CPE 426 Computer Networks Week 13 Chapter 27
- Slides: 64
CPE 426 Computer Networks Week 13: Chapter 27: Internet Routing Part II: BGP, RIP & OSPF
TOPICS n Chapter 27: Internet Routing and Routing Protocols n n n 27. 9 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) 27. 10 Routing Information Protocol (RIP) 27. 11 RIP Packet Format 27. 12 The Open Shortest Path First Protocol (OSPF) 27. 13 OSPF Graph 27. 14 OSPF Area 27. 15 IS-IS BREAK 27. 16 Multicast Routing Extra Subnet and VLAN Extra Switch Layer 3 vs Router Extra Organization Network
27. 10 RIP (Distance Vector) Example n ตวอยางการทำงานของ Vector R 1 10. 10. 0/24 Distance R 2 20. 20. 0/24 30. 30. 0/24 R 3 R 4 50. 50. 0/24 40. 40. 0/24 R 6 R 5 R 7 60. 60. 0/24 70. 70. 0/24 �������� Router ���������� Run RIP ������ Router ������� Direct Connect Network ���� Cost �����
27. 10 RIP (Distance Vector) Example Gateway Cost 10. 10. 0/24 NW/Mask Direct 0 20. 20. 20. 0/24 Direct 0 30. 30. 0/24 Direct 0 R 2 R 1 10. 10. 0/24 1. Gateway Cost 40. 40. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 40. 40. 0/24 NW/Mask Gateway Cost Direct 0 60. 60. 0/24 Direct 0 5. 20. 20. 0/24 1. NW/Mask 40. 40. 0/24 NW/Mask 4. R 4 R 3 3. 3. R 6 60. 60. 0/24 NW/Mask 7. 30. 30. 0/24 Gateway Cost 20. 20. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 Gateway Cost 50. 50. 0/24 NW/Mask Direct 0 70. 70. 0/24 Direct 0 6. 5. R 7 NW/Mask 2. 50. 50. 0/24 R 5 7. 2. 70. 70. 0/24 Gateway Cost 60. 60. 0/24 Direct 0 70. 70. 0/24 Direct 0 ����� Router ���������� Cos ���� Hop ������� Upda �������
27. 10 RIP (Distance Vector) Example Gateway Cost 10. 10. 0/24 NW/Mask Direct 0 20. 20. 20. 0/24 Direct 0 30. 30. 0/24 Direct 0 R 2 R 1 10. 10. 0/24 1. Gateway Cost 40. 40. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 40. 40. 0/24 NW/Mask Gateway Cost Direct 0 60. 60. 0/24 Direct 0 5. 20. 20. 0/24 1. NW/Mask 40. 40. 0/24 NW/Mask 4. R 4 R 3 3. 3. R 6 7. 60. 60. 0/24 NW/Mask 30. 30. 0/24 Gateway Cost 20. 20. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 Gateway Cost 50. 50. 0/24 NW/Mask Direct 0 70. 70. 0/24 Direct 0 6. 5. R 7 NW/Mask 2. 50. 50. 0/24 4. R 5 7. 2. 70. 70. 0/24 Gateway Cost 60. 60. 0/24 Direct 0 70. 70. 0/24 Direct 0 Router ���������� �� ����� (��� Cost ������ Ho ������� Up ������� Cost ����
