CREAX process 1 Customer Value What VALUES do

CREAX process 1. Customer Value What VALUES do we want? 2. REsources What RESOURCES do we have? 3. Analogy across domains Where do we look for INSPIRATION? 4. X- Variation of properties for new or improved functions What do we change, what do we GAIN?

2 Gravity, sunlight, time? Heat in production? Cheap materials? The internet? Free patents? University research? What properties are still a resource? Our research people? Waste streams? Air, Nitrogen? The patent database? Our competitors? Transporting time? Resources associated to people? Can I convert sources to energy? Are my clients a resource? Can I solve the problem on a different level? Can I turn negative into positive?

3 RESOURCES ARE EVERYWHERE! RESOURCES ARE EVERYWHERE! RESOURCES ARE EVERYWHERE!

4 To be resourceful is to be creative within constraints

5 Resources Types of resources: Resources are everywhere around us § Knowledge resources § Cheap and abundant resources § Material resources

6 The world wide web as a resource Patent Database Wikipedia Planet feedback Way back Machine Startpagina. nl More Inspiration Function Database Trial Software Google

7 Can existing innovations inspire you to new ideas or markets?

Innovate with Kraft http: //brands. kraftfoods. com/innovatewithkraft/default. aspx 8

9 Cheap or Free resources Constitution of air (% by volume) 1. introduction | 2. value | 3. resources | 4. nine windows | 5. analogy | 6. patents | 7. properties | 8. conflicts | 9. product dna | 10. appendix

10 The Atmosphere as a resource Atmosphere: Density (kg/m 3) Temperature/Gradient (°C) Pressure/Gradient (Pa) Altitude (m above sea level) Velocity Gravitational Force (m/s 2) Thermal Conductivity (W/m. K) Index of refraction 1. 2 15 101325 0 0 9. 807 0. 0242 1. 00029 Peak Sunlight Intensity (W/m 2) Mean Sunlight Intensity (W/m 2) Opacity (ppm particulates) Speed of sound (m/s) Viscosity (c. P) Water vapour content (%) Relative Humidity (%) 1600 250 40 339 0. 0171 4 80

11 Mechanical context resources Conventional machine tools – lathe, mill, drill, grind, etc Forging – hot, cold Punches, dies and presses Electro-discharge machining Electro-chemical machining Explosive forming Sand-casting Centrifugal casting Lost-wax casting Single-crystal casting Soldering/brazing Friction welding Electron-beam welding MIG/TIG/arc welding Laser drill/cutter/heat-treatment Etching – Chemical, photo, laser Flame spray Ultrasound cutter Sintering/Firing Extrusion Film-blowing Moulding – injection, blow, compression, reaction-injection Shot-blasting/Shot-peening/Laser shot-peening Rapid prototyping – stereolithography, selective laser sintering, Fused deposition, inkjet systems/3 D-printing, shape-metal deposition Nano-clustering

12 Chemical context resources Acylation Alkylation – oxygen, nitrogen Amination Bio-accumulation Blending Bromination Carboxylation, De-carboxylation Chiral Synthesis Chlorination Condensation Cyanation, Cyanoethylation Diazotation Distillation Enantiomeric Reduction, Resolution Fermentation Fluorination Fractionation Friedel-Craft Reactions Granulation Hydrogenation, Dehydrogenation Iodination Lithiation (Bu. Li, LDA) Methylation Nitration Organometallations

13 Resources Everything in and around a system which is not used to its maximum potential is still a resource …even damaging resources! Investigate the positive and negative resources …resonance or pressure for example

14 Resonance as a resource RESONANCE Cleaning Drilling Rinsing … … Tacoma bridge … … … http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=9 l. Qa. Id. DI 5 OE&feature=related

15 Resources - example Use resources: Complaining customers are resources for product development. Boeing 777 is developed with help from several airlines. Taste of Momenti’s chosen with help from customers.

