CS 6502 Object Oriented Analysis Design OOAD Introduction

CS 6502 - Object Oriented Analysis & Design (OOAD) Introduction

NEED of OOAD • It is a popular technical approach for analyzing, designing an application, system, or business by applying the OO paradigm and visual modeling throughout the development life cycles. • Promote better stakeholder communication and product quality. • Even Agile developing methods nowadays use OO development as a leading paradigm. • International Standard by Object Management Group(OMG) - Unified Modeling Language(UML) & Unified Process(UP) Thursday, January 20, 2022 Introduction to OOAD 2

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Evolution of Languages • The various trends in S/W development give the change in the languages. Thursday, January 20, 2022 Introduction to OOAD 4

The OOPS concepts • • • Data hiding Data encapsulation Data abstraction Inheritance Polymorphism Objects Class Dynamic binding Message passing. Thursday, January 20, 2022 Introduction to OOAD 5

OBJECT ORIENTATION • Enable us to create sets of objects that work together synergistically. • Produce software that better module their problem domains. • The system is easier to adapt changing requirements, easier to maintain, more robust, promote greater design. Thursday, January 20, 2022 Introduction to OOAD 6

The reasons why OO works 1. High level of abstraction. 2. Seamless transition among different phases of software development. 3. Encourage of good programming techniques. 4. Promotion of reusability. Thursday, January 20, 2022 Introduction to OOAD 7

1. High level of abstraction Top-down approach • It supports abstraction of the function level. Objects oriented approach • It supports abstraction at the object level. Thursday, January 20, 2022 Introduction to OOAD 8

2. Seamless transition among different phases of software development Traditional Approach: • The software development using this approach requires different styles and methodologies for each step of the process. So moving from one phase to another requires more complex transistion. Object-oriented approach: • We use the same language to talk about analysis, design, programming and database design. • It returns the level of complexity and reboundary, which makes clearer and robust system development. Thursday, January 20, 2022 Introduction to OOAD 9

3. Encourage of good programming techniques • A class in an object-oriented system carefully delineates between its interface and the implementation of that interface. • The attributes and methods are encapsulated within a class (or) held together tightly. • The classes are grouped into subsystems but remain independent one class has no impact on other classes. • Raising the level of abstraction from function level to object level and focusing on the real-world aspects of the system, the object oriented method tends to – Promote clearer designs. – Makes implementation easier. – Provide overall better communication. Thursday, January 20, 2022 Introduction to OOAD 10

4. Promotion of reusability • Objects are reusable because they are modeled directly out of real world. • The classes are designed generically with reuse. • The object orientation adds inheritance, which is a powerful technique that allows classes to built from each other. • The only differents and enhancements between the classes need to be designed and coded. All the previous functionality remains and can be reused without change. Thursday, January 20, 2022 Introduction to OOAD 11

Goal of OOAD • Tracking of problems by capturing the design that is easy to communicate, review, implement & evolve. • Analysis – Emphasizes an investigation of problem rather than how a solution is defined. “Do the right thing” • Design – Emphasizes conceptual solution of problem rather than implementation. “Do the thing right” • Object–Oriented Analysis (OOA) is the procedure of identifying software engineering requirements and developing software specifications in terms of a software system’s object model, which comprises of interacting objects. Thursday, January 20, 2022 Introduction to OOAD 12