27. 10 RIP (Distance Vector) Example Gateway Cost 10. 10. 0/24 NW/Mask Direct 0 20. 20. 20. 0/24 Direct 0 30. 30. 30. 0/24 20. 20. 2 1 10. 10. 0/24 20. 20. 1 1 50. 50. 50. 0/24 20. 20. 20. 3 1 R 2 R 1 10. 10. 0/24 1. Gateway Cost 40. 40. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 20. 20. 0/24 50. 50. 3 1 60. 60. 0/24 40. 40. 5 1 70. 70. 0/24 50. 50. 6 1 40. 40. 0/24 Gateway Cost 40. 40. 0/24 Direct 0 60. 60. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 40. 40. 4 1 70. 70. 0/24 60. 60. 7 1 5. 20. 20. 0/24 1. NW/Mask 4. R 4 20. 20. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 10. 10. 0/24 20. 20. 1 1 30. 30. 0/24 20. 20. 2 1 40. 40. 0/24 50. 50. 4 1 50. 50. 0/24 70. 70. 0/24 50. 50. 6 1 3. R 6 6. 5. 7. 60. 60. 0/24 NW/Mask 7. 30. 30. 0/24 Cost 3. NW/Mask 2. Gateway R 3 R 5 R 7 2. NW/Mask Gateway Cost 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 70. 70. 0/24 Direct 0 20. 20. 0/24 50. 50. 3 1 40. 40. 0/24 50. 50. 4 1 60. 60. 0/24 70. 70. 7 1 70. 70. 0/24 Gateway Cost 60. 60. 0/24 Direct 0 70. 70. 0/24 Direct 0 40. 40. 0/24 60. 60. 5 1 50. 50. 0/24 70. 70. 6 1 ����� Update �������������
27. 10 RIP (Distance Vector) Example Gateway Cost 10. 10. 0/24 NW/Mask Direct 0 20. 20. 20. 0/24 Direct 0 30. 30. 30. 0/24 20. 20. 2 1 10. 10. 0/24 20. 20. 1 1 50. 50. 50. 0/24 20. 20. 20. 3 1 R 2 R 1 10. 10. 0/24 1. Gateway Cost 40. 40. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 20. 20. 0/24 50. 50. 3 1 60. 60. 0/24 40. 40. 5 1 70. 70. 0/24 50. 50. 6 1 40. 40. 0/24 Gateway Cost 40. 40. 0/24 Direct 0 60. 60. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 40. 40. 4 1 70. 70. 0/24 60. 60. 7 1 5. 20. 20. 0/24 1. NW/Mask 4. R 4 4. 20. 20. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 10. 10. 0/24 20. 20. 1 1 30. 30. 0/24 20. 20. 2 1 40. 40. 0/24 50. 50. 4 1 50. 50. 0/24 70. 70. 0/24 50. 50. 6 1 3. R 6 6. 5. R 7 NW/Mask Gateway Cost 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 70. 70. 0/24 Direct 0 20. 20. 0/24 50. 50. 3 1 40. 40. 0/24 50. 50. 4 1 60. 60. 0/24 70. 70. 7 1 7. 70. 70. 0/24 60. 60. 0/24 NW/Mask 30. 30. 0/24 Cost 3. NW/Mask 2. Gateway R 3 R 5 7. 2. Gateway Cost 60. 60. 0/24 Direct 0 70. 70. 0/24 Direct 0 40. 40. 0/24 60. 60. 5 1 50. 50. 0/24 70. 70. 6 1 ������� 30 ����
27. 10 RIP (Distance Vector) Example NW/Mask Gateway Cost 10. 10. 0/24 Direct 0 20. 20. 20. 2 1 20. 20. 3 1 40. 40. 0/24 20. 20. 3 2 70. 70. 0/24 20. 20. 3 2 30. 30. 0/24 50. 50. 0/24 1. Gateway Cost 40. 40. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 20. 20. 0/24 50. 50. 3 40. 40. 0/24 Direct 0 60. 60. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 40. 40. 4 1 70. 70. 0/24 60. 60. 7 1 20. 20. 0/24 40. 40. 4 2 5. Direct 0 30. 30. 0/24 Direct 0 10. 10. 0/24 20. 20. 1 1 50. 50. 0/24 20. 20. 3 1 40. 40. 0/24 20. 20. 3 2 70. 