16 Resources – seawater desalination; PX energy recovery device ERI’s PX Pressure Exchanger™ (PX™) is an innovative technology that can reduce the amount of energy required in seawater desalination by up to 60%, resulting in more ERI’s PX devices, which feature only economical production of drinking water and a reduced carbon one moving part, are the most elegant approach to high-efficiency footprint. energy recovery available today. The heart of the PX is an aluminum oxide rotor, floating in an almost frictionless hydrodynamic bearing. This ceramic material is unaffected by chemicals, is three times harder than steel, and does not corrode. The bearing is continuously lubricated by seawater, requires no maintenance, and is not subject to wear. http: //www. energyrecovery. com/index. cfm

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MECHANICAL - gravitational Vibrations or gravity as a source to make electricity with piezo elements. Power-Producing Shock Absorbers 18

19 MECHANICAL - mechanical Energy generating revolving door architecture · energy Source: boonedam. nl The Boon Edam revolving door plays a very important part in achieving and maintaining the sustainability of the building. The Tourniket revolving door will help primarily to save the carefully generated and conserved energy. A calculation was made for this particular situation that indicated an energy saving of around 4600 k. Wh per year, a considerable saving compared to a conventional sliding entrance.

20 THERMAL & CHEMICAL THERMAL - conduction CHEMICAL - chemical Thermoelectric generator Water charged cell phone Convert lost heat to electricity. The water combined with the cell phone metal interior will create Hydrogen gas, which will then generate energy when it reacts with Oxygen.

ELECTRICAL & PRESSURE ELECTRICAL - electromagnetic Dynamo PRESSURE - wind STRANDBEEST by Theo Jansen Use the rotation as a source. Movement empowered by wind. www. strandbeest. com 21

22 MAGNETIC & ACOUSTIC MAGNETIC - alternating Forever flashlight ACOUSTIC - acoustic PIEZOELECTRIC ACOUSTIC TRANSDUCER

What resource could you use for advertising on a bus? 23

24 Resources - advertising D’ARCY - Amsterdam

25 Resources - advertising TANDEM CAMPMANY GUASCH DDB – Barcelona

26 Resources - advertising TANDEM CAMPMANY GUASCH DDB – Barcelona

27 Resources - advertising THE MARTIN AGENCY – Richmond, VA

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29 Competition as a resource http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=IVndv. Fo. Qt 34

exercise 30 Save the Titanic - use all resources Resource case study: Imagine, you are on the Titanic and have just hit the ice! The captain tells you the nearest ship offering help is 8 hours away. But the expectation is that the Titanic will sink within 3 hours in the ice cold water. The panicky message • Yourself following these messages • iseveryone on the this: there are not ship enough emergency boats for • everyone on the ship and the ship everybody on board! itself Find a way to save the Group Helping devices 1 Upper deck 2 Engine Room 3 Ballroom 4 Storage room 5 Bedrooms 6 Kitchen, guests

31 Save the Titanic - use all resources Ball room Engine room Bedroom Upper deck Kitchen

32 Resources - example

33 Ridiculous Patents - example Hijacker injector

34 Running Shoe

35 Polar bear shot

36 Polar Bear fur and Jacket

37 Example: self cleaning

38 Example: velcro Velcro resulted in 1948 from a Swiss engineer, George de Mestral, noticing how the hooks of the plant burrs stuck in the fur of his dog http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Velcro http: //www. sciencedaily. com/releases/2004/05/040512044455. htm

39 Example: airplane wing design Using a wind tunnel, researchers have found that the flipper of the humpback whale is a more efficient wing design than the current model used by the aeronautics industry on airplanes. Engineers are working to apply the aerodynamic findings to future airplane and automotive design

40 Example: Sharkskin Engineers at Airbus have used the rough skin of the shark as inspiration in developing a striated foil coating for the wings of aircraft, a design which has resulted in six percent less friction and improved fuel efficiency. Speedo® Fastskin® is the most technically advanced swimwear ever made. Unique fabric mimics a sharkskin with dermal denticles -tiny hydrofoils with V-shaped ridges that decrease drag and turbulence. Researchers are using shark skin as a model for creating new coatings that prevent adhesion of algae and barnacles to boats. The new coating is modeled after sharks' placoid scales. http: //www. berlinews. de/archiv-2004/2212. shtml http: //www. speedo. com/index. php? option=com_content&task=view&id=19&Itemid=115&lc=el&cc=cy http: //www. defensetech. org/archives/001429. html

