CSIR Defence Peace Safety and Security CSIR DPSS

CSIR Defence, Peace, Safety and Security (CSIR DPSS) A presentation to the Parliamentary Portfolio Committee on Defence March 2007

Contents • • • The CSIR’s mandate and role as science council. The CSIR in defence, peace, safety & security. Some outputs and examples of impact. Main challenges in achieving strategic objectives. Towards a National Defence and Evaluation Research Institute (DERI). © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

The CSIR Mandate “The objects of the CSIR are, through directed and particularly multidisciplinary research and technological innovation, to foster, in the national interest and in fields which in its opinion should receive preference, industrial and scientific development, either by itself or in co-operation with principals from the private or public sectors, and thereby to contribute to the improvement of the quality of life of the people of the Republic, and to perform any other functions that may be assigned to the CSIR by or under this Act. ” (Scientific Research Council Act 46 of 1988, amended by Act 71 of 1990) © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

From: ‘The CSIR returns to its key function: Directed Research’ – Dr Sibusiso Sibisi, November 2005 • • • Core Purpose: Shaping the future through science and technology. Research and development for the benefit of the country, including in sectors where there is currently no industry in this country. The CSIR is concerned with the innovation chain. We are not seeking to answer fundamental scientific questions – we are trying to answer scientific questions that affect the country’s socio-economic well being. In everything we do we seek to use science and technology to benefit society, the country, our region and the continent and, where appropriate generate income from our activities. We are not disengaging from any area of research, but the choices we make concerning R&D will be influenced by the wider national R&D agenda. © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

CSIR Board: Chairperson and President/CEO Dr Sibusiso Sibisi Ms Nobusi Shikwane © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

Role of Science Councils Papers Students Universities Science Government Council Department • Science & Technology • Experienced people • Strategic direction • Products • Services • Research questions • Technology demonstrators • Funding Industry © CSIR 2007 National Responsibility • Smart User, Smart Buyer, Smart Decisions • Experimentation in Applications Domain • Advanced Training • Strategic direction www. csir. co. za

Diagram of CSIR showing Units and Centres Strategy and Leadership layer CSIR Executive Board Executive Management CSIR Operating Units Defence, Peace, Safety and Security Built Environment Biosciences Materials, Science and Manufacturing Natural Resources and the Environment National Research Centres Meraka Institute National Laser Centre National Metrology Laboratory Satellite Applications Centre © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

CSIR Defence, Peace, Safety and Security (CSIR DPSS) © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

DPSS Vision ‘To contribute, through scientific and technological excellence, to the achievement of a peaceful and safe South Africa, SADC and continent’ © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

DPSS Mission • • • To contribute to an improved understanding of crime, violence and conflict and the development of innovative and effective Science and Technology solutions. To be the ‘in-house’ Science and Technology capability of key state departments and agencies in defence, peace, security and safety. To partner with the local defence and aerospace industry to improve strategic national industrial capabilities and international competitiveness. To collaborate and undertake joint projects with selected international and local organisations and laboratories. To contribute to national Science, Engineering and Technology themes, industry development initiatives and Human Capital Development objectives. To develop and maintain strategic national research capabilities, facilities and infrastructure. © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

The Defence, Peace, Safety & Security Domain STAKEHOLDER/ NATIONAL OWNER OBJECTIVE ROLE 1) Appropriate and Ready Defence Evaluation and Capabilities DOD Research Institute 2) Peace, Security and Stability in (DERI). Region and Continent 3) Support the people of South Africa • Provide a Ready Technology Base • Provide Smart Decision Maker support • Provide Smart Buyer support • Provide Smart User support • Ensure Strategic independence in identified areas 1) Implementation of National R&D strategy DST DISTINCTIVE CONTRIBUTION National Science and Technology Institution 2) Contributing to National System of Innovation • Source of innovative technologies • Custodian of identified national competences • Contributor to National Human Capital Development • Contributor to national themes and missions such as space Defence & Aerospace Industry DSS, DOJCD, DPLG, DCS, DSD evaluation facilities • Research • Next generation product technologies, • Technology development and transfer, • Test, Measurement & Analysis Fighting crime and contributing to a DERI-like capability in • Systemic approach to and understanding of safer environment safety & security Internationally competitive and Next generation sustainable Defence and Aerospace technologies, industry Specialised test & crime fighting • Smart buyer support • Smart user support • Smart decision maker support © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

