Creation of Israel and Struggle for Jerusalem ZIONISM

Creation of Israel and Struggle for Jerusalem

• ZIONISM ISRAEL – political movement; founded by Theodor Herzl (1897) – objective: secure a homeland for the Jewish people • BALFOUR DECLARATION (1917) – supports the concept of a Jewish homeland • 1922 – British mandate to govern Palestine. • 1947 - United Nations creates the Israeli Jewish state.

ARAB – ISRAELI CONFLICTS – 1948 -49: Conflict begins… – 1967: SIX-DAY WAR – Israel gains control of: GAZA STRIP SINAI PENINSULA WEST BANK OF THE RIVER JORDAN EAST SECTOR OF JERUSALEM GOLAN HEIGHTS IN SYRIA – 1973: Yom Kippur War – Arab countries failed to force Israel to give up territories gained in 1967.

Israel vs. Palestine Category Population Israel 6. 5 million West Bank 2. 5 million Life Expectancy 80 73 Infant Mortality 18. 7/1, 000 6. 8/1, 000 % living in poverty 21. 6% 45. 7% Unemployed 8. 3% 20. 3% Literacy 97% 92% Per Capita GDP $28, 600 $1, 500 From CIA World Factbook: https: //www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index. html

STRUGGLE FOR JERUSALEM • 1947 - United Nations did not include Jerusalem as part of Israel. • 1947 - Palestine partition resolution designated Jerusalem as an “open city. ” • 1948 -49 - War and transfer of Israeli government from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. • 1967 - War and aftermath changed boundaries again. • 1980 - Jerusalem reaffirmed as the capital of Israel