70. 0/24 20. 20. 3 2 2. R 3 3. 2. 30. 30. 0/24 Gateway Cost 20. 20. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 10. 10. 0/24 20. 20. 1 1 60. 60. 0/24 40. 40. 5 1 70. 70. 0/24 50. 50. 6 1 30. 30. 0/24 20. 20. 2 1 10. 10. 0/24 50. 50. 3 2 40. 40. 0/24 50. 50. 4 1 2 70. 70. 0/24 50. 50. 6 1 60. 60. 0/24 (6. )50. 50. 4 2 40. 40. 0/24 Cost 20. 20. 0/24 NW/Mask 1 30. 30. 0/24 R 4 50. 50. 3 Gateway Cost 20. 20. 0/24 1. NW/Mask Gateway R 2 R 1 10. 10. 0/24 NW/Mask 4. R 4 3. 50. 50. 0/24 R 5 R 6 6. 5. 7. 60. 60. 0/24 NW/Mask R 7 7. NW/Mask Gateway Cost 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 70. 70. 0/24 Direct 0 20. 20. 0/24 50. 50. 3 1 40. 40. 0/24 50. 50. 4 1 60. 60. 0/24 70. 70. 7 1 10. 10. 0/24 50. 50. 50. 3 2 70. 70. 0/2430. 30. 0/24 Gateway Cost 60. 60. 0/24 Direct 0 70. 70. 0/24 Direct 0 40. 40. 0/24 60. 60. 5 1 50. 50. 0/24 70. 70. 6 1 20. 20. 0/24 70. 70. 6 2 �������������
27. 10 RIP (Distance Vector) Example Gateway Cost 10. 10. 0/24 Direct 0 20. 20. 20. 0/24 Direct 0 30. 30. 0/24 Direct 0 1 10. 10. 0/24 20. 20. 1 1 1 50. 50. 0/24 20. 20. 3 1 2 40. 40. 0/24 20. 20. 3 2 2 70. 70. 0/24 20. 20. 3 2 3 60. 60. 0/24 20. 20. 3 3 NW/Mask ����� 50. 50. 0/24 20. 20. 3 40. 40. 0/24 20. 20. 3 �������� 70. 70. 0/24 20. 20. 3 Hop ��� Bellman 60. 60. 0/24 20. 20. 3 Ford Alg. 30. 30. 0/24 20. 20. 2 R 1 10. 10. 0/24 1. 20. 20. 0/24 1. NW/Mask Gateway Cost 40. 40. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 20. 20. 0/24 50. 50. 3 Cost 40. 40. 0/24 Direct 0 60. 60. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 40. 40. 4 1 70. 70. 0/24 60. 60. 7 1 20. 20. 0/24 40. 40. 4 10. 10. 0/24 30. 30. 0/24 5. R 3 3. 2. 30. 30. 0/24 Gateway Cost 20. 20. 0/24 Direct 0 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 10. 10. 0/24 20. 20. 1 1 60. 60. 0/24 40. 40. 5 1 70. 70. 0/24 50. 50. 6 1 30. 30. 0/24 20. 20. 2 1 10. 10. 0/24 50. 50. 3 2 40. 40. 0/24 50. 50. 4 1 2 70. 70. 0/24 50. 50. 6 1 60. 60. 0/24 (6. )50. 50. 4 2 40. 40. 0/24 Gateway 2. NW/Mask 1 30. 30. 0/24 R 4 50. 50. 3 NW/Mask 4. R 4 4. 3. 50. 50. 0/24 R 5 R 6 6. NW/Mask Gateway Cost 50. 50. 0/24 Direct 0 70. 70. 0/24 Direct 0 20. 20. 0/24 50. 50. 3 1 2 40. 40. 0/24 50. 50. 4 1 40. 40. 4 3 60. 60. 0/24 70. 70. 7 1 40. 40. 4 3 10. 10. 0/24 50. 50. 50. 3 2 5. 60. 60. 0/24 7. NW/Mask 60. 60. 0/24 70. 70. 0/24 40. 40. 0/24 50. 50. 0/24 20. 20. 0/24 10. 10. 0/24 30. 30. 0/24 R 7 7. Gateway Direct 60. 60. 5 70. 70. 70. 6 70. 70. 0/2430. 30. 0/24 Cost 0 0 1 1 2 3 3 �������������
