Cryotherapy Techniques Applied to Acute Ankle Sprains Tyler

Cryotherapy Techniques Applied to Acute Ankle Sprains Tyler Beauchamp

Definitions § Cry/o/therapy – “cry” meaning cold § ROM – range of motion § MMT – manual muscle testing § RTP – return to play § Edema – swelling § Inversion – foot rolls in § Eversion – foot rolls out § Dorsiflexion – toes to the nose § Plantarflexion – foot to the floor

Introduction § Cryotherapy is used for rehabilitation purposes to decrease swelling and increase ROM § Used to block nerve fibers from moving from the injured site to the thalamus § Used in the inflammatory response phase of the healing process

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Cryotherapy Methods

Cryotherapy for acute ankle sprains: a randomised controlled study of two different icing protocols § Ice pack (compression) vs intermittent § Purpose: to compare intermittent cryotherapy to a standard cryotherapy treatment § Participants: 89 subjects with mild or moderate ankle sprains within the past 48 hours (16+ years old) § Method: subjects randomly assigned into two groups; standard ice application or intermittent ice application § Results: no significant difference between the two groups for ankle function or swelling § Intermittent reduced the level of subjective pain during activity compared to the standard application

Comparison of Three Treatment Procedures for Minimizing Ankle Sprain Swelling § Purpose: to compare the effects of cold, heat, and contrast bath on swelling in subjects with acute ankle sprains § Participants: 30 students (18 -22 years old) with an acute ankle sprain § Method: randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups; cold whirlpool, warm whirlpool, or contrast bath § Results: cold therapy showed a significant difference in reduction of swelling § Warm whirlpool and contrast bath showed no significant difference in reducing swelling

Problem § There is no declarative research that has provided information to determine which method is most effective § Each method of cryotherapy has been observed in research on its effectiveness but most have not been compared to another method § Studies using cryocuff or biocryo are scarce § Both applications utilize the same methods that both ice packs and cold whirlpools have

Purpose § To compare and determine the most effective method for increasing ROM and decreasing edema in male collegiate level basketball players during season § Cryocuff and biocryo applications will be compared in order to determine effectiveness

Importance § It is important to reach a declarative conclusion and understand how each method works in a specific situation § Having evidence would help collegiate programs select the appropriate treatment method for an athlete to RTP quicker § Decreasing edema allows for further treatment and strengthening to take place

Procedures § 30 male collegiate basketball players suffering from an acute ankle injury (18 – 24 years) § Subjects randomly divided into two different groups; cryocuff and biocryo treatment groups § Each participant will partake in therapeutic exercise to further strengthen the ankle § Those with +3 recurrent ankle sprains will be excluded § Pre-test / post-test method

Goniometer Theraband

Expected Results Hypotheses: § Application of the biocryo regimen will prove to be more beneficial in decreasing edema rather than the cryocuff treatment § Application of the biocryo regimen will prove to have more of a significant impact on increasing ROM rather than the cryocuff treatment

References § Bleckley, C. M. , Mc. Donough, S. M. , & Mac. Auley, D. (2006). Cryotherapy for acute ankle sprains: a randomised controlled study of two different icing protocols. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 40(8), p 700 -706. Retrieved February 17, 2013, from the SPORTDiscus database. § Cote, D. J. , Prentice, W. E. , Hooker, D. N. , & Shields, E. W. (1988). Comparison of Three Treatment Procedures for Minimizing Ankle Sprain Swelling. Journal of the American Physical Therapy Association, 68, 1072 -1076. Retrieved March 3, 2013, from the Pub. Med database. § Denegar, C. R. , Saliba, E. , & Saliba, S. F. (2006). Therapeutic modalities for musculoskeletal injuries (3 rd ed. ). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. § Hislop, H. J. , & Montgomery, J. (2007). Daniels and Worthingham's muscle testing: techniques of manual examination. (8 th ed. ). St. Louis, Mo. : Saunders / Elsevier. § Norkin, C. C. , & White, D. J. (2009). Measurement of joint motion: a guide to goniometry (4 th ed. ). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis. § Shultz, S. J. , Houglum, P. A. , & Perrin, D. H. (2005). Examination of musculoskeletal injuries (2 nd ed. ). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. § Starkey, C. , Brown, S. D. , & Ryan, J. L. (2010). Examination of orthopedic and athletic injuries (Ed. 3. ed. ). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Co. .