Corruption in the Arab World Corruption Forms Corruption
Corruption in the Arab World
Corruption Forms • Corruption Perception Index • Bribe Payers Index • The Effects of Corruption on the Economy
CPI (Corruption Perception Index) • CPI is a measurement tool used by experts in the fields of corruption. • It’s a scale between 0 and 10; 10 being the least corrupt value. • The Average of the corruption scale in the Arab World is 3. 47
CPI of Arab States World Ranking Country Scale 19 Qatar 7. 7 105 Algeria 2. 9 28 UAE 6. 3 127 Lebanon 2. 5 41 Oman 5. 3 127 Syria 2. 5 48 Bahrain 4. 9 143 Mauritania 2. 3 50 Jordan 4. 7 146 Libya 2. 2 50 Saudi Arabia 4. 7 146 Yemen 2. 2 54 Kuwait 4. 5 154 Comoros 2. 1 59 Tunisia 4. 3 172 Sudan 1. 6 85 Morocco 3. 4 175 Iraq 1. 5 91 Djibouti 3. 2 178 Somalia 1. 1 98 Egypt 3. 1 Average Scale 3. 47
CPI of Arab States
BPI (Bribe Payers Index) • It’s an index measured by a survey of the people of a certain region. • The surveyed people are asked to rate their country’s performance in fighting bribery. • Like CPI, it is scaled from 0 -10, 10 being the best score. However, no country in the World receives higher than a 9, which means all countries are viewed as exporters of corruption to some extent. • The Middle East is overall the second worst after Latin America in fighting bribery, according to the BPI.
Knowledge of Anti-Bribery Convention • 68% of the people in the Middle East and North Africa do not know that this convention exists. • 15% know it exists, but know very little if anything about it. • 7% know moderately about it. • 6% know substantial information about it. • Only 3% know nearly everything and are very aware of the Anti-Bribery Convention.
Are Governments Doing Enough? • 39% say that Government is “Very Ineffective” in fighting bribery. • 28% say that it is slightly ineffective. • 8% believe that it is neither effective nor ineffective. • 19% think that Government is effective. • 4% believe that Government plays a very strong role in fighting bribery,
Who is the Most Corrupt? • The Total Sample is the perceived average level of corruption. • The Values in the “Middle East” are the perceived deviation from the Average. • The Highlighted Values are perceived to be the most corrupt bodies in the government. • In the ME, Police are viewed as the most corrupt.
Effects of Corruption There are many forms of corruption in the Arab World; and just like all around the world, they have nearly the same effects on the economy. • - Slaking off on infrastructure: Jeddah floods. (Billions of Saudi Riyals were “invested” to re-construct Jeddah’s poor infrastructure after the initial floods in 2009, but Jeddah experienced two floods in 2010 and 2011. • Loss of talent due to “Wasta” when employers hire friends or family even if they are not qualified for the job. • - Leads to corrupt monopolies. Ahmed Ezz monopolizing steel industry. Owning around 80% of the market share, he is free to raise or lower prices as he pleases, without looking after the best interest of the people or the economy. • Discourages foreign investment.
Works cited • http: //www. transparency. org/policy_research/surveys _indices/cpi/2010/results • http: //www. transparency. org/policy_research/surveys _indices/bpi • http: //www. imf. org/external/pubs/ft/issues 6/ • The Report: Egypt 2007. Oxford Business Group. January 2007. ISBN 1 -9023 -3957 -6
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