การเกด Loop ใน Distance Vector n สมมต มสาม Network เชอมตอผานสอง Router และทำการ Update ตารางเรยบรอย R 1 200. 18. 95. 0/24 Network 1. Net Mask R 2 1. 58. 42. 96. 0/19 Gateway Cost 2. Network 2. Net Mask 195. 3. 0. 192/26 Gateway Cost 200. 18. 95. 0 255. 0 Direct 0 195. 3. 0. 192 255. 192 Direct 0 58. 42. 96. 0 255. 224. 0 Direct 0 195. 3. 0. 192 255. 192 1 200. 18. 95. 0 255. 0 58. 42. 96. 2 58. 42. 96. 1 1
การเกด Loop ใน Distance Vector n สมมต ตอวา Network 195. 3. 0. 192/26 เกด Down เชน Link ขาด ดงนน R 2 จะตรวจจบได และ Mark ตารางของตนเปน Unreachable (Infinity) R 1 200. 18. 95. 0/24 Network 1. Net Mask R 2 1. 58. 42. 96. 0/19 Gateway Cost 2. Network 2. Net Mask 200. 18. 95. 0 255. 0 Direct 0 195. 3. 0. 192 255. 192 58. 42. 96. 0 255. 224. 0 Direct 0 58. 42. 96. 0 255. 224. 0 195. 3. 0. 192 255. 192 1 200. 18. 95. 0 255. 0 58. 42. 96. 2 195. 3. 0. 192/26 Gateway Cost - inf Direct 0 58. 42. 96. 1 1
การเกด Loop ใน Distance Vector n เมอถงเวลา Update และมการแลกเปลยนตาราง R 1 จะเรยนรแลววา 195. 3. 0. 192/26 นนเปน Unreachable และปรบตารางตนเอง R 1 200. 18. 95. 0/24 Network 1. Net Mask R 2 1. 58. 42. 96. 0/19 Gateway Cost 2. Network 2. Net Mask 200. 18. 95. 0 255. 0 Direct 0 195. 3. 0. 192 255. 192 58. 42. 96. 0 255. 224. 0 Direct 0 58. 42. 96. 0 255. 224. 0 195. 3. 0. 192 255. 192 1 200. 18. 95. 0 255. 0 n 58. 42. 96. 2 195. 3. 0. 192/26 Gateway Cost - inf Direct 0 58. 42. 96. 1 1 ������� R 2 ������� R 1 ������� 195. 3. 0. 192/26 ���� Cost ������ Update ����� Cost = 2
การเกด Loop ใน Distance Vector n ผลทได จะทำใหตารางผดพลาด R 1 200. 18. 95. 0/24 Network 1. Net Mask R 2 1. 58. 42. 96. 0/19 Gateway Cost 2. Network 2. Net Mask 200. 18. 95. 0 255. 0 Direct 0 195. 3. 0. 192 255. 192 58. 42. 96. 0 255. 224. 0 Direct 0 58. 42. 96. 0 255. 224. 0 195. 3. 0. 192 255. 192 - inf 200. 18. 95. 0 255. 0 n 195. 3. 0. 192/26 Gateway Cost 58. 42. 96. 1 2 Direct 0 58. 42. 96. 1 1 ����� Packet ����� R 2 ������ 195. 3. 0. 195 /26 ������� R 1 �������� R 1 ���� Update ������������� Loop
การเกด Loop ใน Distance Vector n ในการ Update ครงตอไป R 1 จะเรยนร 195. 3. 0. 192 /26 จาก R 2 อกครงดวย Cost 2 และ Update ตารางตนเอง ขณะเดยวกน R 2 ทำการ Update ตารางตนเองเชนกน R 1 200. 18. 95. 0/24 Network 1. Net Mask R 2 1. 58. 42. 96. 0/19 Gateway Cost 2. Network 2. Net Mask 200. 18. 95. 0 255. 0 Direct 0 195. 3. 0. 192 255. 192 58. 42. 96. 0 255. 224. 0 Direct 0 58. 42. 96. 0 255. 224. 0 195. 3. 0. 192 255. 192 - inf 200. 18. 95. 0 255. 0 195. 3. 0. 192/26 Gateway Cost 58. 42. 96. 1 2 Direct 0 58. 42. 96. 1 1
