CRT Review 1 st Quarter FOCUS QUESTIONS Answer

CRT Review 1 st Quarter

FOCUS QUESTIONS Answer each focus question.

George Custer • What was the name of the battle he led? • What was the outcome of the battle?

George Custer • Battle of Little Bighorn, 1876 • Custer and his entire army were killed.

Sitting Bull & Crazy Horse • These two leaders joined together to defeat which army general?

Sitting Bull & Crazy Horse • George Custer • Custer was known and famous as being a Civil War veteran.

Geronimo • Name of the tribe he led? • Led raids against the U. S. army in what area?

Geronimo • Apache • Arizona

Lakota/Sioux • What animal did they follow as a food source? • What was the name of the area where they lived?

Lakota/Sioux • buffalo • Great Plains

Plains Indians • What term is used to describe these Indian nations?

Plains Indians • nomadic

John Dewey • What were his views on progressive education?

John Dewey • That schools should relate learning to the interests, problems, and concerns of students. • That schools should get away from rote memorization of simple facts.

W. E. B. Du. Bois • What organization did he help to found?

W. E. B. Du. Bois • NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)

Jan E. Matzeliger • Who was he? • What did he do?

Jan E. Matzeliger • Famous African-American inventor • Invented the shoe-making machine

Henry Ford • What type of car was Henry Ford famous for producing? • What process did he use to produce cars? • How did the assembly line affect industry?

Henry Ford • Model T • assembly line • led to mass production (companies could now produce goods faster)

George Washington Carver • Who was he? • Where did he teach?

George Washington Carver • Famous African-American scientist • He taught at the Tuskegee Institute

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony • What organization was led by these women? • What was the main focus of the organization?

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony • National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) • gaining suffrage (the right to vote)

Theodore Roosevelt • How did he become President? • Why was he known as the trustbuster?

Theodore Roosevelt • because President Mc. Kinley was assassinated – shot and killed. • because he used the Justice Department to indict (or convict) 25 different industries that were accused of being monopolies, or trusts.

Transcontinental Railroad • How did it help Manifest Destiny (or the idea of expanding the United States)? • What were the effects of the railroad?

Transcontinental Railroad • It connected the Atlantic coast and Pacific coast. • The following answers are correct: - it connected and built cities - brought workers out West - industries (businesses) expanded into the West.

Gold Rush of 1859 • What metal started the mining rush? • What U. S. state saw 50, 000 prospectors searching for gold?

Gold Rush of 1859 • gold • Colorado (Pikes Peak)

Chisholm Trail • What long famous trail was used by ranchers to drive cattle? • What became known as the Long Drive?

Chisholm Trail • herding cattle for over 1, 000 miles

Homestead Act • What was this policy, or what did the law state? • What was the purpose of the law?

Homestead Act • People would get 160 acres of land for free out West, but they must sign a paper saying they would live on the land for at least 5 years. • to get people to move out West and to settle the land.

National Grange • Why was it founded? • What did the organization do?

National Grange • FIRST self-help organization for farmers. • offered farmers education, support, and fellowship.

Farmers’ Alliances • What political party was started by this organization?

Farmers’ Alliances • People’s Party (Populist Party)

Indian Peace Commission (1867) • What was its purpose? • What did this commission recommend?

Indian Peace Commission (1867) • to develop a policy towards Native Americans. • to move Indians to reservations.

Dawes Act (1887) • What was the purpose of this law? • What was the main goal?

Dawes Act (1887) • To get rid of Native American traditions and end their nomadic life. To get rid of Indians lack of private property. • To assimilate Native American Indians and blend them into American culture. For Native American Indians to become farmers and American citizens.

Pullman Strike • Why were these workers on strike? • What was the outcome of the strike?

Pullman Strike • The Pullman company cut, and lowered, the railroad workers’ wages. • U. S. Attorney General Richard Olney had to obtain an injunction to stop the strike. (Eugene V. Debs – leader of the strike – was sent to jail)

American Federation of Labor (AFL) • Who formed the AFL? • What was the AFL?

American Federation of Labor (AFL) • a group of national trade unions. • a union that represented skilled workers.

