in a common room, not a child’s bedroom. NO WEBCAMS. 49

Internet Safety Tips Webcams Ø“Hacker Uses Webcam To Spy On Family” Click 2 Houston. com (2004). Ø 15 -year-old female surfing Internet. ØTyping message to girlfriend and her message turns sexually explicit. ØHacker opened her disc drive. ØControlling not only computer but webcam. ØThe hacker even listened to conversations thru the microphone attached to the webcam. 50

Internet Safety Tips Ø Webcam hackers use viruses, including worms and Trojan horse programs. Ø These viruses are available to anyone on the Internet. Ø Viruses can be disguised as popular movies, songs or videos. Ø Student fined for spying on women with webcam. (2005) Malaga, Spain 51

Safety Tips 3. Dangers of Cell Phones 52

Safety Tips Dangers of Cell Phones ØStill pictures ØVideo ØE-mail 53

Video Sites Ø You. Tube Ø Google Videos Ø Yahoo! Videos Ø Live. Leak Ø Daily Motion 54

Safety Tips 4. Interactive Video Games/Computer Games 55

Safety Tips Ø Video Games ØXbox System ØChatting ØWebcams ØXbox Live Ø Computer Games ØChatting 56

Internet Safety Tips 5. Discuss the importance of telling a trusted adult if something ever makes your child feel scared, uncomfortable, or confused while online. 57

Internet Safety Tips 6. Communicate Ø Prepare yourself beforehand. Ø Talk and be open with your kids and teens. Ø Keep your cool. Encourage them to confide in you. 58

Internet Safety Tips 7. Be informed ØLearn everything you can about the Internet. ØLearn chatroom lingo by going to www. missingkids. com for a list of acronyms, like “POS=Parent Over Shoulder. ” 59

“Chatroom Lingo” § § § § § § (((((name)))) - Giving so-and-so person a hug AKA - Also Known As ASAP - As Soon As Possible B 4 - Before bbl - Be Back Later bfn - Bye For Now brb - Be Right Back *EG* - an evil grin FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions FYI - For Your Information *G* - a grin G 2 G - Got To Go GB - Goodbye *GBG* - a great big grin *GBS* - a great big smile GG - Good Game gl - Good Luck imho - In My Humble Opinion imo - In My Opinion imnsho - In My Not So Humble Opinion kotc - Kiss On The Cheek § § § § § § kotl - Kiss On The Lips l 8 r - Later lmao - Laughing My Ass/Arse Off lol - Laugh Out Loud msg - Message MYOB - Mind Your Own Business pls - Please rofl - Rolling On the Floor Laughing roflmao - Rolling On Floor, Laughing My Ass Off *S* - a smile ttyl - Talk To You Later ttys - Talk To You Soon ty - Thank You w/ - With *W* - a wink wb - Welcome Back *weg* - Wicked Evil Grin wtf - What The F**k yw - Your Welcome 9 - Adult has entered room 99 - Adult has left room 60

Leetspeak • Numbers are often used as letters. The term "leet" could be written as "1337, " with "1" replacing the letter L, "3" posing as a backwards letter E, and "7" resembling the letter T. Others include "8" replacing the letter B, "9" used as a G, "0" (zero) in lieu of O, and so on. • Non-alphabet characters can be used to replace the letters they resemble. For example, "5" or even "$" can replace the letter S. Applying this style, the word "leetspeek" can be written as "133 t 5 p 33 k" or even "!337$p 34 k, " with "4" replacing the letter A. • Letters can be substituted for other letters that may sound alike. Using "Z" for a final letter S, and "X" for words ending in the letters C or K is common. For example, leetspeekers might refer to their computer "5 x 1 llz" (skills). • Rules of grammar are rarely obeyed. Some leetspeekers will capitalize every letter except for vowels (Li. Ke THi. S) and otherwise reject conventional English style and grammar, or drop vowels from words (such as converting very to "vry"). • Mistakes are often left uncorrected. Common typing misspellings (typos) such as "teh" instead of the are left uncorrected or sometimes adopted to replace the correct spelling. • Non-alphanumeric characters may be combined to form letters. For example, using slashes to create "//" can substitute for the letter M, and two pipes combined with a hyphen to form "|-|" is often used in place of the letter H. Thus, the word ham could be written as "|-|4//. “ Ø Wikipedia. org 61

Internet Safety Tips 8. Consider safeguarding options Ø Check out blocking, filtering and rating applications Ø Learn about filtering and monitoring software and when to use them. www. internetfilterreview. com www. getnetwise. org Ø Education is a key part of prevention. Use educational resources such as Net. Smartz. org. 62