CS 1 Wireless Communication and Mobile Programming Wireless

CS 1: Wireless Communication and Mobile Programming Wireless Data Networks: Wi. MAX, Bluetooth, RFID Dr. Khaled Mahmud Laurentian University International Global Experience Program Summer 2016

Agenda �Wi. MAX �Bluetooth �RFID (c) Khaled Mahmud 2

Reference �Chapter 4 [TEL] �Web references �http: //www. radioelectronics. com/info/wireless/wimax. php �http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Bluetooth �http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification (c) Khaled Mahmud 3

IEEE 802. 16 (Wi. MAX) �Standard for wireless broadband metropolitan area networks �Wi. MAX stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access �Wi. MAX Forum �Promotes the implementation of 802. 16 by testing and certifying equipment � 802. 16 supports enhancements and extensions to the MAC protocols �Base station (BS) can communicate with another BS �And also directly with Subscriber Stations (SS) (c) Khaled Mahmud 4

Wi. MAX Applications � Suitable for � Backhaul applications for business � Last mile delivery applications � Supports � simultaneous voice, video, and data transmission � Triple Play � Suitable for voice-over-IP (Vo. IP) connections � Enables vendors to create � Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) � Wi. MAX CPE devices supports � TV (video) � Telephone (voice), and � Data on the same network (c) Khaled Mahmud 5

Wi. MAX Applications (cont…) �Can be used as alternative to Wi. Fi �Wider coverage than Wi. Fi �Can also be deployed as a point-to-point network �Provide broadband access to rural and remote areas �Cellular phone operators can easily incorporate Wi. MAX networks �Wi. MAX MAC layer makes it easy for carriers to deploy the network (c) Khaled Mahmud 6

Key Features 802. 16 a 802. 16 d 802. 16 e Spectrum 10 -66 GHz 2 -11 GHz 2 -6 GHz Ch bandwidth 20, 25, 28 MHz 1. 5 – 20 MHz 1. 75/3/3. 5/5. 5/7 MHz (OFDM) 1. 25/3. 5/7/14/28 (OFDMA) 1. 25/2. 5/5/10/2 0 Modulation QPSK/16 QAM, 64 QAM OFDM 256 subcarriers; OFDMA 2048 subcarriers SOFDM 128/256/512/10 24/2048 Bit rate 32 -134 Mbps (28 MHz ch) 75 Mbps (20 MHz ch) 15 Mbps (5 - MHz ch) 15 Mbps (5 MHz ch) Ch conditions LOS NLOS Typical cell radius 2 -5 km 7 -10 km, 50 km 2 -5 km max (c) Khaled Mahmud 2 -5 km 7

Wi. MAX Protocol Stack �PHY layer supports multiple frequency bands and several modulation techniques �Wi. MAX MAC layer is connection-oriented �Includes service-specific convergence sublayers � That interface to the upper OSI layers �Wi. MAX offers multiple simultaneous services through the same link �Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) �IPv 4 or IPv 6 �Ethernet, and �VLAN (c) Khaled Mahmud 8

(c) Khaled Mahmud 9

Network Architecture (c) Khaled Mahmud BS- Base Station SS- Subscriber Station CPE- Customer Premise Equipment ATA- Analog Telephone Adapter 10

Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) �Group of technologies that are designed for short-range communications �Eliminates the need for wires or cables to interconnect multiple devices �Advantages �WPAN devices use very little power �Short range helps maintain security and privacy (c) Khaled Mahmud 11

Applications for WPAN Technology � Synchronizing cellular, and Smartphones � Home control systems (smarthome) � Cordless telephones � Portable device data exchange � Industrial control systems � Location — smart tags used to locate people at home or at the office � Security systems � Interactive toys � Inventory tracking (c) Khaled Mahmud 12