Sixteenth Amendment (1913) • What power does it give to the government?

Sixteenth Amendment (1913) • granted Congress the power to collect taxes on people’s incomes. (income tax)

Nineteenth Amendment (1919 -1920) • What right did it give to women?

Nineteenth Amendment (1919 -1920) • the right to vote (suffrage)

Ellis Island the Statue of Liberty • Where is Ellis Island located? • Why was the Statue of Liberty important to immigrants?

Ellis Island the Statue of Liberty • New York City in the harbor • It was the entrance for immigrants coming into the United States, a symbol of hope and freedoms.

Nativist Movement • What contributed to tensions between Americans and the new immigrants? • What did Nativists believe?

Nativist Movement • Ethnic, racial, and religious differences led to the Nativist movement. • Nativists believed that immigrants would take their jobs and cause an increase in crime rates in American cities.

Progressive Movement • What is an example of corruption in the cities? • Give one example of reform (change) during the Progressive Movement.

Progressive Movement • landlords giving bribes to politicians to overlook violations in the tenements (this led to horrible living conditions in slums). • Example of reform: direct election of U. S. Senators (17 th Amendment) ** this gave power back to the people.

Springfield Riot • What did this riot reveal to the rest of the nation?

Springfield Riot • the deep racial divisions in American life. (racism and discrimination still existed between the different races in America)

Morrill Act • What did this law fund?

Morrill Act • It funded money to build land-grant colleges. Example: Auburn University

Effect of the Assembly Line • What was the main effect?

Effect of the Assembly Line • Companies could produce goods faster, sell the goods at a lower price, therefore, more people could afford to buy the good. Example: more people could now afford the Model T

Effect of the Light Bulb • What was the main effect?

Effect of the Light Bulb • it led to the construction of power plants.

KEY TERMS Must identify and define each of the key terms.

Subsidies • Grants of money from the government, in the form of financial aid or land grants. Example: -subsidies were used to provide funding to build the railroads.

Transcontinental • a railroad line that would span the American continent from the Atlantic to Pacific coasts. Example: the transcontinental railroad

Homestead • to earn ownership of land by settling on it. Example: The Homestead Act was passed to get people to move out West.

nomadic • A way of life where you don’t stay in one place for too long. (constant traveling) Example: The Native American Indians were nomadic because they traveled to hunt buffalo.

Factors of Production • 3 things you must have to start a business: 1) Land 2) Labor (workers) 3) Capital (money and goods) **these are all resources needed to help the American economy.

referendum • Gave voters the opportunity to accept (Vote YES) or reject (Vote NO) measures that the state legislature enacted. • Part of the Oregon System to give power back to the people.

YWCA • Young Women’s Christian Association • This is a way that religious groups could offer help to the poor people in the cities. • It offered recreation centers where children could meet and play. SAME AS THE YMCA, but sponsored by women. Do we still have the YMCA and YWCA? YES

assimilate • to become part of American culture. Example: Most Americans wanted the immigrants to blend into American culture. To become more like us!

tenements • Where the poor immigrants lived in the urban cities. • Run-down apartment buildings located in city slums. • Very small and crowded.

discrimination • treating a person unfairly because of their race, religion, ethnic background, place of birth, age, or gender. Does discrimination still take place in America?

yellow journalism • Newspaper writers that attracted readers by exaggerating the dramatic or gruesome aspects of their stories. • A sensational writing style. Example: William Randolph Hearst was a yellow journalist. He wrote about several murders!!

vaudeville shows • A form of entertainment during the early 1900’s. • These were variety shows that included dancing, singing, comedy, circus, and magic acts. • Vaudevilles were extremely popular because most people could afford the ticket price.

mass production • The production of large quantities of goods more quickly. • Led to decrease in manufacturing costs which allowed products and goods to be sold much more cheaply. Example: Henry Ford’s assembly line led to mass production of Model T’s.

sweatshops • dark, crowded workshops and factories where immigrants usually worked. • Horrible working conditions that resulted in very low and unequal pay. LED TO STRIKES!!

THE END