การเกด Loop ใน Distance Vector n การ Update จะทำสลบไปมา จะเพมทละหนงจนเขาส เราเรยกเหตการณนวา Infinity’ และคา Cost Infinity ‘Count to R 1 200. 18. 95. 0/24 Network 1. Net Mask R 2 1. 58. 42. 96. 0/19 Gateway Cost 2. Network 2. Net Mask 200. 18. 95. 0 255. 0 Direct 0 195. 3. 0. 192 255. 192 58. 42. 96. 0 255. 224. 0 Direct 0 58. 42. 96. 0 255. 224. 0 195. 3. 0. 192 255. 192 58. 42. 96. 2 3 200. 18. 95. 0 255. 0 n 195. 3. 0. 192/26 Gateway Cost - inf Direct 0 58. 42. 96. 1 1 Packet ����������� R 1 ��� R 2
27. 11 RIP Packet Format(v 2) n n Command บงบอกวาเปน หรอ Response Routing Information แตละชดจะประกอบดวย Bytes) n n n RIP Request 5 Word (20 Family(Address Family Identifier) โดย RIP สามารถจะสง Routing Information ไดกบหลาย Protocol ถาเปน IP จะมคา 2, ถาเปนการทำ Authentication จะใชคา 0 xffff Route Tag กำหนดวธบงบอกความแตกตางระหวาง Internal Route (เรยนรจาก RIP) และ External Route (เรยนรจาก Protocol อน ) ทเหลอคอ IP Address (Network ID), Subnet Mask และ Metric (จะมคาระหวาง 0 และ 15), 16 หมายถง Unreachable
27. 11 RIP Packet Format(v 2)
OSPF Example: Link-State R 1 10. 10. 0/24 1. R 2 20. 20. 0/24 1. 2. 30. 30. 0/24 LSB 3. R 3 3. R 4 40. 40. 0/24 R 5 4. 6. 5. R 6 6. 5. 60. 60. 0/24 50. 50. 0/24 7. R 7 7. 70. 70. 0/24 Interface /Mask Cost 10. 10. 1/24 2 20. 20. 1/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 20. 20. 2/24 1 30. 30. 2/24 2 Interface /Mask Cost 20. 20. 3/24 4 50. 50. 3/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 40. 40. 4/24 5 50. 50. 4/24 2 Interface /Mask Cost 40. 40. 5/24 1 60. 60. 5/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 50. 50. 6/24 2 70. 70. 6/24 5 Interface /Mask Cost 60. 60. 7/24 2 70. 70. 7/24 1 R 1 LSA R 2 LSA R 3 LSA R 4 LSA R 5 LSA R 6 LSA R 7 LSA
OSPF Example: Link-State 2 N 1 R 1 3 N 2 4 R 3 3 N 4 5 R 4 2 2 R 5 R 6 3 5 N 6 R 7 1 R 2 2 LSB N 3 Interface /Mask N 1 N 2 N 3 N 2 N 5 1 2 1 N 4 N 5 N 4 N 6 N 5 N 7 N 6 N 7 Cost 10. 10. 1/24 2 20. 20. 1/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 20. 20. 2/24 1 30. 30. 2/24 2 Interface /Mask Cost 20. 20. 3/24 4 50. 50. 3/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 40. 40. 4/24 5 50. 50. 4/24 2 Interface /Mask Cost 40. 40. 5/24 1 60. 60. 5/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 50. 50. 6/24 2 70. 70. 6/24 5 Interface /Mask Cost 60. 60. 7/24 2 70. 70. 7/24 1 R 1 LSA R 2 LSA R 3 LSA R 4 LSA R 5 LSA R 6 LSA R 7 LSA