41 Use of resources: biological GPS-Equipped Pigeons Enlisted as Pollution Bloggers Pigeons carrying high-tech backpacks that contain pollution sensors, GPS units, and stripped-down cell phones have been enlisted to create accurate, detailed urban pollution maps. Now scientists are taking the concept of small, low-cost sensors all over the world for their air-pollution research. Japanese boffins create scuttling cyber spies Cybernetically enhanced bugs have become a reality meaning that humanity may have more to worry about than the threat of AI-style robots taking over the world. Japanese boffins at Tokyo University are developing a 'robo-roach' remote controlled insect that could be used to carry a miniature camera and microphone. It would not be to make very small documentaries or make its own cockroach karoake either; robo-roach could be used in any number of environments ranging from searching through rubble for disaster victims to acting as a tiny spy in espionage missions. Cockroaches make the ideal agent because they cannot be shot, poisoned or bribed and would be the only life form likely to survive a nuclear war. http: //news. nationalgeographic. com/news/bigphotos/21368005. html

42 www. biomimicry. org http: //database. biomimicry. org/start. php

43 “The significant problems that we have cannot be solved at the same level of thinking with which we created them. ” Albert Einstein

Space Sub-system Super-system 44 Time Before During After

Super-system 45 CREAX building Traffic System Kitchen Attending CREAX course Going home Space Sub-system Waking up & breakfast Coffee Time Before Course Material During GPS System After

Super-system 46 Super-system Service System Sub-system Product Sub-system Space Component Time Before During After

47 prevent maintain repairing before during after During After Space Sub-system Super-system Introducing 9 -windows: Time Before

TRAINING TOOL 2: OUT OF THE BOX surrounding before the box after Space components Time

49 System Super-system Introducing 9 -windows Space Sub-system tree Time Before During After

50 Super-system Introducing 9 -windows forest seed tree Workshop System earth Space Sub-system wood furniture DNA wood Time Past Before natural wood present During varnished wood Future After

51 System Super-system Example solution ‘before’ Space Sub-system Dreamlens Ortho K is worn WHILE YOU SLEEP. On waking the lenses are removed and you enjoy normal, crisp, comfortable vision. This eliminates the need for spectacles or contact lenses throughout the day. Time Before During After

52 Super-system Example solution ‘cold’ prevention System MIGRATE SICK Sub-system INSULATE Space VACCIN Time Before During After

53 Super-system Process Example: solution rubber loss System COUNTERWIND Space Sub-system RUBBERLOSS PRESPIN Time Before During After

54 System Super-system Ice forming on wind mills Space Sub-system ICE FORMING Time Before During After

55 Super-system Cracks in material System RAIN Space Sub-system ICE FORMING CRACKS CEMENT Time Before During After

56 Space Sub-system Super-system Dye after knitting Time Before During After

Concrete production 57

Concrete production Before Mixing During Mixing Constituent transport, unloading and ground storage Constituent loading, transfer and mixing Mix loading After Mixing 58 Mix transport, pouring and curing • curing concrete • formed ettringite • released curing heat (temperature gradient profiles)

59 System Super-system Exercise 9 -widows Titanic hitting iceberg Space Sub-system Radio Time Past Before present During Future After

Space Sub-system Super-system 60 Time Past Before present During Future After

Space Sub-system Super-system 61 Time Past Before present During Future After

Space Sub-system Super-system 62 Time Past Before present During Future After

Space Sub-system Super-system 63 Packaging biodegradable, surfactants (anionic & nonionic) and enzymes Time Before Water, washing machine components, biodegradable, surfactants (anionic & nonionic) and enzymes During Wool Polyester Perfume coating After

Space Sub-system Super-system exercise Time Before During After 64 9 -widows

Space Sub-system Super-system exercise Time Past present Future Before During After 65 9 -widows

66 Using Creation. Suite analysis for 9 -windows