IEEE 802. 15. 1 and Bluetooth �Industry specification �Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) �Defines small-form-factor, low-cost wireless radio communications �IEEE licensed this wireless technology �To adapt and copy a portion of the specification as the base material for 802. 15. 1 � 802. 15. 1 standard �Fully compatible with Bluetooth version 1. 1 (c) Khaled Mahmud 13

Bluetooth Network Topologies �Type of Bluetooth Node (device) �Master: controls all of the wireless traffic �Slave: takes commands from the master �Type of network �Piconet �Scatternet (c) Khaled Mahmud 14

Bluetooth Piconet �Piconet: Bluetooth network that contains �one master �at least one slave, and �uses the same channel (c) Khaled Mahmud 15

Bluetooth Scatternet �Scatternet: �Group of piconets in which connections exist between different piconets (c) Khaled Mahmud 16

Bluetooth Protocol Stack (c) Khaled Mahmud 17

Bluetooth Protocol Stack rtno. C ynohpele. T : SCT yrevocsi. D ecivre. S : PDS v. Card/v. Cal OBEX TCP/UDP IP SDP AT-Command TCS Binary PPP RFComm Audio Logical Link Control Adaptation Protocol (L 2 CAP) ecafretn. I rellortno. C tso. H Link Manager Protocol (LMP) Baseband Bluetooth Radio (c) Khaled Mahmud slocotorp_htooteul. B_fo_tsi. L/ikiw/gro. aidepikiw. ne//: ptth 18

Protocol Categories � Bluetooth. Core Protocols � BT Radio � Baseband � LMP � L 2 CAP � SDP � Cable Replacement Protocols � RFComm � Telephony Control Protocols � TCS binary � AT commands � Adopted Protocols � PPP Bluetooth � TCP/IP � OBEX Protocols � Content Formats (c) Khaled Mahmud 19

Bluetooth Application Models �Profile: Defines the protocols and protocol features supporting a particular usage model �Each application model in BT is realized through a profile �File Transfer �Internet bridge �LAN access �Synchronization �Headset (c) Khaled Mahmud 20

Security in Bluetooth WPANs �Bluetooth provides security at the LMP layer �Using authentication � Authentication is based on identifying the device itself � Authentication scheme is a challenge-response strategy � Uses SAFER+ algorithm �Using Encryption � Encoding communications � ensures that the transmissions cannot be easily intercepted and decoded �Authentication key and Encryption key are different things (c) Khaled Mahmud 21

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) �Technology similar to barcode labels �Contactless �Uses radio frequency waves instead of laser light to read the product code �Stores product information in electronic tags �That contain an antenna and a chip (c) Khaled Mahmud 22

RFID System Components �Electronic Product Code (EPC) �RFID tags �Readers �Also called interrogators �Antennas �Software (c) Khaled Mahmud 23

RFID Categories �Based on Applications �Based on Power �Based on Frequency (c) Khaled Mahmud 24

Basic Types of RFID Tags �Passive tags (most common type) �They are small, can be produced in large quantities at low cost, and do not require battery power �Use the electromagnetic energy in the RF waves �Active tags �Equipped with a battery �Can transmit the signal farther away �Have a limited life due to the battery �Beacons transmit on a periodic basis (c) Khaled Mahmud 25

RFID Frequencies � Low Frequency systems: 132. 2 k. Hz � Short range, Low data rate, Support only slow moving objects � Used in asset tracking, security, animal identification � Higher Frequency systems: 13. 56 MHz, 433 MHz, 918 MHz, 2. 4 GHz, 5. 8 GHz � Long range, Higher data rate, Support high speed objects � Used in vehicle tracking or other high speed objects (c) Khaled Mahmud 26

RFID Applications �The potential uses for RFID are practically unlimited �Manufacturing and processing �Retail store �Time management �Automobile Security �Health Care �Transportation and logistics �Sports and Entertainment �People Monitoring, Crowds, and Access �Pharmaceuticals �Postal tracking �Animal tracking (c) Khaled Mahmud 27