CP 2022 INTERNET and World Wide Web Multimedia

CP 2022 INTERNET and World Wide Web Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 1

A simple view of the Internet A network of networks World-wide inter-linked computers… Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 2

What is the Internet ? n n n Large collection of connected computers across the world Linked networks and networks within networks…… Began in 1970 s - mainly US-based academic, military and research networks Used mainly for research and knowledge sharing purposes One aim was to establish a facility to enable communication even in the event of a nuclear attack Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 3

Evolution of the Internet n n Internet = email, file transfer, newsgroups, and hypertext transfer (WWW) Over recent years the size and scope of the Internet network(s) have almost ‘exploded’ World-wide group of users of millions …. And still growing Redesign/restructuring is an issue - to cope with this phenomenal growth and the increasing use of multimedia. Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 4

What Services are Offered ? n n n Email The World Wide Web based on the hyper-text transfer protocol (http) Millions of sites for a range of subjects/interests File transfer Discusssion forums, instant messaging, online services (e. g. library renewals) Streaming multimedia Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 5

EMAIL - advantages n n n Speed (especially long distance) Reduction in paperwork (for memos) Messages/documents transmitted + received when convenient Permanent record of dialogue Direct access can be a ‘social leveller’ Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 6

EMAIL - disadvantages n n n Junk mail /Spam Face - face dialogue has the edge Systems fail! Delays in receipt can be unpredictable and excessive Access constraints (to hardware) can be limiting Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 7

How do you access the World. Wide Web? n Uses a computer program called a browser n n Microsoft Internet Explorer Netscape navigator Others Give the name of the computer you want to access and the location of the file ! (URL) n n n e. ghttp: //www. scit. wlv. ac. uk/~cm 1950/CP 2022/images/bridge. JPG Or use the mouse to click on links Or use bookmarks to return to frequently visited sites Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 8

What is on the Web ? n n Academic Publications and Research/reference information Non-academic information (e. g. on football teams, celebrities etc. ) Services such as shopping, buying books and software, renewing library books, etc. Scope of use is widening - video broadcasting, remote directed surgery, interactive entertainment, etc. Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 9

How do you find useful information? n n n There are millions of documents on the web to search through ! Luckily there are tools to help. Try using a Search ‘Engine’. For example, Google, Alta Vista, An example web page: http: //www. andysloane. info/ Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 10

Internet communication n n TCP/IP is used to communicate packets of information between users and other parts/users of the Internet. Permanent connections n n High data rate links at universities Broadband connections Dial-up access via telephone/ISDN lines Individuals can access through ISPs n (Internet service providers) or other establishments (e. g. university) Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 11

Some predictions (1998) n A U. S. survey predicted by 2002: n n PCs = net access in 47 m homes TV based = 12. 7 m homes Screen phones = 2. 6 m homes Now - 250 m Internet users in the North America http: //www. internetworldstats. com n n PC-centric Net and TV-centric Net (web-TV) ‘intelligent’ software used on shopping web sites n n keeps track of users’ preferences and interests leads to ability to suggest products etc. Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 12

Internet usage in the EU EU country Austria Belgium Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Poland Portugal Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden United Kingdom European Union Population (2006 Est. ) 8, 188, 806 10, 481, 831 961, 154 10, 211, 609 5, 425, 373 1, 339, 157 5, 260, 970 61, 004, 840 82, 515, 988 11, 275, 420 10, 060, 684 4, 065, 631 59, 115, 261 2, 293, 246 3, 416, 941 459, 393 385, 308 16, 386, 216 38, 115, 814 10, 501, 051 5, 379, 455 1, 959, 872 44, 351, 186 9, 076, 757 60, 139, 274 462, 371, 237 Internet Users 4, 650, 000 5, 100, 000 298, 000 4, 800, 000 3, 762, 500 670, 000 3, 286, 000 26, 214, 174 48, 722, 055 3, 800, 000 3, 050, 000 2, 060, 000 28, 870, 000 810, 000 968, 000 270, 800 301, 000 10, 806, 328 10, 600, 000 6, 090, 000 2, 276, 000 950, 000 17, 142, 198 6, 800, 000 37, 800, 000 230, 097, 055 Penetration % Use %in EU Growth 2000 -5 56. 8 % 2. 0 % 121. 4 % 48. 7 % 2. 2 % 155. 0 % 31. 0 % 0. 1 % 148. 3 % 47. 0 % 2. 1 % 380. 0 % 69. 4 % 1. 6 % 92. 9 % 50. 0 % 0. 3 % 82. 8 % 62. 5 % 1. 4 % 70. 5 % 43. 0 % 11. 4 % 208. 4 % 59. 0 % 21. 2 % 103. 0 % 33. 7 % 1. 7 % 280. 0 % 30. 3 % 1. 3 % 326. 6 % 50. 7 % 0. 9 % 162. 8 % 48. 8 % 12. 5 % 118. 7 % 35. 3 % 0. 4 % 440. 0 % 28. 3 % 0. 4 % 330. 2 % 58. 9 % 0. 1 % 170. 8 % 78. 1 % 0. 1 % 652. 5 % 65. 9 % 4. 7 % 177. 1 % 27. 8 % 4. 6 % 278. 6 % 58. 0 % 2. 6 % 143. 6 % 42. 3 % 1. 0 % 250. 2 % 48. 5 % 0. 4 % 216. 7 % 38. 7 % 7. 1 % 218. 2 % 74. 9 % 3. 0 % 68. 0 % 62. 9 % 16. 4 % 145. 5 % 49. 8 % 100. 0 % 147. 0 % Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 13

More snippets …. . n n n Trend for commercial web sites to look for ‘value added’ content to attract and retain interest (discussion forums) Fastest growing groups of web users under 18 s and over 55 s Average web users surfs for 1 -2 hours/day Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 14

And more snippets …. n Users’ online time (survey): n n n Entertainment sites = 14% Education = 1% Communications 1/4% 84% regularly use E-Mail 40% visit chat rooms/discussion forums Internet 2 - the ‘next generation’ internet will be up to 1, 000 times faster (over next few years) Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 15

Summary n n n The Internet is now a primary means of communication It isn’t designed for multimedia Now difficult to work without email Web browsing is both work and leisure activity The Internet is being developed for greater speed and better access to information Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4 16