OSPF Example: Link-State 2 N 1 R 1 3 N 2 4 R 3 3 N 4 5 R 4 2 2 R 5 R 6 3 5 N 6 R 7 1 R 2 2 LSB N 3 Interface /Mask N 1 N 2 N 3 N 2 N 5 1 2 1 N 4 N 5 N 4 N 6 N 5 N 7 N 6 N 7 Cost 10. 10. 1/24 2 20. 20. 1/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 20. 20. 2/24 1 30. 30. 2/24 2 Interface /Mask Cost 20. 20. 3/24 4 50. 50. 3/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 40. 40. 4/24 5 50. 50. 4/24 2 Interface /Mask Cost 40. 40. 5/24 1 60. 60. 5/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 50. 50. 6/24 2 70. 70. 6/24 5 Interface /Mask Cost 60. 60. 7/24 2 70. 70. 7/24 1 R 1 LSA R 2 LSA R 3 LSA R 4 LSA R 5 LSA R 6 LSA R 7 LSA
OSPF Example: Link-State 3 1 R 1 3 LSB R 2 N 1 N 2 4 4 Interface /Mask 1 R 3 N 2 N 3 3 N 2 N 5 2 R 4 2 5 N 4 N 5 2 1 2 R 6 R 5 3 N 4 N 6 5 3 1 2 R 7 N 5 N 7 N 6 N 7 Cost 10. 10. 1/24 2 20. 20. 1/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 20. 20. 2/24 1 30. 30. 2/24 2 Interface /Mask Cost 20. 20. 3/24 4 50. 50. 3/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 40. 40. 4/24 5 50. 50. 4/24 2 Interface /Mask Cost 40. 40. 5/24 1 60. 60. 5/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 50. 50. 6/24 2 70. 70. 6/24 5 Interface /Mask Cost 60. 60. 7/24 2 70. 70. 7/24 1 R 1 LSA R 2 LSA R 3 LSA R 4 LSA R 5 LSA R 6 LSA R 7 LSA
OSPF Example: Link-State ���� R 3 �� SPF Tree ��� Dijkstra 3 1 R 1 3 LSB R 2 N 1 N 2 4 4 Interface /Mask 1 R 3 N 2 N 3 3 N 2 N 5 2 R 4 2 5 N 4 N 5 2 1 2 R 6 R 5 3 N 4 N 6 5 3 1 2 R 7 N 5 N 7 N 6 N 7 Cost 10. 10. 1/24 2 20. 20. 1/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 20. 20. 2/24 1 30. 30. 2/24 2 Interface /Mask Cost 20. 20. 3/24 4 50. 50. 3/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 40. 40. 4/24 5 50. 50. 4/24 2 Interface /Mask Cost 40. 40. 5/24 1 60. 60. 5/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 50. 50. 6/24 2 70. 70. 6/24 5 Interface /Mask Cost 60. 60. 7/24 2 70. 70. 7/24 1 R 1 LSA R 2 LSA R 3 LSA R 4 LSA R 5 LSA R 6 LSA R 7 LSA
OSPF Example: Link-State ���� R 3 �� SPF Tree ��� Dijkstra 3 1 R 1 3 LSB R 2 N 1 N 2 4 4 Interface /Mask 1 R 3 N 2 N 3 3 N 2 N 5 2 R 4 2 5 N 4 N 5 2 1 2 R 6 R 5 3 N 4 N 6 5 3 1 2 R 7 N 5 N 7 N 6 N 7 Cost 10. 10. 1/24 2 20. 20. 1/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 20. 20. 2/24 1 30. 30. 2/24 2 Interface /Mask Cost 20. 20. 3/24 4 50. 50. 3/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 40. 40. 4/24 5 50. 50. 4/24 2 Interface /Mask Cost 40. 40. 5/24 1 60. 60. 5/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 50. 50. 6/24 2 70. 70. 6/24 5 Interface /Mask Cost 60. 60. 7/24 2 70. 70. 7/24 1 R 1 LSA R 2 LSA R 3 LSA R 4 LSA R 5 LSA R 6 LSA R 7 LSA
