CS4513 Distributed Systems Prof Hugh C Lauer CS4513

CS-4513 Distributed Systems Prof. Hugh C. Lauer CS-4513 Distributed Systems Hugh C. Lauer Slides include materials from Modern Operating Systems, 3 rd ed. , by Tannenbaum, Operating System Concepts, 7 th ed. , by Silbershatz, Galvin, & Gagne, Distributed Systems: Principles & Paradigms, 2 nd ed. By Tanenbaum and Van Steen, and Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design, 4 th ed. , by Coulouris, et. al. CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 1

Outline for Today • Introduction to CS-4513 • What is a Distributed System? • Programming Project for this term • Introduction to File Systems CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 2

CS-4513, Distributed Systems • Continuation of CS-3013, Operating Systems – File Systems • Selected Distributed System Topics – Remote Procedure Call & Naming – Physically separated computing systems working together – Map-Reduce – Encryption and Authentication – Atomic Transactions –… CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 3

Four Principal Abstractions of almost all Operating Systems • Processes and Threads • Virtual Memory • Files • Sockets and connections CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 4

Four Principal Abstractions of almost all Operating Systems • Processes and Threads OS course • Abstracts notion of “processor” • Concurrency and synchronization • Virtual Memory OS course • Address space in which a process “thinks” • Physical memory is cache of virtual memory • Files This course • Named, persistent storage of information • Sockets and connections CS-3516 • Conversations among processes/threads across a network CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 5

Textbooks and Web Site • Textbook (from OS course): – – Modern Operating Systems, 3 rd edition, by Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Prentice Hall, 2008 • Course Information: Parts of course web site are password protected – – http: //www. cs. wpi. edu/~cs 4513/b 10/ including lecture notes and programming assignments. To access, use the user ID and password given in class. CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 6

Prerequisites • Prerequisites: – – CS-3013, Operating Systems, or equivalent – Java, C, and C++ programming – Unix/Linux user experience and access CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 7

Co-Requisite • CS-3516, Computer Networks or • Tutorial by Wei Zhang • Sockets • Connections How many people would like such a • OSI 7 -layer model tutorial? What are possible dates? Please work this out before next class. CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 8

Schedule & Logistics • Schedule – – • Salisbury 305, 9: 00 – 10: 50 AM Tuesdays & Fridays thru Dec 14 No class on November 26 14 classes total Planned absences – Let Professor know in advance – Up to two quizzes may be forgiven in cast of absences • One Programming Project – Android phones – Team project • Office Hours – Prof Lauer – Fuller 235 – by appointment, or – See schedule on door or website Quizzes – One per week, closed book – 9: 00 AM sharp – In lieu of final exam • • • Teaching Assistant – Wei Zhang • Contacts – <Professor’s last name> @ cs. wpi. edu – Office phone: – ext 5493 – cs 4513 -staff at same domain Mobile Phones, pagers, and other devices OFF during class CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 9

Grading • Grading – Quizzes – ~40% – Programming Project – ~40 -50% – Class participation – ~10 -20% • Unless otherwise noted, assignments are to be completed individually, not groups • Late Policy – 10%/day – But contact Professor for extenuating circumstances at least one day prior to deadline or exam date • WPI Academic Honesty policy CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 10

Miscellaneous • Is this course the capstone for a Minor in CS? • Bring forms to Prof. Lauer next time • Anyone needing a project for BS & MS credit? • Bring forms to Prof. Lauer next time • BS/MS project must be approved in advance • No retroactive BS/MS credit (i. e. , after the course) CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 11

BS/MS Credit • Examine and write a report on structure of a mobile OS • E. g. , i. Phone, Android, Symbian, Blackberry OS • Research and write report on particular area of Distributed Systems • Synthesize material from multiple sources • Performance study and report • See (. doc, html ) CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 12

Ground Rule • There are no “stupid” questions. • It is a waste of your time and the class’s time to proceed when you don’t understand the basic terms. • If you don’t understand it, someone else probably doesn’t, either. CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 13

Ground Rule #2 • Help each other! • Even if a project or assignment is specified as individual, ask your colleagues about stuff you don’t understand. • It is a waste of your time try to figure out some obscure detail on your own when there are lots of resources around. • When you have the answer, write it in your own words (or own coding style) CS-502 (EMC) Fall 2009 CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 14 14

Hugh C. Lauer Adjunct Professor (half-time) • Ph. D. Carnegie-Mellon 1972 -73 – Dissertation “Correctness in Operating Systems” • Lecturer: University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK • Approximately 30 years in industry in USA • Research topics – – – – Operating Systems Proofs of Correctness Computer Architecture Networks and Distributed Computing Real-time networking 3 D Volume Rendering Surgical Simulation and Navigation … CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 15

Systems Experience • • • IBM Corporation University of Newcastle Systems Development Corporation Xerox Corporation (Palo Alto) Software Arts, Inc. Apollo Computer Eastman Kodak Company Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs (MERL) Real-Time Visualization • Founded and spun out from MERL • Acquired by Tera. Recon, Inc. • Sens. Able Technologies, Inc. • Dimensions Imaging, Inc. (new start-up) CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 16

Volume. Pro™ • Interactive volume rendering of 3 D data such as • MRI scans • CT scans • Seismic scans • Two generations of ASICs, boards, software • Volume. Pro 500 – 1999 • Volume. Pro 1000 – 2001 • CTO, Chief Architect of Volume. Pro 1000 • 7. 5 -million gate, high-performance ASIC • 109 Phong-illuminated samples per second CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 17

Sample images from Volume. Pro CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 18

Operating Systems I have known • • • IBSYS (IBM 7090) OS/360 (IBM 360) TSS/360 (360 mod 67) Michigan Terminal System (MTS) CP/CMS & VM 370 MULTICS (GE 645) Alto (Xerox PARC) Pilot (Xerox STAR) CP/M CS-4513, B-Term 2010 • • MACH Apollo DOMAIN Unix (System V & BSD) Apple Mac (v. 1 – v. 9) MS-DOS Windows NT, 2000, XP various embedded systems • Linux • … Introduction 19

Other • Two seminal contributions to computer science • Duality hypothesis for operating system structures (with Roger Needham) • First realization of opaque types in type-safe programming languages (with Ed Satterthwaite) • 21 US patents issued • • Computer architecture Software reliability Networks Computer graphics & volume rendering CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 20

Questions? Next Topic CS-4513, B-Term 2010 Introduction 21