Cultural Geography Ptolemys First World Map circa A

Cultural Geography Ptolemy’s First World Map, circa A. D. 150

Bell Ringer Let’s try this again…. Which continent or region are each of the following located on/in: • • The The Sahel Gobi Ganges Amazon Atacama Rockies Sahara • • • The Arabian Peninsula The Caspian The Great Dividing Range The Rhine The Ural Mtns.

Bell Ringer Check time Bring up 3 Bell Ringers for a daily grade. You can use today’s

What is CULTURE? Culture is learned behavior that is passed on by imitation, instruction, and example. l Culture is almost entirely relative. Proper behavior shifts from culture to culture. Note: experiencing another culture is useful for gaining perspective on your own.

Geographic Importance of Culture Geographers study culture because it leaves dramatic imprints on the earth, both physical and cultural. l l l Language: a crystal ball into culture. Nationalism and Borders Material Culture: tools, clothes, toys, etc. Architecture: Suburban garages vs. earlier porches Religion: affects societal choices; creates sacred space

Bell Ringer Why is culture considered relative? What are some interesting things you have discovered about your culture in your project?

Ethnicity The term ethnicity is subjective and is based on each individual group. Ethnicity is not the same as race. It has nothing to do with physical characteristics. Ethnicity is based on cultural traits and customs such as language, religion, dress, etc.

The Cultural Landscape A cultural landscape refers to how humans have physically impacted the natural layout of the land by their actions. This includes buildings, road structures, agriculture, energy production, etc.

N. Y. C. Environmentally Determined?

What about Bali, Indonesia?

Examples of Cultural Landscape • • • Food – some food is found worldwide, but others only in some places Music – there is popular music and then folk music Architecture – cities look different across the world. Art – different ideas of art. Ex. Street art Traditions – different people have vastly different traditions.

Language One of the most unifying characteristics of a particular culture is language. Being able to verbally communicate is vital for human societies. Language can also be a point of contention if members of a society will not assimilate and adopt the language of the majority.

Examples of Ethnic Groups • • Filipinos Han Punjabi Kurds Tamils Quebecois Basque • • • Swahili Bengali Maori

The Bantu Language • • • Millions of people in Africa speak Bantu languages. The most common is Swahili is spoken as a second language in many areas of East Africa which allows many form different ethnicities with different primary languages to communicate easily.

Quebecois • • French-Canadians have used their version of French as a rallying cry for independence or at least semi autonomy of the province of Quebec. Street signs in Quebec must be written in French.

The Basques • • The Basque region with speakers of the language is located in northern Spain and extreme southwest France on the Bay of Biscay. There is a movement, as there has long been, for independence from Spain. This has led to conflict with the federal government in Madrid, who against any secession ideas.

Bell Ringer Which Bantu language brought different Sub Saharan ethnics groups together? How does language affect the Quebecois people? What part of the world are the Basque people located?

Religions Universalizing religions are religions always seeking new converts and make up the largest religions in the world. These include Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism. Ethnic religions do not seek out more followers, but are generally more locally contained to a common group of people. Ex. Islam vs. the world, Christianity in American Politics.

Gender Roles Cultural belief structures are the drivers behind assigning and continuing to perpetuate gender roles. In the developed world, women are mostly equal to men. In the developing world, women lag behind and tend to only do certain jobs with little social or political power.

Ex. Of Gender and Ethnic Disparity • • • The Caste System – In India, certain people are thought to be in certain classes for life. Apartheid – South Africa’s racial segregation system. Women in the Middle East – many women must cover their faces, can’t drive cars, hold certain jobs, or vote.

Diffusion The spread of people, customs, phenomenon, objects, or ideas. • Diseases • Popular Music • Democratic Revolutions • Religious Practices

Sense of Place Every place is unique. Imagine where you lived as a child. Where is home? Why and how do places take on meaning for human individuals? l Sensory l Architecture l Symbolic Why is each place unique?

Sense of Place Groveland, CA Bourbon Street

What kinds of cultural values are reflected in each of these American houses? Gated community?

Where are we? What values are reflected in each? What relation to physical environment?

Timber House, Switzerland Mosque in Istanbul, Turkey Yurt on Mongolian Steppe Suburban Home, Chicago

Globalization The increasing interconnectedness of different parts of the world through common processes of economic, political, and cultural change. Economic globalization is happening fastest. Panama, 1997

Ex. Of Globalization • • Coca Cola Levi’s BMW Popular Music Mc. Donald’s Twitter The Internet • The United Nations • Terrorism • Immigration • The U. S Military

Bell Ringer Study for quiz

Assessment 1. 2. Proper culture shifts from one place to another, therefore almost all culture is _______. A. Universal B. Relative C. Wrong D. Autonomous Race is a social construct that focuses on color alone, ethnicity includes color and _____. A. Language B. Religion C. Dress D. All of the above

Assessment 3. 4. A _____ landscape can include things like buildings, roads, and agriculture. A. Cultural B. Agricultural C. Location D. Geographic _____ is one of the most unifying aspects of culture. A. Automobiles B. Cities C. Borders D. Language

Assessment 5. 6. A common language known as _____ developed from Bantu speakers in Africa. A. Congolese B. Swahili C. Nigerian D. Kenyan The Quebecois want to maintain their version of ____. A. Italian B. Spanish C. French D. Russian

Assessment 7. 8. The Basques have their own language and are located between ______ and _______. A. Germany and Poland B. Switzerland Italy C. Austria and Hungary D. France and Spain ____ is an example of an ethnic religion A. Islam B. Christianity C. Buddhism D. Judaism

Assessment 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. What is the difference between gender roles in the developed world vs. the developing world? (rich countries vs. poor countries). What is the Caste System? What is Apartheid? What is meant by a “sense of place”? What is globalization? Give two examples of globalization.