CQR Emergency Power Conference Monday November 22 2004

CQR Emergency Power Conference Monday, November 22, 2004 Bell Labs Network Reliability & Security Office Washington, DC Session 3: Best Practice Combinations of Alternate Power Sources to Provide Optimum Duration IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY

CQR Session 3: Best Practice Combinations of Alternate Power Sources to Provide Optimum Duration Facilitator: Marie Royce, Lucent Technologies Scribe: Jim Runyon, Bell Labs, NRIC & NRSC Steven Dworkin, Battery. Corp Ira Bloom, Argon National Laboratories Frank Ignazzitto, Reli. On Manisa Pipattanasomporn, VA Tech Charlie Romano, Verizon Ken Smith, AT&T Howard Bland, Raytheon Amarjeet Basra, IEEE Bob De. Mart , Nextel Jack Edwards, Nortel David Frigeri, Internap IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY

CQR Session 3: Best Practice Combinations of Alternate Power Sources to Provide Optimum Duration List of Sources Best Practices – Existing (Wireline) - Battery = 8 hours for OSP (sufficient? ) Generator - Fixed Generators (typical 72 hours fuel) Portable Generators (DOT limits to ~200 gal transport w/o fuel trailer) Best Practices – Existing Technologies (Wireless) - Battery = 2 -4 hours (up to 8 hours) is cell site norm Generator (not at every sites) - Fixed Generator at Critical Sites - - not typical at most Cell Sites Local Factors determine fuel storage (3 days fuel would be desired – not always doable) Best Practices – Data Centers (IDCs, Multi-tenant/Co-locations) - More typical AC environments with large UPSs Dual commercial power sources is common Generators: minimum is n+1, n+2, … IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY

CQR Session 3: Best Practice Combinations of Alternate Power Sources to Provide Optimum Duration List of Sources Existing Technologies: • • • Wireline/Wireline - Battery backed up by generators IDC’s – Dual AC commercial w/UPS & Generator backup Backup Generators: Natural Gas + Diesel OR Natural Gas + LPG backup (Dual Fuel) Emerging Technologies Lead Acid: Issues: human cost/maintenance, life cycle, environment impact New Battery Types: Higher initial cost – Lower life cycle Human Cost (tech training, …) Fuel Cells: Alternate to either Battery or Generators Issues/Concerns: - Delivery of fuel - Storage of fuel issue (Power requirements >10 Kw) IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY

CQR Session 3: Best Practice Combinations of Alternate Power Sources to Provide Optimum Duration List of Sources Emerging Technologies Renewable Technologies (Batteries Still Required) Solar Wind Geothermal Bio. Fuel IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY

CQR Session 3: Best Practice Combinations of Alternate Power Sources to Provide Optimum Duration Next Steps – What Needs to Be Done Going Forward & How Can it Be Accomplished? A. B. C. D. E. Research Information Exchange Performance Data – w/New Technologies Economic Analysis (Existing versus New Technologies) – Lifecycle Matrix • Layers of Redundancy • Situational end-user IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY