Cultural Economic Changes in the Early 1800 s

Cultural & Economic Changes in the Early 1800 s

Education: “Crusade against ignorance” http: //www. rootsweb. ancestry. com/~wioconto/Frostville. School. House. WIChris. Pacetti. Coll. jpg • Jefferson believed in nationwide public schools • Wanted all male citizens to have free education • Not achieved

Education: Girls http: //2. bp. blogspot. com/_473 nr. D 5 v. Ev 8/SKQZFrch. Cl. I/AAAAAt. Q/1 W 2 Goeaba. BA/s 400/one-room-school. jpg • Republican motherhood led to girls schools for the wealthy • Few strides for most

Education: Minorities http: //media-2. web. britannica. com/eb-media/61/71161 -004 -7 BB 5 CB 33. jpg • Indians seen as “noble savages” which missionaries could convert • Blacks – no education for slaves; few opportunities in the north (or segregated)

Education: Higher level • Increase in number of colleges by 1800 • Limited to the wealthy http: //www. ushistory. org/carpentershall/history/images/williams 5. jpg

Cultural Independence: American literary and artistic life American Schoolbooks • textbooks • Noah Webster’s English dictionary http: //1828. mshaffer. com/images/noah_webster_dictionary_1828_small. jpg http: //www. merrycoz. org/books/spelling/pages/amer 000. jpg

Cultural Independence: American literary and artistic life National Literature • Washington Irving Romanticism • Landscape paintings; emphasis on the supernatural http: //www. fantasticfiction. co. uk/images/c 0/c 3423. jpg

Emergence of Industrialism http: //invention. smithsonian. org/centerpieces/whole_cloth/u 2 ei/u 2 images/tea_essay/Slatermill. jpg Samuel Slater –water powered spinning mill, 1793

New England Textile Centers: 1830 s

Lowell Girls What was their typical “profile? ”

Lowell Boarding Houses Why did the Lowell system die out?

Communication Innovations • Samuel Morse’s telegraph • Daily newspapers • An improved postal system

Transportation Innovations • • Improved transportation between states Age of turnpikes, canals, and steamboats Robert Fulton – steamboat – The Clermont Erie Canal connected the Great Lakes to NYC

Cumberland (National Road), 1811 -1836

Erie Canal System

Agricultural Inventions http: //etc. usf. edu/clipart/12700/12718/cottongin_12718_md. gif http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/5/5 f/Cotton_gin_harpers. jpg • Oliver Evans’ flour mill • Eli Whitney’s cotton gin - led to increased slavery & sectionalism • The steel plow and mechanical reaper also transformed farming

Rising Cities http: //z. about. com/d/history 1800 s/1/0/P/2/-/-/Pearl-Chatham 1861. jpg • Majority of Americans lived on farms and plantations, but there were signs of change • Philadelphia, NYC, Baltimore, Boston, Charleston • Affluence & social ills

Do these changes promote nationalism or sectionalism?