Cultures of the Mountains and the Sea Chapter

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Cultures of the Mountains and the Sea Chapter 5 Section 1

Cultures of the Mountains and the Sea Chapter 5 Section 1

Mycenaean • The earliest Greeks, name comes from the city-state Mycenae. • Do you

Mycenaean • The earliest Greeks, name comes from the city-state Mycenae. • Do you remember where?

Trojan War • War between the Early Greeks and the City of Troy about

Trojan War • War between the Early Greeks and the City of Troy about 1250 B. C. , fought over trade (& Helen of Troy).

Dorian (Age) • Less advanced “northern cousins” of the southern and coastal Greeks. •

Dorian (Age) • Less advanced “northern cousins” of the southern and coastal Greeks. • Moved in after the “sea peoples” destroyed the Mycenaeans – shortly after the Trojan war. • Greek “dark” age begins: no written language - rich oral story tradition develops - Homer’s epics.

Homer • One of the greatest of the Greek Storytellers: author of The Iliad

Homer • One of the greatest of the Greek Storytellers: author of The Iliad and Odyssey. • The Illiad = Homer’s Epic story of the Trojan War

Epic • A very long poem / story. • Today we have “epic” movies

Epic • A very long poem / story. • Today we have “epic” movies like End Game!

Myth • Traditional stories that convey a moral idea, explains nature, or how the

Myth • Traditional stories that convey a moral idea, explains nature, or how the world works. • For the Greeks myths represented their ideas about religion (the gods of Mt. Olympus), their history (Trojan War), and the world.

3. What impact did nearness to the sea have on the development of Greece?

3. What impact did nearness to the sea have on the development of Greece? • Being close to the sea made the Greeks a seafaring people, this helped them to: àLearn the best other cultures had to offer (cultural diffusion). Ex: adopting the Phoenician alphabet from the Minoans. àAllows them to take advantage of TRADE.

4. What aspects of culture did the Mycenaeans adopt from the Minoans? • The

4. What aspects of culture did the Mycenaeans adopt from the Minoans? • The Mycenaeans adopted the alphabet and pottery as well as religious ideas and myths (the Minotaur).

5. Why were the epics of importance to the Greeks of the Dorian period?

5. Why were the epics of importance to the Greeks of the Dorian period? • The epics were important b/c the Greeks lacked writing at this time and the epics were a source of history and a common identity. • This is WHY you are here taking history class! – A common identity promotes unity & cultural connections

6. How did the physical geography of Greece cause Greek speaking peoples to develop

6. How did the physical geography of Greece cause Greek speaking peoples to develop separate, isolated communities? The MOUNTAINS of Greece isolated each Greek settlements from each other, eventually these isolated communities would become city-states that were fiercely independent of each other but shared a common language and cultural tradition.

7. Other than the explanation offered in the legend, why do you think the

7. Other than the explanation offered in the legend, why do you think the Greeks went to war with Troy? • The Greeks went to war over TRADE b/c TRADE = $$ = POWER! • Troy was strategically located – it controlled the Hellespont, the point at which all sea travel (trade) from the Black Sea (& sea of Marmara) must pass to get to the Aegean Sea (and Mediterranean).

The Hellespont

The Hellespont

Add to Vocab Opener: The Spartan Based on this image, what do you think

Add to Vocab Opener: The Spartan Based on this image, what do you think the Spartans were like? They were the best soldiers of their age (600 -350 B. C. ) What does the word SPARTAN mean today? Today the word Spartan means to have self-discipline, to be austere (stern or severe), to live simple – without comforts.

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