User Needs Key solutions SET Platform capabilities Base SET Knowledge Infrastructure Safe & effective operations Protection of people and platforms Protection against cybernetics threats • Support acquisition of high technology equipment. • Support operation of high technology equipment. • User capability building. • Independent scientific advice. • Solutions to operational problems. Acceptance and operationalisation of new equipment Prevent and combat crime Competitive aerospace and defence industry • A SET support base for national priority crimes. • A systemic understanding of conflict and crime and ability to focus resources. • Strategic RDT&E capabilities to support innovation and industrial growth. CSIR DPSS SET base Radar & Electronic Warfare Aeronautics Systems Crime prevention Special operations support Optronic Sensor Systems modelling Crime combating Landwards Sciences • RF design and analysis • High speed digital electronic design • Signal processing and analysis • Optical design • Systems engineering • Modelling and simulation • Software development • Explosive event characterisation and effects • Specialised equipment and prototyping for situational awareness, mobility and sustainment • Experimental aerodynamics • Computational Flow dynamics • Aerostructure testing and analysis • Sensors, detection & countermeasures • Range of wind tunnels • Explosive test range & test equipment • Mobile radar and optronics laboratories • Optical labs • Motion simulators • Mobile multi-spectral photometers© CSIR 2007 • Computer clusters Systems and field test, measurement and evaluation • Crime Prevention Research • Elements of C 4 I 2 RS • Technology strategy and management • Cyber security • Systems science • Cyber security labs • Software models and tools • HIL simulators • Mechanical and electronic labs and workshops • CNC machines • Processes and practices www. csir. co. za • Ground vibration test facility Offerings 1. Generation of new knowledge and insights 2. Development and maintenance of nationally strategic and ready technology bases 3. Problem Solving 4. Decision Support 5. Capability Building 6. Operational Support 7. Technology demonstration and validation

Funding Sources © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

Outputs and Impact • • • Impartial, knowledgeable advice to support decision making Measurement and analysis of the behaviour of complex defence systems Scientific approach to problem solving and analysis of intractable and persistent problems Interpretation of international technology trends in terms of local requirements and application environments Science, Engineering and Technology capabilities in areas of strategic importance Rapid, customised and confidential solutions to problems © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

Main Challenges in achieving strategic objectives 1. Severe shortage of black engineers (and to some extent female engineers). 2. Retaining the experts and key people. 3. Financial resources and availability of young graduates to grow a new generation of scientists and engineers understanding complex defence systems. 4. Establishing an environment that will support growth of the key and critical science and technology–based skills required to support the functioning of our defence system. 5. Maintaining key test, measurement and evaluation facilities. 6. Bridging the technology chasm – resources for funding technology demonstrators. © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

CSIR DPSS as a National Defence Evaluation and Research Institute (DERI) © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

From the White Paper on Defence Related Industries - 1999 • • • Identifies the concept of a Defence Evaluation and Research Institute (DERI) for retaining and developing strategic capabilities that are of importance to the Do. D. The primary functions of such a DERI would be to support the Do. D in being an informed or smart buyer and user of equipment and in providing independence in technology areas of strategic importance. This would follow the example of technologically advanced countries. © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

International DERI’s Defence Research Canada FOI Sweden Dstl UK 78 Defence Research Laboratories in the USA TNO Holland Defence R & D Organisation India DSTO Australia © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za DSO Singapore

Strategic Management Context for DERI as derived from National R&D Strategy (2002) National System Of Innovation Governance & Funding • Fundamental research • Human capital development • New knowledge DST & DOE • Technology development & application • Sector oriented research, development and innovation Line departments e. g. Do. D Activities of DERI • Technology intensive services and infrastructure • Venture creation and IP exploitation Gov. instruments Private Sector VCF’s Do. D DST © CSIR 2007 Industry & International www. csir. co. za

Armscor Business (288 total staff) • Defence Institute • Gerotek • Ergotech • Alkantpan • Flamengro • Armour Development • IMT • Protechnik • Eclipse • Paardefontein Antenna Range Core Elements of a DERI CSIR Armscor Business Alkantpan Copperton CSIR TSO IMT OTB © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za CISR (215 total staff) • Systems Modelling • Radar & Electronic Warfare • Optronic Sensor Systems • Technology for Special Operations (PTA & STB) • Landward Sciences (with Paardefontein) • Aeronautic Systems • Safety & Security Denel (183 total staff) • Overberg Test Range Bredasdorp

DERI support roles • Smart Decision Maker support e. g. • Smart buyer support, e. g. • Smart user support, e. g. - Policy and planning Information and intelligence Technology strategy Specification Selection Acceptance testing Training Operational evaluation Upgrade © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

DERI support roles • Defence R&D for Strategic independence, e. g. - Local maintenance/upgrade Niche capabilities Own Intellectual Property Integrating local distributed research to support Do. D Leveraging international cooperative research to support Do. D requirements. © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

Compelling reasons for establishing a DERI • • • To establish a dedicated defence Research Development, Test & Evaluation (RDT&E) capability that will be able to understand complex defence systems and provide innovative solutions. To create an environment in which Science, Engineering and Technology (SET) professionals working on defence applications, will thrive. To maintain current capabilities identified as strategic and grow new ones in a sustainable way. To ensure that strategic defence RDT&E capabilities and facilities are sustainable, well funded and used effectively. To achieve an optimal return on defence investment in RDT&E. To be able to enjoy the benefits of managing the distributed defence research capabilities as a single system. © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

Towards the application of the National System of Innovation search and Technology Acquisition Validated Technology 5 + years System Deployment System Development Project Launch Product Certification 2 – 6 years 3 - 10 years 25+ years Technology Readiness R&T R&D Product Support Industry Production Product Demonstration Product Design and Development AISI Product Definition AMTS Technology Demonstrations Prototypes DERI • Directed Research Projects • Integrate across other Research Projects Technology Science Council Funding Validation Universities Technology Development Fundamental Research Science Base: Universities, Research Institutions, Industry © CSIR 2007 www. csir. co. za

Thank you