CRAYFISH DISSECTION Animal Groups ARTHROPODA Arthro jointed pod
- Slides: 52
CRAYFISH DISSECTION
Animal Groups
ARTHROPODA “Arthro” = jointed “pod” = foot
Arthropods
Structures to identify in lab • All terns in the powerpoint that are printed in RED.
Classifying Kingdom: Phylum: Class: Crayfish ANIMALIA ARTHROPODA CRUSTACEA
EXOSKELETON- Outside body; NON-LIVING Made of CHITIN (polysaccharide with some nitrogen)
All animals with an EXOSKELETON must MOLT (shed their exoskeleton) to grow bigger
SEGMENTED BODY (like earthworms)
Fusion of smaller segments to make one bigger section Head + thorax = cephalothorax
CARAPACE Part of exoskeleton that covers the cephalothorax
CHELIPED = Pincher (defense; capture food) ROSTRUM = “visor” protects eyes
COMPOUND EYE HAS MULTIPLE LENSES
ANTENNAE- touch, taste ANTENNULES- touch, taste, & equilibrium
Statocyst
DECAPODS (10 legs) (4 pair walking legs + 2 chelipeds)
SWIMMERETS (5 pair)
SWIMMERETS Aid in reproduction In males – transfer sperm In females – carry eggs/young Create water currents
Telson Uropods
MAXILLA – Manipulate food
LAST PAIR of MAXILLA = “BAILERS” Keep water moving over gills
MANDIBLE
Appendages 1) Walking legs, 2) Cheliped, 3) Maxillipeds, 4) 2 nd maxilla (gill bailer), 5) 1 st maxilla, 6) Mandible, 7) Antenna, 8) Antennule
APPENDAGES ANTENNA ANTENNULE MANDIBLE MAXILLA Touch, taste, equilibrium Chew food Manipulate food Last pair “bailers”Move water over gills MAXILLIPEDS CHELIPED WALKING LEGS Touch, taste, manipulate food Capture food, defense Locomotion, move water over gills SWIMMERETS Move water over EGGS, transfer sperm (males) carry young/eggs (females) Propulsion during tailflips UROPOD
Is it a MALE OR FEMALE? MALES: first two pair of swimmerets form a channel to transfer sperm to female seminal receptacle
SWIMMERETS MALES Top pair make a “V”
Females “in berry” carry developing embryos on swimmerets
REPRODUCTIVE SEPARATE SEXES Male and Female EXTERNAL FERTILIZATION sperm & eggs join outside body INDIRECT DEVELOPMENT Starts as a larva
INDIRECT DEVELOPMENT MOLLUSKS CRUSTACEANS ECHINODERMS TROCHOPHORE NAUPLIUS BIPINNARIA
Examine the inside of your crayfish
RESPIRATORY GILLS Exchange gases (#2) Remove nitrogen waste (AMMONIA)
What keeps water moving over gills? “BAILERS” WALKING LEGS: are attached to gills so walking moves water
INTERNAL Heart Stomach Digestive gland
OPEN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM HEART with openings (OSTIA) ARTERIES leaving heart but NO VEINS to return hemolymph
OSTIA
ADDUCTOR MUSCLES run mouthparts
STOMACH PYLORIC CARDIAC
GASTRIC MILL “teeth” inside stomach
DIGESTIVE GLAND Makes bile; finishes digestion; absorbs nutrients
GONADS (produces sex cells)
Females: OVARIES – make eggs SEMINAL RECEPTACLES - store received sperm Males: TESTES – make sperm VAS DEFERENS- tubules inside that carry sperm from testes to exit opening ENDOCRINE SYSTEM: controls sexual development Also: molting, heart rate
ABDOMEN INTESTINE (#4) – finish digestion; absorb nutrients; collect & remove feces
GREEN GLANDS (#2) - collect and remove excess water & nitrogen waste (ammonia, NH 3)
NERVOUS SYSTEM (like earthworms) VENRAL NERVE CORD CEREBRAL GANGLIA (brain) GANGLIA along body
VENTRAL NERVE CORD
CEREBRAL GANGLIA = BRAIN Nerves connect the eyes, antennae, and antennules to the brain.
Brain
AUTOTOMY & REGENERATION Crayfish have the ability to “self amputate” parts to escape predators and regenerate to repair injuries
THE END
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