OSPF Example: Link-State ���� R 3 �� SPF Tree ��� Dijkstra LSB R 2 R 1 4 4 R 3 Interface /Mask N 1 N 2 N 3 3 3 R 4 N 2 N 5 N 4 N 5 5 R 6 R 5 5 R 7 N 4 N 6 N 5 N 7 N 6 N 7 Cost 10. 10. 1/24 2 20. 20. 1/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 20. 20. 2/24 1 30. 30. 2/24 2 Interface /Mask Cost 20. 20. 3/24 4 50. 50. 3/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 40. 40. 4/24 5 50. 50. 4/24 2 Interface /Mask Cost 40. 40. 5/24 1 60. 60. 5/24 3 Interface /Mask Cost 50. 50. 6/24 2 70. 70. 6/24 5 Interface /Mask Cost 60. 60. 7/24 2 70. 70. 7/24 1 R 1 LSA R 2 LSA R 3 LSA R 4 LSA R 5 LSA R 6 LSA R 7 LSA
27. 14 OSPF Area 0 Area 1 Area 2
OSPF Designated Router และ Backup Designated Router DR BDR M= n(n-1)/2 = 28 M= (n-2)× 2+1 = 13
OSPF Protocol Layer n OSPF กำหนด Frame Format ทจะบรรจโดยตรงลงใน IP ไมผาน Transport Layer n Packet Type ทงหมด 5 แบบ แตละแบบยงมแยกออกไปอก n n OSPF Packet Type I = Hello Packet สงทก 10 วนาท OSPF Packet Type 4 = Link-State Update Packetจะสง LSA n n n LSA ทสงมหลายแบบ Protocol Number ของ OSPF คอ 89 การสง LSA จะสงผาน Multicasting n 224. 0. 0. 5
Position of the Dynamic Routing Protocols in the Protocol Stack BGP RIP TCP UDP IP OSPF Raw IP Link layer Physical layer
IP Routing EGP ROUTING BGP IGP Static Dynamic Default Route Distance Vector RIP V 1 RIP V 2 Link State OSPF IS-IS
27. 16 Multicast Routing 27. 16. 3 การ Forward และการคนหาสมาชก n Multicast Protocol จะใชสามวธในการ Datagram n n Forward Flood-and-Prune Configuration-and-Tunneling Core-Based Discovery เราจะกลาวรายละเอยดในแตละวธ อยางสงเขป
27. 16 Multicast Routing 27. 16. 4 Multicast Protocols n มหลาย Protocol ทถกเสนอขนมา แตยงไมมตวใดทสามารถใชงานได อยางกวางขวาง ตลอดทง Internet (Internet-wide multicast routing) n Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) n n เปน Protocol ทถกใชโดย UNIX program ‘mrouted’ และใน Internet Multicast back. BONE (MBONE) DVMRP จะทำ Local Multicast โดยใช IP-in-IP encapsulation และสง Multicast Datagram จาก Site หนงไปยงอก Site หนง รายละเอยด ดไดจาก http: //www. lbl. gov/web/Computers-and. Networks. html#MBONE Core Based Tree (CBT) n ใชวธการให Router สราง Delivery Tree จากจดศนยกลางมายงแตละกลม โดย CBT จะอาศย Unicast Routing
27. 16 Multicast Routing 27. 16. 4 Multicast Protocols n Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode (PIMSM) n n n เปน Protocol ทใชวธการเชนเดยวกนกบ CBT ในการสราง Multicast Routing Tree การสงขอมลระหวาง Site ซงใช Unicast ไมไดกำหนดวาจะตองใช Unicast Routing Protocol อะไร Protocol Independent Multicast-Dense Mode (PIMDM) n n เปน Protocol ทออกแบบมาใหใชภายในองคกร Router จะใชวธการ Flooding (PIM-DM Broadcast) Packet ของ Multicast ไปยงทกๆตำแหนงของ Network ภายในองคกร n n ถา Router ใด ไมมสมาชกของ จะสงขอมลกลบใหทำการ (หยดสง Packet) วธการนจะใชไดด Multicast อย Prune Multicast Tree ถา Multicast Session
