COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE COUNTABLE NOUNS We can count

COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE

COUNTABLE NOUNS • We can count these nouns and make them plural. (Bu isimleri sayabilir ve çoğul olarak kullanabiliriz. ) • Singular (tekil): a pear one book a child • Plural (çoğul): two pears three books four children

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS • We can’t count these nouns and make them plural. They are always singular. We can’t “three meats” ( Bu isimleri sayamayız ve çoğul olarak kullanamayız. Hep tekil olarak kullanırız. )

Common uncountable nouns Liquids Water Milk Coffee Tea Juice Soda Coke Lemonade Oil Food Meat, Yoghurt Cheese, Rice Bread, Salt Honey, Sugar Butter Jam Food Fruit Flour Chocalate Soup Others Money Jewellery Ice Air Toothpaste Shampo Perfüme Soap Furniture Sand News

EXERCİSE: Write “Countable (C)” or “Uncountable (U)”. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. . Carrot U. Meat U. Rice C. Strawberry U. Coke C. Pear U. Water C 8. C. Hamburger 9. U. Fruit 10. C. Melon 11. C. Grape 12. U. Tea 13. U. Butter 14. C. Egg

COUNTABLE – UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS WITH SOME AND ANY SOME Affirmative Some + uncountable noun Some water Some + plural countable nouns Some flowers • We use some positive sentences (+) (Sayılabilen ve sayılamayan isimlerle birlikte olumlu cümlelerde “some” kullanırız. ) There are some flowers in the vase. There is some water in the jug. I have got some carrots. I have got some orange juice.

Negative Any + uncountable noun Any cheese ANY Any + plural countable nouns Any flowers • We use any in negative sentences (-) and in questions(? ) (Sayılabilen ve sayılamayan isimlerle olumsuz cümlelerde ve sorularda “any” kullanırız. ) There aren’ t any flowers in the vase. There isn’ t any water in the jug. I haven’ t got any carrots. I haven’ t got any orange juice. QUESTİONS Are there any flowers in the vase ? Is there any water in the jug ? Have you got any carrots ? Have you got any orange juice ?

EXERCİSE: Complete the sentences with “a, some or any” 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. a son. We have got …. . any yoghurt in the fridge. There isn’ t ……… some dictionaries on the bookshelf. There are ………. . some salad for lunch. a I have got ……sandwich and ……… any friends in this town? Have they got ……… any eggs so we can’ t make a cake. There aren’ t ……… any oil in the bottle. There isn’ t ………. some Martha has got ………. . oranges in her basket.

HOW MANY…. . ? • We use question word “How many” to ask the quantity of countable nouns. (Sayılabilinen nesnelerin miktarını sormak için “How many” soru kalıbını kulanırız. ) How many + plural countable noun …. . ? A: How many potatoes are there in the basket? B: There are five potatoes in the basket. There are some potatoes in the basket. There is an / one potato in the basket.

HOW MUCH……? • We use question word “How much” to ask the quantity of uncountable nouns. (Sayılamayan nesnelerin miktarını sormak için “How much” soru kalıbını kullanırız. ) How much + uncountable noun ……. ? A: How much rice is there in the bowl? B: There is some rice in the bowl.

CONTAİNERS • A bottle of • A cartoon of • A tube of • A loaf of bread There is a bottle of milk. I have got a cartoon of orange juice. There is a tube of paste. He has got a loaf of bread. • A can of • A tin of • A bar of • A glass of • A jug of • A jar of There is a can of coke. There is a bar of chocolata. There ia a jug of lemonade. I have got a tin of Spinach. There is a lass of water. I have got a jar of jam.

• A bowl of • A packet of There is a bowl of soup. I have got a packet of salt. • A bottle of • A cup of • A piece of • A bunch of There is a bottle of soda There is a piece of cheese I have got a cup of coffe. He has got a bunch of flowers

EXERCİSE: Complete the questions with “How much” or “How many” ? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. How many …………………. . carrots are there ? How much …………………. bread is there ? How much …………………. meat have you got ? How much …………………. coke is there in the can ? …………………. money has Mr. Booty got ? How much …………………. cherries are there ? How many …………………. watchs has Rex got ? How much …………………. flour have you got ?