27. 16 Multicast Routing 27. 16. 4 Multicast Protocols n Multicast Extensions to the Open Shortest Path First Protocol (MOSPF) n n n MOSPF ไดถกออกแบบเพอจะผาน Router ภายในองคกร โดย MOSPF จะอาศยการทำงานของ Link-State Routing Multicast Route ระหวาง OSPF และทำงานรวมกบ Multicast Routing เปนเรองทยากมาก แมวาจะมการวจยคนความานาน แตยงไมม Protocol ทเปน General. Purpose Internet Multicast ทประสพผลสำเรจ
Extra: Network Design Tips การใช VLAN and Subnet n ตวอยาง Physical Diagram n Switch 24 Port 5/1 5/3 5/5 5/7 5/9 5/13 5/15 5/19 5/2 5/2 5/4 5/6 5/8 5/10 15/12 5/14 5/1 75/18 5/2 15/22 35/24 6 0 Logical Diagram ����� VLAN 5/1 5/3 5/5 5/7 5/9 5/11 5/13 5/15 5/17 5/19 5/21 5/23 5/2 5/4 5/6 5/8 5/10 5/12 5/14 5/16 5/18 5/20 5/22 5/24 VLAN 100 VLAN 200 VLAN 100 VLAN 200 VLAN 1 PC 2 192. 168. 10 -. 11 /24 PC 3 PC 4 192. 168. 20 -. 21 /24 VLAN 1 VLAN 200 VLAN 1 5/1 5/3 5/5 5/7 5/9 5/11 5/13 5/15 5/17 5/19 5/21 5/23 5/2 5/4 5/6 5/8 5/10 5/12 5/14 5/16 5/18 5/20 5/22 5/24 PC 1 PC 2 192. 168. 10 -. 11 /24 PC 3 PC 4 192. 168. 20 -. 21 /24
VLAN Tag Diagram Physical Diagram SW 2 SW 1 VLAN 100 Port 1/1 -10 VLAN 200 Port 1/11 -20 Tag Port 1/24 Logical Diagram SW 1: 1/1 -1/10 SW 2: 1/1 -1/10 VLAN 100 10. 10. 0/24 SW 1: 1/10 -1/20 SW 2: 1/10 -1/20 VLAN 200 20. 0. 0/16 SW 1: 1/21 -1/23 SW 2: 1/21 -1/23 VLAN 1 30. 0/8
สมมตเราม เชอมตอผาน 3 Network Router R 1 1. Logical Diagram ������� L 3 1. 1. 192. 168. 10. 0/24 192. 168. 20. 0/24 R 1 192. 168. 10. 0/24 1. Logical Diagram ������� L 2 ��� Host 192. 168. 30. 0/24 1. VLAN 100 192. 168. 30. 0/24 VLAN 300 1. VLAN 200 192. 168. 20. 0/24 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. ��������� Network ������ 6 ������� Switch �������� 3 VLAN �� 7 Port
VLAN Diagram R 1 192. 168. 10. 0/24 1. VLAN 100 Logical Diagram ������� L 2 ��� Host 192. 168. 30. 0/24 1. VLAN 300 1. VLAN 200 192. 168. 20. 0/24 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. ��������� Network ������ 6 �������� Switch �������� 3 VLAN �� 7 Port Physical Diagran ��������� Port ����� R 1 SW 1 VLAN 100 Port 1/1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 19 VLAN 300 Port 1/, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21 VLAN 200 Port 1/2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 20
End of Chapter 27 (Week 13) n HW 9: Chapter 27 สงสปดาหหนา n n n 27. 1 27. 4 27. 6 27. 10 27. 16 27. 24
End of Week 13 n HW 7 Download
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