EXERCİSE: Complete the questions with the correct words below. Five …………of lemons. Three ……. . of biscuits. Two ……. . …of tea. Four ……. . of bread. Two ………. of flowers. A …. . . of honey. Two ……. . . of cheese. kilos loaves pieces cups packets jar bunches

• We use “a few” and “many” with plural countable nouns. (“a few” ve “many” sayılabilen çoğul nesnelerle kullanılır. ) • We use “a few” in positive sentences. (“a few” olumlu cümlelerde biraz var anlamında kullanılır. ) • We use “many” in negative sentences and questions. (“many” olumsuz cümlelerde ve sorularda kullanılır. Olumsuz cümlelerde miktarın fazla olmadığı anlamını verir. ) There aren’ t many pears in the basket. Are there many pears in the basket? I haven’ t got many pears. Have you got many pears? • “ few” means “not many”. (“a few”, “not many” anlamına gelir. ) I have got a few books, = I haven’ t got many books.

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS WITH A LITTLEMUCH • We use “a little” and “much” with uncountable nouns. (“a little ve “much” sayılamayan nesnelerle kullanılır. ) • We use “a little” in positive sentences. (“a little” olumlu cümlelerde biraz var anlamında kullanılır. ) There is a little in the cup I have got a little jewelery. • We use “much” in negative sentences and questions. (“much” olumsuz cümlelerde ve sorularda kullanılır. Olumsuz cümlelerde miktarın fazla olmadığı anlamı verir. ) There isn’ t much tea in the cup. Is there much tea in the cup? I haven’ t got much money. Have you got much money? • “a little” means “not much”. (“a little” , “not much” anlamına gelir. ) I have got a little perfume. = I haven’ t got much perfume.

EXERCISE : COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH “A FEW, A LITTLE, MUCH OR MANY” 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. a little My grandmother has got ………………. . . money. much Is there …………………. furniture in the living room? a few There are …………………. puppies in the kennel. many I haven’ t got …………………. pencils. many There aren’ t …………………. . birds on there. a little Ted and his family have got ………………… food. many Has Marilyn got …………………. . cousins. a little …. toothpaste in the tube. There is ………………

COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS WITH A LOT OF (LOTS OF) • We generally use “a lot of” (lots of) with both countable plural nouns and uncountable nouns in positive sentences. (Genellikle hem sayılabilen hem de sayılamayan nesnelerin miktarının çok olduğunu söylerken olumlu cümlelerde kullanırız. ) I have got a lot of friends. There a lot of people at the station. There is a lot of honey in the jar. Nina has got a lot of jewelery.

EXERCİSE: Complete the sentences with “a lot of”, “many” or “much” a lot of apples in the basket so don’ t 1. There are ……………… buy any. many. people at the concert today? 2. Are there ……………… much 3. There isn’ t ……………. . peach juice in the jug. 4. There aren’ t ……………. many …people in the cafe so it isn’ t crowded. a lot of perfüme in the bottle. 5. There is ……………… much. . . food at home so I must go 6. There isn’ t …………… to the supermarket.

ASKING PRICE: HOW MUCH • We use “How much” also to ask price. (“How much” soru kalıbını sayılamayan nesnelerin miktarını sormanın yanı sıra bir nesnenin fiyatını sormak için kullanırız. ) A: How much is a hamburger? B: It is £ 2 A: How much are two hamburgers? B: They are £ 4 A: How much is a kilo of apples? B: It is £ 1 A: How much are two kilos of apples? B: They are £ 2

EXERCİSE: Match the questions with the answer. 1. Has your little brother got many computer games? a) 5 1 …………… 2. How many cats you got b) Not many 3. How much is a kilo of carrots. c) Not much 2 …………… 3 ……………. 4. How much water is there in the jug. d) 1$ 4 ……………

MUHAMMED YILMAZ 9 -E 341